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Path II > Bone > Flashcards

Bone Flashcards

1
Q

What are all the ways bone mass increases

A 
Osteopetrosis
Congenital cortical hyperostosis
Craniomandibular osteopathy
Hypertrophic osteodystrophy
Hypertrophic osteopathy
Granulomatous osteomyelitis
Osteosarcoma
Multiple cartilaginous exostoses
Hypo/hypervitaminosis A
Hypervitaminosis D
Osteofluorosis
Lead poisoning
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2
Q

All the ways bone mass can decrease?

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta
Chondrodysplasia/dystrophy
Osteoporosis
Fibrous osteodystrophy

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3
Q

All the ways bones consistancy alter?

A 
Rickets
Osteomalacia
Fibrous Osteodystrophy
Osteofluorosis
Osteochondrosis
Copper Def
Fibrous Dysplasia
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4
Q

What condition is because there is a failure of osteoclasts to resorb the primary spongiosa

A

Osteopetrosis

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5
Q

Dog has aplastic anemia with dense thick bones that have small or no medullary cavity?

A

Osteopetrosis

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6
Q

What is it called when there is disorganization of the perichondrial ossification groove resulting in new periosteal bone formation on major long bones with possible edema

A

Congenital cortical hyperostosis

aka diaphyseal dysplasia

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7
Q

What is dz of new periosteal bone formation and irregular resorption causing irregular thickening of bones

usually in the mandibular, occipital and temporal bones and tympanic bullae

A

Craniomandibular osteopathy/lion jaw

4-7 mo of age
self limiting

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8
Q

Short legged with normal sized head

A

Chondrodystrophies/dysplasia

disproportionate dwarfism

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9
Q

Focal or multifocal failure or delay of endochondral ossification so the growth cartilage is retained

A

Osteochondrosis

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10
Q

What is a big reason for osteochondrosis

A

When breeds are feed in high amounts to reach maximal body weight at a young age

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11
Q

Well demarcated wedge of white, firm hyaline cartilage at the AE complex or physis, there is hemorrhage and mineralized debris in the adjacent bone

A

Osteochondrosis

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12
Q

Dysplasia at the Articular endochondrial complex. Formation of clefts in the retained cartilage and fracture of the overlying articular cartialge-cartilaginous or osteochondral flap

A

Osteochondritis dissecans

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13
Q

Whats a joint mouse?

A

Fracture of cartilaginous flap interfering with mechanical movement of the jt

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14
Q

What are the sequelae of OCD?

A

Degenerative jt dz

Ulceration and exposure of subchondral bone

lameness

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15
Q

What is it called when there is an imbalance between the rate of bone formation and the rate of bone resorption favoring resorption? Failure of normal osteoblastic activity and an inc removal of previously formed bone

A

Osteoporosis

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16
Q

What are some etiologies for osteoporosis

A

Ca def

Malnutrition

Disuse

Toxicity

17
Q

What are some toxicities that will cause osteoporosis

A

Vit A= dec osteoblastic activity

Adriamycin= dec osteoblastic activity

Fluoride=abn osteocytes

18
Q

Why would glucocorticoids cause osteoporosis

A

dec rate at which bone is formed which means dec amount of bone produced, and interfere with differentiation to osteoblasts

19
Q

What are some of the lesions associated with osteoporosis

A

Cortical bone will be reduced in thickness and have inc porosity

The trabecular bone will be thinner with perforations, loss of trabeculae due to imbalance between formation and resorption

The medullary cavity is enlarged due to endosteal resorption and removal of metaphyseal cancellous bone

20
Q

What is a dz of immature bone that is characterized by failure of mineralization, dz of bone AND cartilage undergoing endochondral ossification

A

Rickets

21
Q

What is the etiology of Rickets?

A

HypOOOvitaminosis D

Deficiency of Ca and Phosphorous

22
Q

Dec Vit D= Dec Ca ==?

A

Rickets

23
Q

What causes softening of bones in mature animals bc there is a failure of mineralization?

A

Osteomalacia

24
Q

What are the etiologies of osteomalacia

A

Def of Vit D or phosphorous

Chronic renal dz
dec synth of Vit D, which dec intestinal absorption of Ca

Chronic fluorosis

25
Q

What are the lesions in Osteomalacia

A

Dec bone mineralization bc there is an accumulation of osteoid-which is resistant to osteoclasts==soft bones

26
Q

What is required for the cross-linkage of collagin and elastin which strengthens bone,cartilage

aka in its absence you will see inc bone fragility

A

Copper

27
Q

What do you suspect when you see visible thickenings in rapidly growing growth plates, and an inc incidence in fractures

A

Copper Def

28
Q

What causes bilateral symmetrical physitis, and metaphyseal periosteal formation

A

HOD

hypertrophic osteodystrophy

29
Q

What causes bilateral periosteal new bone formation in the diaphyseal region and might have intrathoracic lesions

A

HOP

30
Q

What is HOP associated with?

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma of urinary bladder

31
Q

Away from the elbow and towards the stifle is a common saying in what?

A

Osteosarcomas

Path II (12 decks)

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