BIOMOLECULES

Question 1

What are the 4 biomolecules?

Answer 1

• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Nucleic Acids
• Proteins

Question 2

WE TYPICALLY GET BIOMOLECULES FROM

Answer 2

FOOD

Question 3

THE BIOMOLECULES SERVE TO KEEP

Answer 3

ORGANISMS ALIVE

Question 4

CARBOHYDRATES
ARE?

Answer 4

SUGARS

Question 5

We get __ kilocalories per gram
of carb that we eat!

Answer 5

4

Question 6

Most common organic molecule

Answer 6

Carbohydrates

Question 7

Function: Primary energy source our body
needs

Answer 7

Carbohydrates

Question 8

Elements present: C, H, O (1:2:1 ratio)

Answer 8

Carbohydrates

Question 9

Monomer (building block):
Monosaccharides (Glucose is most common)

Answer 9

Carbohydrates

Question 10

Polymer: Polysaccharides (starch, Glycogen,
Cellulose, Chitin

Answer 10

Carbohydrates

Question 11

Examples: Chocolate, Bread, Pasta, Fruits,
Vegetables (ALL FROM PLANTS!!!)

Answer 11

Carbohydrates

Question 12

Single sugar

Answer 12

monosaccharide

Question 13

Ex: glucose , fructose (in fruits)

Answer 13

Single sugar: monosaccharide

Question 14

2 monosaccharides

Answer 14

disaccharide

Question 15

Ex: maltose, sucrose

Answer 15

2 monosaccharides: disaccharide

Question 16

3+ monosaccharides

Answer 16

polysaccharide

Question 17

Ex: Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose, and Chitin

Answer 17

3+ monosaccharides
polysaccharides

Question 18

Used for energy storage in plants

Answer 18

Starch

Question 19

Types of polysaccharides

Answer 19

Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose, and Chitin

Question 20

Potatoes, pasta and rice are ?

Answer 20

Starch

Question 21

They provide a quick form of energy for the body

Answer 21

Starch

Question 22

Used for energy storage in animals

Answer 22

Glycogen

Question 23

Provides structural
support in plants (found
in the cell wall)

Answer 23

Cellulose

Question 24

Found in exoskeletens of
arthropods (insects,
spiders)

Answer 24

Chitin

Question 25

Found in cell wall of some fungi

Answer 25

Chitin

Question 26

Primarily in a Ring shape (but not always)

Answer 26

Carbohydrates

Question 27

LIPIDS ARE?

Answer 27

FATS

Question 28

We get _____ kcals per gram Of fat that we consume.

Answer 28

9

Question 29

Function: Store energy, Insulates your body, and make up the cell membrane!

Answer 29

Lipids

Question 30

Elements: C-H-O

Answer 30

Lipids

Question 31

Monomer (Building blocks): glycerol & 3 fatty acids

Answer 31

Lipids

Question 32

Polymer: Phospholipids, triglycerides

Answer 32

Lipids

Question 33

Example: Steroids, cholesterol, fats, Oils, Nuts, Waxes, and make up part of the cell membrane

Answer 33

Lipids

Question 34

are Hydrophobic (water fearing) and do not dissolve in water

Answer 34

Lipids

Question 35

Lipids can be?

Answer 35

Saturated and Unsaturated

Question 36

The bonds between all the carbons are single bonds.

Answer 36

Saturated

Question 37

Solid at room temperature

Answer 37

Saturated

Question 38

Mainly animal fats (bacon grease, lard)

Answer 38

Saturated

Question 39

There is at least one double or triple bond between carbons present.

Answer 39

Unsaturated

Question 40

Liquid at room temperature

Answer 40

Unsaturated

Question 41

Mainly plant based fats (olive oil, peanut oil) as well as oily fish (Tuna, Sardines)

Answer 41

Unsaturated

Question 42

unhealthy lipids

Answer 42

Saturated

Question 43

healthy lipids

Answer 43

Unsaturated

Question 44

Long strands of Carbon and Hydrogen

Answer 44

Lipid Structure (HYDROCARBONS)

Question 45

BUILD US

Answer 45

PROTEINS

Question 46

We get ____ kcals per gram Of protein that we consume.

Answer 46

4

Question 47

Transport molecules in and out of the cell

Answer 47

Proteins

Question 48

Control the speed of chemical reaction

Answer 48

Proteins

Question 49

Used for growth and repair

Answer 49

Proteins

Question 50

make up the structure of living things…Hair, nails, skin, bones, muscle, etc.

Answer 50

Proteins

Question 51

Elements: C-H-O-N

Answer 51

Proteins

Question 52

Monomer (Building Block): amino acids (20 different ones!)

Answer 52

Proteins

Question 53

Polymer: proteins (tons)

Answer 53

Proteins

Question 54

hemoglobin in red blood cells, albumin in eggs, enzymes that control reactions in the body, and antibodies

Answer 54

Proteins

Question 55

Found in: fish, eggs, meat

Answer 55

Proteins

Question 56

______ groups represent one of the 20 Amino Acids! (so, each amino acid has something different in that spot)

Answer 56

R

Question 57

When groups of _____ are joined together a protein is formed

Answer 57

amino acids

Question 58

There are ____kinds of amino acids

Answer 58

20

Question 59

what amino acids consist of?

Answer 59

They consist of a carboxyl group (COOH) and an amino group NH2

Question 60

form between amino acids

Answer 60

Peptide bonds

Question 61

other name for Peptide bonds

Answer 61

polypeptide

Question 62

These biomolecules are not necessarily from food

Answer 62

NUCLEIC ACIDS

Question 63

Provide our genetic information

Answer 63

Nucleic acids

Question 64

Holds the instructions to make proteins.

Answer 64

Nucleic acids

Question 65

Elements: C-H-O-N-P

Answer 65

Nucleic acids

Question 66

Monomer : nucleotides

Answer 66

Nucleic acids

Question 67

A nucleotide is made up of:

Answer 67

* Sugar *Phosphate *Nitrogen Base: A, T, G, C, or U

Question 68

Polymer: DNA, RNA and AT

Answer 68

Nucleic acids

Question 69

dextrose sugar

Answer 69

glucose

Question 70

MONOSACCHARIDE

Answer 70

GLUCOSE GALACTOSE FRUCTOSE

Question 71

DISACCHARIDE

Answer 71

SUCROSE LACTOSE MALTOSE

Question 72

monomers of sucrose

Answer 72

glucose+fructose

Question 73

monomers of lactose

Answer 73

glucose+galactose

Question 74

monomers of maltose

Answer 74

glucose+glucose

Question 75

on the same side of hydrogen and healthy

Answer 75

cis fatty acid

Question 76

on the opposite side of hydrogen and unhealthy

Answer 76

trans fatty acid

Question 77

hydrogenation of vegetable oils

Answer 77

trans fatty acid

Question 78

naturally existing

Answer 78

cis fatty acid

Question 79

table sugar

Answer 79

surcose