Physiology: carbohydrate & protein digestion

Question 1

what is digestion

Answer 1

enzymatic conversion of complex dietary substances to a form that can be absorbed

Question 2

where does digestion mainly occur and what type of digestion

Answer 2

in small intestine as luminal or membrane

Question 3

what is luminal digestion mediated by

Answer 3

pancreatic enzymes secreted into the duodenum

Question 4

what is membrane digestion mediated by

Answer 4

enzymes situated at brush border of epithelial cells

Question 5

describe the process of absorption in digestion

Answer 5

absorbable products of digestion are transferred across both the apical and basolateral membranes of enterocytes

Question 6

what are enterocytes

Answer 6

absorptive cells of intestinal epithelium

Question 7

what is the overall process of digestion and absorption called

Answer 7

assimilation

Question 8

what type of digestion mechanism would the breakdown of polymers to monomers be due to

Answer 8

luminal hydrolysis

Question 9

what type of digestion mechanism would the breakdown of oligomers to monomers be due to

Answer 9

brushborder hydrolysis

Question 10

what is a polysaccharide and give an example

Answer 10

= polymer of glucose

example = starch or glycogen

Question 11

give an example of an oligomer

Answer 11

sucrose or lactose

Question 12

give an example of a monosaccharide

Answer 12

glucose or fructose

Question 13

what must happen to all dietary carbohydrate for absorption to occur

Answer 13

must be converted to monosaccharides

Question 14

what type of digestion mechanism would the breakdown of starch to oligosaccharides be due to

Answer 14

intraluminal hydrolysis