Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 153 > Plant biodiversity > Flashcards

Plant biodiversity Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Plant Diversity
* Land plants (including the sea grasses) evolved
from a certain ________________ (charophyceans)
* >_______________ plant species on Earth today
* Most in ____________ environments (deserts,
grasslands, forests)
* Some have returned to ______________ habitats
(ex. sea grasses)

A
  1. green algae
  2. 390000
  3. terrestrial
  4. aquatic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Plants evolved
from ___________
(________ mya)
Evolution of
plants
* 4 main
evolutionary
events

A
  1. algae
  2. 500
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

4 main evolutionary events
top is the most recent

A
  1. radiation of flowering plants
  2. first seeds plants
  3. vascular tissues
  4. protected embryo
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Eukaryotic Diversity: Plants
Characteristics of plants
* Eukaryotic, _________________,
photosynthetic
* Pigments: chlorophyll _______
* Cell walls: __________________
* Carbohydrate storage:
_________
* Developing _____________
protected by tissues of parent
plant
* Alternation of _______________

A
  1. multicellular
  2. a and b
    3.cellulose
  3. starch
    5.embryos
    6.generations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Plant Evolution
* Prerequisites for survival
– _______________energy
– CO2
– Water
– Inorganic nutrients
* Coping with life on the land
– ________________ and ___________ readily available
– But water?
* ___________________________
* Need ______________ and nutrients to support
metabolism and reproduction

A
  1. sunlight for energy
  2. sunlight and CO2
  3. dessication
  4. water
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Eukaryotic Diversity: Plants
Challenges of a terrestrial environment
* Desiccation (_____________) – cuticle (_______ covering)
Stomata: for __________
and ________ diffusion

A
  1. drying out and waxy
  2. water and gas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Eukaryotic Diversity: Plants
Challenges of a terrestrial environment
* Protection of embryo from desiccation
Embryo within
___________ reproductive
structure

A
  1. female
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Challenges of a terrestrial environment
* Water and nutrients - _________________(vascular tissue)

A

transport system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Eukaryotic Diversity: Plants Nonvascular, seedless plants
* ____________ terrestrial plants
(transitional plants)
* ______ true roots, stems, or
leaves (conductive tissue)
– Diffusion of nutrients and
water (cell to cell)
– Found in __________ areas
* __________,live close to
ground
– most <20cm in height
* Need ___________ for
reproduction

A
  1. Earliest
  2. Lack
  3. moist
  4. small
  5. water
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bryophytes
Three phyla of bryophytes
– _______ (Bryophyta)
– _________ (Hepatophyta)
– _________
(Antherocerophyta)
Note: Bryophyta refers only
to one phylum, but the
informal term “bryophyte”
refers to all
nonvascular plants

A

1.Mosses
2.Liverworts
3.hornworts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bryophytes
_______________________ of lightweight spores
distributed bryophytes around the world
– Common in moist forests and wetlands
– Can inhabit _____________ environments
(mountaintops, tundra, and deserts)

A
  1. wind dispersal
  2. extreme
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mosses (Bryophyta)
* 15,000 species
* Arctic region to tropics
– Most in temperate
regions (______________
areas)
* Can store _____ quantities
of water and go dormant
during ____________
* Can ____________ of its
water but rehydrate and
reactivate cells when
moisture becomes
available

A
  1. damp shaded
  2. high
    3.deiccation
    4.lose all
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mosses (Bryophyta)
* Have “__________” shoot
* ______________ sporophyte
(long lived) consists of foot,
stalk, and sporangium
* Sporangium - site of
___________ and __________
production
* One sporangium can
generate over
__________________ spores

A
  1. leafy
  2. dependent
  3. meiosis and spore
  4. 50 million
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Nonvascular Plants
* Sporophyte is ___________________________
– Cannot ____________ from maternal gametophyte
– Attached to parental gametophyte throughout
sporophyte lifetime
* Depends on ________________ for sugars, amino acids,
minerals and water
* Bryophytes have smallest and _____________
sporophytes of all modern ______________________

A
  1. photosynthetic
  2. live
  3. gametophyte
  4. simplest
  5. plant groups
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hornworts
(Anthocerophyta)
* ~_______ species
* Gametophyte is a ribbon-
like thallus
* Tall sporophyte (long
lived, remains __________,
______________________)
* Photosynthetic
___________________ grow
inside thallus, giving
hornwort a distinctive
blue-green color

A
  1. 100
  2. attached, photosynthetic
  3. Cyanobacteria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Liverworts (Hepatophyta)
Liverworts (10,000 species)
– Body flattened thallus or ____________ appearance
– Sporophyte ________ lived, _____________________
– Rhizoids (root-like structures)
* ___________plants, absorbs some nutrients/water

A
  1. leafy
  2. short lived, lacks chlorophyll
  3. anchors
17
Q

Diplontic Life Cycle
(____________)

  • Only _________
    stage is
    multicellular
  • Haploid cells
    (gametes) are
    unicellular

Meiosis
produces
___________

A
  1. animals
  2. diploid
  3. gametes
18
Q

Alternation of generations
Non vascular plants
Gametophyte
* _______________(1n)
* Reproduce ______________
* Produce ____________ (1n)
(via mitosis)
* Either _________ or __________
* Antheridium (makes ________)
* Archegonia (makes ________)
* Most noticeable, dominant
phase of __________ life cycle

A
  1. haploid
  2. sexually
  3. gametes
  4. male or female
  5. sperm
  6. egg
  7. bryophyte
19
Q

Alternation of generations
Non vascular plants
Sporophyte
* Diploid (2n)
* Reproduce ____________
* Produce ____________ (___n)
(via meiosis)
* Sporangium (makes spores)
* Attached to parent
gametophyte for ___________
___________________________
* _______, tucked inside female

A
  1. aseuxally
  2. spores (1n)
  3. water and nutrients
  4. small
20
Q

Alternation of Generations
1. Gametophyte (haploid)
* Gametophytes produce
gametes
(______________________)
2. Fusion of egg and
sperm during fertilization
form a ___________ zygote
3. Sporophyte (___n)
4. Meiosis in sporophyte
* Produces ___n __________
5. Mitotic division of plant
spore produces new
_____________________

A
  1. egg and sperm
  2. diploid
  3. 2n
  4. meiosis
  5. gametophyte
21
Q

Sporophyte
meiosis produces _________

Gametophyte
mitosis produces
_____________

A

spores
gametes

Bio 153 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions