Pituitary Gland

Question 1

Where does DI originate?

Answer 1

The neurohypophyseal hypofunction

Question 2

What are some dz of adenohypophyseal hypofunction?

Answer 2

Addisions
Hypothyroidism
Dwarfism
Anestrus
Ovarian follicular cysts

Question 3

What are some dz of adenohypophyseal hyperfunction?

Answer 3

Cushings
Hyperthyroidism
Gigantism or acromegaly

Question 4

What are some disorders of the adenohypophysis?

Answer 4

Developmental

Hyperplasia

Neoplasia

Cellular atrophy, degeneration, and necrosis

Inflammation

Question 5

What could cause prolonged gestation?

Answer 5

Hypoplasia/aplasia of the fetal pituitray which causes hypoplasia of target endocrine organs-adrenal cortex.

This causes an inadequate cortisol secretion and failure of the estrogen surge which would normally start the birthing process

Question 6

What breeds of cow have a genetic defect of adneohypophyseal aplasia/hypoplasia? and what does it do

Answer 6

Guernsey and Jersey

hypoplasia of target organs, cessation of fetal development after 7 months and prolonged gestation

Question 7

Progressively enlarging, multiloculated cyst in the sella turcica and absence of the adenohypophysis?

Answer 7

Pituitary cyst

Question 8

What can cause stunting, slow growth, bilaterally symmetric alopecia and progressive hyperpigmentation of the skin?

Answer 8

Pituitary dwarfism

Question 9

C/S: decreased spontaneous activity, incoordination, weakness, collapse after exercise

Answer 9

Endocrinologically inactive chromophobe adenoma

Question 10

In chronic cases of inactive chromophobe adenoma, what will you see?

Answer 10

Blindess and dilated fixed pupils due to compression of the optic nerves

Question 11

craniopharyngioma is what?

Answer 11

a benign tumor derived from the EPITHELIAL remnants of the oropharyngeal ectoderm of the craniopharyngeal duct that is a failure of rathke’s pouch to differentiate into trophic hormone secreting cells of the pars distalis into subnormal secretion of somatotropin and other trophic hormones?

Question 12

What can cause a lesion to look large and grow along the ventral aspect of the brain where they can incorporate several cranial nerves and can also extend dorsally into the hypothalamus and thalamus?

Answer 12

craniopharyngioma

Question 13

A dog comes in with a lack of secretion of the pituitary trophic hormones resulting in trophic atrophy and subnormal fx of the adrenal cortex and thyroid? PU/PD, low USG. Has cranial nerve deficits?

Answer 13

Craniopharyngioma

Question 14

What spp does PG carcinomas occur in?

Answer 14

Older dogs and cows

Question 15

older dog: DI, CNS dysfunction, panhypopituitarism

Answer 15

PG Carcinoma

Question 16

What kind of neoplasms are more common in young animals?

Answer 16

Craniopharyngiomas

Question 17

What kind of neoplasms are more common in older animals?

Answer 17

Adenomas and carcinomas

Question 18

How can you tell the difference between an adenoma and a nodular hyperplasia?

Answer 18

Adenomas are usually larger and are encapsulated

Question 19

What are the two types of Adenomas of the pars intermedia?

Answer 19

Corticotroph adenoma

Melanotroph adenoma

Question 20

What are the two types of adenomas of the pars distalis?

Answer 20

corticotorph adenomas

somatotroph adenomas

Question 21

What is the most common pituitary neoplasm of the horse? C/S?

Answer 21

PPID

PU/PD, polyphagia, muscle weakness, somnolence, intermittent hyperpyrexia, hirsutism. hypercortisol and inc iACTH.

Question 22

What is the second most common pituitary neoplasm in dogs?

Answer 22

ademona of the pars intermedia

Question 23

If you have hypopituitarism and DI where could you have a tumor?

Answer 23

adenoma of pars intermedia

Question 24

Enlarged pituitary gland with extension into the thalamus, bilateral enlargement of adrenal due to cortical hyperplasia, nodules of yellow-orange cortical tissue outside the capsule and extending down into and compressing the medulla?

Answer 24

ACTH secreting adenoma

cushings