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Ansc 212 > Physiology (Intro) > Flashcards

Physiology (Intro) Flashcards

1
Q

Dorsal

A

Top half

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2
Q

Ventral

A

Bottom half
Belly legs

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3
Q

Anterior

A

Head half

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4
Q

Posterior

A

Back half

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5
Q

Cranial

A

Head side

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6
Q

Caudal

A

Ass side

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7
Q

Transverse plane

A

divides anterior and posterior

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8
Q

Midsagittal plane

A

divides right left along spine

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9
Q

Frontal plane

A

divides dorsal ventral
top bottom 4 legged animal

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10
Q

organizational of the animal body (4 levels)

A

Cells
Tissues
Organs
Systems

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11
Q

All cells contain _________ and _____________
only exception is red blood cells which don’t have ________ (except in ________)

A

Nucleus and cytoplasm
nucleus
birds

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12
Q

Nucleus contains… (2)

A

Genes and chromosomes

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13
Q

Mitochondria

A

Energy is produced in the form of ATP

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14
Q

Ribosomes

A

where proteins are made

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15
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

transport system

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16
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

site for synthesis, modification, storing, sorting, and transport of secretory products

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17
Q

Lysosomes

A

Degrades proteins, carbs, nucleic acids
white blood cells contain many

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18
Q

8 tissue types

A
  • epithelial tissue
  • adipose tissue
  • muscle tissue
  • nervous tissue
  • blood
  • cartilage tissue
  • bone
  • connective tissue
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19
Q

organs are composed of _________ tissue types

A

2 or more

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20
Q

several organs working together =

A

system

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21
Q

11 body systems

A
  • external body parts
  • skeletal
  • muscular
  • circulatory
  • respiratory
  • urinary
  • digestive
  • reproductive
  • nervous
  • endocrine
  • immune
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22
Q

Types of glands and purpose

A

Sweat glands (cooling) Ducts
Sebaceous (secrete oily substances to lubricate and provide a barrier for the skin against moisture) Secrete through hair follicle

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23
Q

Epidermis

A

outer skin
no blood cells

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24
Q

Dermis

A

inner layer, connective tissue, blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves, glands`

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25
Q

Subcutaneous

A

Adipose (fatty) tissue

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26
Q

Modified appendages of skin

A

fur, wool, horns, feathers, hooves

27
Q

Molting

A

shedding feathers in late summer, new for winter

28
Q

Forced molting

A

using altered light durations to bring an older flock back into lay

29
Q

Cloven hoof animals

A

cattle, goats, sheep, swine

30
Q

Non cloven hoof animals (and breed exception)

A

horses, camels, mule foot swine

31
Q

Claws and Horns roles (2)

A

Defence and temperature regulation

32
Q

Difference between antler and horn attachment

A

Antler: part of skull
Horn: connected with connective tissue

33
Q

Combs and wattle role

A

Decorative to attract female

34
Q

Functions of skeletal system

A

form and support
locomotion
protection
produce red blood cells

35
Q

Outer layer of bone is made of

A

Tricalcium phosphate
Collagen
Chondroitin Sulfate

36
Q

Inner layer of bone

A

Bone marrow

37
Q

2 types of bone marrow

A

yellow: mostly fat
red: blood and platelet formation

38
Q

What is missing in diets when leg weakness/lameness happens. Some common diet additives for this

A

adequate calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D
limestone, alfalfa

39
Q

Prepartum diets in dairy cattle are designed to

A

Increase Ca Absorption
Decrease renal Ca excretion
Increase bone mobilization

40
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

Skull
Vertebral Column
Rib cage

41
Q

Appendicular Skeleton (2 parts)

A

Pectoral Limb (front)
Pelvic Limb (rear)

42
Q

Structure of vertebrae

A

Spinal process
Arch surrounding spinal cord
Transverse process (what taryn broke i think)
Body

43
Q

Types of vertebra (5)

A

Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal

44
Q

Top Cervical Vertebrae
Purpose

A

Atlas
Axial
Facilitate neck movement

45
Q

Thoracic Vertebrae

A

Largest portion of spine forming the shoulder region
Connected to ribs

46
Q

Lumbar Vertebrae

A

Long transverse processes (TBone steak)

47
Q

Sacral Vertebrae

A

Fused to form wedge shaped bone
joins with pelvis

48
Q

Coccygeal Vertebrae

A

Forms tail
Number varies between species and breed

49
Q

Hip cut comes from

A

Hip and back leg

50
Q

Sirloin/loin comes from

A

Lumbar vertebrae

51
Q

Rib cut comes from

A

Thoracic vertebrae

52
Q

Chuck cut comes from

A

Cervical vertebrae

53
Q

Brisket/shank comes from

A

ulna, radius, brisket

54
Q

Flank/plate comes from

A

Sternum area

55
Q

Ideal BSC

A

3

56
Q

BCS Scale

A

1-5

57
Q

Sternum gives floor to _____, attachment to ____

A

thorax
true ribs

58
Q

False ribs

A

breed/species dependent
arent connected to sternum

59
Q

Pectoral limbs are made up of (7)

A

Scapula
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges

60
Q

Perissodactyl

A

odd toed
Horse

61
Q

Artiodactyl

A

even toed
cow

62
Q

Pelvic limbs are made up of (7)

A

Pelvic girdle
Femur
Tibia
Fibia
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges

63
Q

Pelvic Girdle is made up of (3)

A

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

64
Q
A

Ansc 212 (13 decks)

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