Physiology (Intro)

Question 1

Dorsal

Answer 1

Top half

Question 2

Ventral

Answer 2

Bottom half
Belly legs

Question 3

Anterior

Answer 3

Head half

Question 4

Posterior

Answer 4

Back half

Question 5

Cranial

Answer 5

Head side

Question 6

Caudal

Answer 6

Ass side

Question 7

Transverse plane

Answer 7

divides anterior and posterior

Question 8

Midsagittal plane

Answer 8

divides right left along spine

Question 9

Frontal plane

Answer 9

divides dorsal ventral
top bottom 4 legged animal

Question 10

organizational of the animal body (4 levels)

Answer 10

Cells
Tissues
Organs
Systems

Question 11

All cells contain _________ and _____________
only exception is red blood cells which don’t have ________ (except in ________)

Answer 11

Nucleus and cytoplasm
nucleus
birds

Question 12

Nucleus contains… (2)

Answer 12

Genes and chromosomes

Question 13

Mitochondria

Answer 13

Energy is produced in the form of ATP

Question 14

Ribosomes

Answer 14

where proteins are made

Question 15

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 15

transport system

Question 16

Golgi apparatus

Answer 16

site for synthesis, modification, storing, sorting, and transport of secretory products

Question 17

Lysosomes

Answer 17

Degrades proteins, carbs, nucleic acids
white blood cells contain many

Question 18

8 tissue types

Answer 18

• epithelial tissue
• adipose tissue
• muscle tissue
• nervous tissue
• blood
• cartilage tissue
• bone
• connective tissue

Question 19

organs are composed of _________ tissue types

Answer 19

2 or more

Question 20

several organs working together =

Answer 20

system

Question 21

11 body systems

Answer 21

• external body parts
• skeletal
• muscular
• circulatory
• respiratory
• urinary
• digestive
• reproductive
• nervous
• endocrine
• immune

Question 22

Types of glands and purpose

Answer 22

Sweat glands (cooling) Ducts
Sebaceous (secrete oily substances to lubricate and provide a barrier for the skin against moisture) Secrete through hair follicle

Question 23

Epidermis

Answer 23

outer skin
no blood cells

Question 24

Dermis

Answer 24

inner layer, connective tissue, blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves, glands`

Question 25

Subcutaneous

Answer 25

Adipose (fatty) tissue

Question 26

Modified appendages of skin

Answer 26

fur, wool, horns, feathers, hooves

Question 27

Molting

Answer 27

shedding feathers in late summer, new for winter

Question 28

Forced molting

Answer 28

using altered light durations to bring an older flock back into lay

Question 29

Cloven hoof animals

Answer 29

cattle, goats, sheep, swine

Question 30

Non cloven hoof animals (and breed exception)

Answer 30

horses, camels, mule foot swine

Question 31

Claws and Horns roles (2)

Answer 31

Defence and temperature regulation

Question 32

Difference between antler and horn attachment

Answer 32

Antler: part of skull Horn: connected with connective tissue

Question 33

Combs and wattle role

Answer 33

Decorative to attract female

Question 34

Functions of skeletal system

Answer 34

form and support locomotion protection produce red blood cells

Question 35

Outer layer of bone is made of

Answer 35

Tricalcium phosphate Collagen Chondroitin Sulfate

Question 36

Inner layer of bone

Answer 36

Bone marrow

Question 37

2 types of bone marrow

Answer 37

yellow: mostly fat red: blood and platelet formation

Question 38

What is missing in diets when leg weakness/lameness happens. Some common diet additives for this

Answer 38

adequate calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D limestone, alfalfa

Question 39

Prepartum diets in dairy cattle are designed to

Answer 39

Increase Ca Absorption Decrease renal Ca excretion Increase bone mobilization

Question 40

Axial Skeleton

Answer 40

Skull Vertebral Column Rib cage

Question 41

Appendicular Skeleton (2 parts)

Answer 41

Pectoral Limb (front) Pelvic Limb (rear)

Question 42

Structure of vertebrae

Answer 42

Spinal process Arch surrounding spinal cord Transverse process (what taryn broke i think) Body

Question 43

Types of vertebra (5)

Answer 43

Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Coccygeal

Question 44

Top Cervical Vertebrae Purpose

Answer 44

Atlas Axial Facilitate neck movement

Question 45

Thoracic Vertebrae

Answer 45

Largest portion of spine forming the shoulder region Connected to ribs

Question 46

Lumbar Vertebrae

Answer 46

Long transverse processes (TBone steak)

Question 47

Sacral Vertebrae

Answer 47

Fused to form wedge shaped bone joins with pelvis

Question 48

Coccygeal Vertebrae

Answer 48

Forms tail Number varies between species and breed

Question 49

Hip cut comes from

Answer 49

Hip and back leg

Question 50

Sirloin/loin comes from

Answer 50

Lumbar vertebrae

Question 51

Rib cut comes from

Answer 51

Thoracic vertebrae

Question 52

Chuck cut comes from

Answer 52

Cervical vertebrae

Question 53

Brisket/shank comes from

Answer 53

ulna, radius, brisket

Question 54

Flank/plate comes from

Answer 54

Sternum area

Question 55

Ideal BSC

Answer 55

3

Question 56

BCS Scale

Answer 56

1-5

Question 57

Sternum gives floor to _____, attachment to ____

Answer 57

thorax true ribs

Question 58

False ribs

Answer 58

breed/species dependent arent connected to sternum

Question 59

Pectoral limbs are made up of (7)

Answer 59

Scapula Humerus Radius Ulna Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges

Question 60

Perissodactyl

Answer 60

odd toed Horse

Question 61

Artiodactyl

Answer 61

even toed cow

Question 62

Pelvic limbs are made up of (7)

Answer 62

Pelvic girdle Femur Tibia Fibia Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges

Question 63

Pelvic Girdle is made up of (3)

Answer 63

Ilium Ischium Pubis