Pharmacology: drug action & gastric acid secretion

Question 1

describe the action of antacids

Answer 1

buffer HCl

Question 2

describe the effect of antacids on gastric secretion

Answer 2

reduce symptoms of excessive gastric acid secretion

Question 3

what does NSAIDs stand for

Answer 3

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Question 4

describe the action of NSAIDs

Answer 4

disrupt production of prostaglandins, by inhibitng COX-1

Question 5

describe the effect of NSAIDs on gastric secretion

Answer 5

results in secretion of histamine, promoting HCl secretion

Question 6

give an example of an antacid

Answer 6

gaviscon

Question 7

what is misoprostol

Answer 7

an analogue of prostoglandin E1

Question 8

what is misoprostol indicated for

Answer 8

prophylaxis of NSAID-induced peptic ulcers

Question 9

what are 2 side effects of misoprostol

Answer 9

abdominal pain + diarrhoea

Question 10

give an example of a proton pump inhibitor(PPI)

Answer 10

omeprazole or lansoprazole

Question 11

describe the action of PPIs and effect on gastric acids

Answer 11

irreversibly inhibit H+/K+ ATPase pump, reduces HCl secretion

Question 12

give 2 indications for PPIs

Answer 12

GORD, NSAID-associated gastric ulceration

Question 13

give 2 side effects of PPIs

Answer 13

increase stomach pH, reduce GI tract defences against infection

Question 14

give an example of a histamine H2 receptor antagonist

Answer 14

ranitidine

Question 15

describe the action and effect on gastric acid secretion of histamine H2 receptor antagonists

Answer 15

blocks H2 receptor, reducing HCl

Question 16

give an indication for histamine H2 receptor antagonists

Answer 16

NSAID-associated gastric ulceration