Photosynthesis (Lecture 7) Flashcards
Conversion of light energy to chemical energy and the storage of that energy in the form of carbon based molecules (sugars)
Photosynthesis
Organisms that use light as an energy source to produce glucose
Photoautotrophs
Ingredients for Photosythesis
6 CO2 - Carbon Dioxide
12 H2O - Water
Products of Photosynthesis
C6 H12 O6 - Glucose
6 O2 - Oxygen
6 H2O - Water
Longer Wavelengths
More or Less energy?
Less Energy
Shorter Wavelengths
More or Less Energy?
More Energy
Molecules that absorb some wavelengths of light while reflecting others
Pigments
Which color pigment reflects all wavelengths of light and absorbs none?
White Pigments
Which color pigment absorbs all wavelengths of light and reflects none?
Black Pigments
Which color of pigments are the primary pigments of most plants and algae
Green Pigments
The name of the primary green pigment for plants and algae
Chlorophylls
The name of the red, orange, and yellow accessory pigments of most plants and algae
Carotenoids
Cells in the middle of a leaf that contain chloroplasts and therefore photosynthesize
Mesophyll Cells
Pores in the lower epidermis that allow for the intake of carbon dioxide and the release of oxygen
Stomata
Cells that surround the stomata and therefore regulate the gas exchange by changing the diameter of the stomata
Guard Cells
Single cell later covering on the top and on the bottom of a leaf
Epidermis
Layer of wax produced by the epidermis that prevents against water loss
Cuticle
Double membrane covering the chloroplast
Chloroplast envelope
Disk-shaped structures that are covered by photosynthetic pigments
Thylakoid disks
A stack of thylakoid disks
Granum
The energy-rich fluid of the chloroplast
Stroma
What are the Light Reactions (or Phosphorylation) in Photosynthesis? Where do they occur?
Photosystem II
Electron Transport Chain
Photosystem I
The occur along the Thylakoid Disks
What are the Dark Reactions in Photosynthesis? Where do they Occur?
Calvin Cycle
Benson Cycle
Occurs in the stroma
A group of pigment molecules in an integral protein of a Thylakoid Membrane that trap a specific wavelength of light
A Photosystem
Where is light energy collected in Photosystems transferred to?
Available electrons
This Photosystem includes Reactions Center P680
Photosystem II
During which Photosystem does light energy cause water molecules to split into Oxygen, H+, and elecrons?
Photosystem II
What receives electrons from Photosystem II in a process similar to what is seen in Anaerobic Cellular Respiration?
The Electron Transport Chain
The electrons in the Electron Transport Chain release their energy in through a series of proteins. What does this allow the Synthesis of? Where will it be released?
The synthesis of ATP
It will be released in the Stroma
This Photosystem includes reactions center P700
Photosystem I
The light energy absorbed from this photocenter allows for the re-energizing of the electrons that are received from the Electron Transport Chain
Photosystem I
After being re-energized in Photosystem I, the electrons are passed to these temporary electron carrier molecules
NADPH
What three products are produced during Light Reactions (Photophosphorylation)
Oxygen, ATP, and NADPH
Where does the Calvin Cycle occur?
The Stroma
What two ingredients does the Calvin Cycle require that the Light Reactions produce?
ATP and NADPH
What single ingredient does the Calvin Cycle require that is NOT produced by the Light Reactions?
Carbon Dioxide
CO2
What is the goal of the Calvin Cycle?
The produce Glucose
