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Year 13 F Block > Physiology: Energy Systems > Flashcards

Physiology: Energy Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Identify the 6 energy sources

A

ATP
PC
Carbohydrates/glycogen
Fats
Protein
Lactic acid

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2
Q

Identify the 3 main energy sources used by a 400m runner.

A

1.ATP
2.PC
3.Lactic acid

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3
Q

Identify the main energy sources used by a marathon runner

A

ATP-PC
Carbohydrates
Fats

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4
Q

Which enzyme breaks down ATP?

A

ATPase

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5
Q

What is ATP broken down into?

A

ADP + P + Energy

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6
Q

When ATP is broken down, what is the energy used for?

A

Muscular contractions

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7
Q

Which enzyme detects high levels of ADP?

A

Creatine kinase

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8
Q

How long does the ATP-PC system last for?

A

8 seconds

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9
Q

What intensity is the ATP-PC system used for?

A

High intensity

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10
Q

What energy system is used for a 100m sprint?

A

ATP-PC

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11
Q

What is PC broken down into?

A

P + C + Energy

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12
Q

When PC is broken down, what is the energy used for?

A

To resynthesise ATP

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13
Q

Identify 3 advantages of the ATP-PC system

A

Rapid release of energy
Rapid resynthesis of ATP
No waste product

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14
Q

Identify 3 disadvantages of the ATP-PC system

A

Limited store of PC
Only lasts for 8 seconds
Full recovery takes 3 minutes

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15
Q

How long does the lactate anaerobic system last for?

A

3 minutes

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16
Q

What intensity is the lactate anaerobic system used for?

A

High intensity

17
Q

What is the energy source for the lactate anaerobic system?

A

Carbohydrates

18
Q

What is glycogen broken down to form?

A

Glucose

19
Q

What is glucose broken down into?

A

Pyruvate

20
Q

In the lactate anaerobic system, what is pyruvate broken down into?

A

Lactic acid

21
Q

Why is pyruvate broken down into lactic acid in the lactate anaerobic system?

A

As there is no oxygen present

22
Q

How many ATP are resynthesised as a result of the lactate anaerobic system?

A

2

23
Q

What is the energy used for in the lactate anaerobic system?

A

To resynthesise ATP

24
Q

What is a key disadvantage of the lactate anaerobic system?

A

Lactic acid is produced

25
Q

How long can aerobic respiration last?

A

Forever

26
Q

What is the first process of aerobic respiration called?

A

Glycolysis

27
Q

How many ATP are resynthesised during glycolysis?

A

2

28
Q

In aerobic respiration, what is pyruvate oxidised to form?

A

Acetyl-coA

29
Q

What does acetyl-coA enter?

A

The Krebs cycle

30
Q

How much energy is produced in the Krebs Cycle?

A

Enough to resynthesise 2 ATP

31
Q

Do carbohydrates or fats yield more energy?

A

Fats

32
Q

Which energy system provides the majority of energy for a marathon?

A

Aerobic respiration

33
Q

Which energy system provides the majority of energy for a 400m race?

A

Lactate anaerobic system

Year 13 F Block (42 decks)

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