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Bio 120 (university) > Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Photosynthesis Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Dark reactions are also known as the

A

Calvin cycle or light independent reactions

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2
Q

Respiration equation

A

C6 H12 O6 + 6 H2O + 6 O2 ——–> 6 CO2 + 12 H2O

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3
Q

What is oxidized and what is reduced in respiration

A
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4
Q

Photosynthesis equation

A

6 CO2 + 12 H2O ——–> C6 H12 O6 + 6 H2O + 6 O2

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5
Q

What is oxidized and reduced in photosynthesis

A
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6
Q

pH of stroma relative to lumen

A

stroma = high pH
lumen = low pH

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7
Q

stroma

A

liquid environment inside the inner membrane

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8
Q

grana

A

stack fo disks

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9
Q

thylakoid membranes

A

flattened internal membrane compartments

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10
Q

tubular lamella

A

connection between the granas

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11
Q

thylakoid lumen

A

inside the thylakoids

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12
Q

2 stages of photosynthesis

A

-Light dependent reactions
-light-independent reactions

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13
Q

-Light dependent reactions (3)

A

-capture of light energy by pigment
molecules and energy used to synthesize both ATP and NADPH.
-Occurs in the grana
-split water, release O2, produce ATP and NADPH

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14
Q

Light-independent (3)

A

-electrons carried by NADPH and ATP used to covert CO2 from inorganic to organic
-Occurs in the stroma
-Glucose produced and Glyceraldehyde three phosphate

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15
Q

3 Outcomes of when light hits a pigment molecule

A

-Energy results in heat
-Fluorescence
-Chemical reaction`

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16
Q

inductive resonance

A

-Energy from an excited electron in a pigment molecule is transferred to a neighbouring pigment molecule

17
Q

photosystems (2)

A

-clumps of 200-300 pigment molecules that pass energy onto a reaction center molecule and trigger a light reaction
-Composed of a large antenna complex of pigments that surround the central reaction centre

18
Q

what is used in Chemiosmotic synthesis of ATP

A

chloroplast ATP synthase

19
Q

proton-motive force

A

establishes across thylakoid membrane utilized to synthesize ATP by chemiosmosis

20
Q

cyclic electron transport (3)

A

-Photosystem I can also operate independently of photosystem II by using cyclic electron flow
-Keeps moving protons across thylakoid membrane without the involvement of photosystem II
-Cyclic phosphorylation happens predominantly in isolated chloroplasts and bacteria

21
Q

3 reactions from the light dependent

A

-Oxidation of water
-Reduction of NADP+
-Formation of ATP

22
Q

What is G3P

A

starting point of synthesis for most organic molecules

23
Q

carbon fixation

A

captures CO2 molecules with the enzyme rubisco

24
Q

reduction

A

NADPH and ATP convert 3PGA into G3P (higher energy molecule that builds sugars)

25
Q

regeneration

A

Remaining G3P are used to recreate the starting RuBP

26
Q

RUBISCO (3)

A

catalyzes 2 different reactions by
-Adding CO2 to ribulose biphosphate is known as carboxylase activity
-Adding O2 to ribulose biphosphate is known as the oxygenase activity
- transforms ribulose-5-phosphate and carbon dioxide into 3-carbon 3-phosphoglycarates

27
Q

As temp rises balance of air between _____ and ______ changes and the carboxylase reaction is ____ dominant

A

O2
CO2
less

28
Q

C3 and C4 plants (perform C/B cycle)

A

both yes

29
Q

C3 and C4 plants (primary carbon acceptor)

A

C3: RUBP
C4: PEP

30
Q

C3 and C4 plants (CO2 fixing enzyme)

A

C3: Rubisco
C4: PEP carboxylase

31
Q

C3 and C4 plants (1st product CO2 fixation)

A

C3: 3PG
C4: Oxaloacetate

32
Q

C3 and C4 plants (affinity of carboxylase for CO2)

A

C3: moderate
C4: high

33
Q

C3 and C4 plants (leaf anatomy - photosynthetic cells)

A

C3: mesophyll
C4: mesophyll and bundle sheath

34
Q

C3 and C4 plants (classes of chloroplasts)

A

C3: one
C4: two

35
Q

C3 and C4 plants (photorespiration)

A

C3: extensive
C4: minimal

Bio 120 (university) (14 decks)

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