8/21 - mircoevolution

Question 1

Darwin’s Natural Selection (Mechanisms of Evolution):

Answer 1

1. Natural Variation
2. Heritability
3. Differential survival
   4.Differential reproduction

Question 2

Microevolution:
*Accumulation of small changes ________ a population
*Changes take place below ________ level
________ time period

Answer 2

1. within a population
2. below the species level
3. short

Question 3

Macroevolution:
*Large phenotypic changes within a species
(across many ______ of the same species)
*Origin of ____
*_____ period of time

Answer 3

1.populations
2.new species
3.Long

Question 4

Population:
Group of individuals of the same ________________ living in the same geographic region

Answer 4

1.species

Question 5

Gene:
a section of DNA that encodes ______________ for building a protein or a functional RNA molecules

Answer 5

1.information

Question 6

Allele:
an _______ of a gene (eg. different alleles of the gene for hair pigment)
Populations have allele frequencies

Answer 6

1.a version

Question 7

Genotype:
___________________________ of an individual. Populations have genotype frequencies (eg. AA, Aa, aa)

Answer 7

genetic make-up

Question 8

Phenotype:
__________________________of an organism. May be external or internal, eg. physiological, morphological, behavioral etc. Populations have phenotype frequencies

Answer 8

physical, observable traits

Question 9

Gene Pool:
total aggregate of genes in a population at any one time
______________________ at all loci in a population
In diploid organisms, each locus is represented twice in the genome

Answer 9

All alelles

Question 10

Microevolution:
Accumulation of small changes ___________________ a population
Changes in allele frequencies = ____________________

Answer 10

1.within
2.microevolution

Question 10

Evolution:
Change in the genetic composition of a population during successive generations, as a result of ___________________________

Answer 10

1.natural selection

Question 11

Causes of microevolution
(changes in allele frequencies):
1) Genetic _____________
2) Gene flow
3) _____________ mating
4) Genetic drift
5) _____________________

Answer 11

1. Mutations
2. Gene flow
3. Nonrandom mating
4. Genetic drift
5. Natural selection