Bio 105 Lab Lecture 3 Flashcards
The smallest chemical unit of matter
Atom
Binding interactions between atoms
Chemical bond
Sharing electrons between polar atoms
Polar Covalent Bond
A special Polar Covalent Bond involving hydrogen atoms. The most common example is water molecules
Hydrogen Bond
Polar or Nonpolar: Hydrophobic
Nonpolar
Polar of Nonpolar: Hydrophilic
Polar
A very large molecule, usually consisting of repeated subunits called monomers
Macromolecule
The forming of Macromolecules by removing water
Dehydration Synthesis
The breaking down of Macromolecules by adding water
Hydrolysis
The four types of Macromolecules
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrate monomers
Monosaccharides and Disaccharides
Lipid Monomers
Glycerol and Fatty Acids
Protein Monomers
Amino Acids
Nucleic Acid Monomers
Nucleotides
Which reagent is used specifically to detect Mono and Disaccharides
Benedict’s Test
What color indicates a positive result for Benedict’s Test? Negative Result?
Positive: Red
Negative: Blue
What reagent is used to test of Polysaccharides such as Starch?
Lugol’s Iodine
What color is a positive result for Lugol’s Iodine? Negative Result?
Positive: Black / Dark Blue
Negative: Yellow / Orange
The name of multiple amino acids chained together before being coiled into a protein
Peptide
Name of the bond between amino acids being chained together
Peptide Bond
What reagent is used to detect proteins
Biuret’s Test
What is the color of a positive result for a Biuret’s Test? Negative Result?
Positive: Purple
Negative: Blue
Type of Lipid chained together with only SINGLE bonds
Saturated Fats
Type of Lipid chained together with BOTH single and double bonds
Unsaturated Fats
What reagent is used to detect the presence of Lipids
Tween
What type of material is Tween?
An emulsifier
What denotes a negative Tween test? A positive one?
Negative: Two clearly separated liquids
Positive: A homogeneous, cloudy mixture with no separations
