8/21 - mircoevolution Flashcards

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1
Q

Darwin’s Natural Selection (Mechanisms of Evolution):

A
  1. Natural Variation
  2. Heritability
  3. Differential survival
    4.Differential reproduction
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2
Q

Microevolution:
*Accumulation of small changes ________ a population
*Changes take place below ________ level
________ time period

A
  1. within a population
  2. below the species level
  3. short
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3
Q

Macroevolution:
*Large phenotypic changes within a species
(across many ______ of the same species)
*Origin of ____
*_____ period of time

A

1.populations
2.new species
3.Long

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4
Q

Population:
Group of individuals of the same ________________ living in the same geographic region

A

1.species

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5
Q

Gene:
a section of DNA that encodes ______________ for building a protein or a functional RNA molecules

A

1.information

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6
Q

Allele:
an _______ of a gene (eg. different alleles of the gene for hair pigment)
Populations have allele frequencies

A

1.a version

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7
Q

Genotype:
___________________________ of an individual. Populations have genotype frequencies (eg. AA, Aa, aa)

A

genetic make-up

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8
Q

Phenotype:
__________________________of an organism. May be external or internal, eg. physiological, morphological, behavioral etc. Populations have phenotype frequencies

A

physical, observable traits

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9
Q

Gene Pool:
total aggregate of genes in a population at any one time
______________________ at all loci in a population
In diploid organisms, each locus is represented twice in the genome

A

All alelles

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10
Q

Microevolution:
Accumulation of small changes ___________________ a population
Changes in allele frequencies = ____________________

A

1.within
2.microevolution

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10
Q

Evolution:
Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations, as a result of ___________________________

A

1.natural selection

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11
Q

Causes of microevolution
(changes in allele frequencies):
1) Genetic _____________
2) Gene flow
3) _____________ mating
4) Genetic drift
5) _____________________

A
  1. Mutations
  2. Gene flow
  3. Nonrandom mating
  4. Genetic drift
  5. Natural selection
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