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NPLEX II - Lynda > Pharmacology Group 3 > Flashcards

Pharmacology Group 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a commonly prescribed pharmaceutical with the following conditions?
Hypertension (esp. w/ high renin activity), edema, hypervolemia, CHF, chronic renal failure, and diabetic neuropathy

A

Lisinopril

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2
Q

Which pharmaceutical works as an ACE-inhibitor which suppresses synthesis of angiotensin II, is a potent vasoconstrictor, and interferes with aldosterone production?

A

Lisinopril

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3
Q

What are 11 adverse effects associated with use of Lisinopril?

A
  1. Dry cough
  2. Rash
  3. Fever
  4. Dizziness
  5. Headache
    - “Scalded mouth” syndrome (loss of taste w/metallic taste)
    - Neutropenia (higher risk when renal function is impaired)
    - Proteinuria
    - Nephrotic syndrome (in otherwise healthy hypertensives)
    - Severe hypotension after first dose in CHF
    - Renal artery stenosis
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4
Q

What are 4 contraindications for use of Lisinopril?

A
  1. Bone marrow suppression
  2. Renal artery stenosis
  3. Hyperkalemia
  4. Low-renin HTN
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5
Q

What is the pregnancy class for Lisinopril?

A

Preg D

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6
Q

T/F: Antacids and NSAIDS interfere with Lisinopril

A

True

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7
Q

Capsaicin exacerbates _________ associated with Lisinopril use.

A

Cough

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8
Q

T/F: Lisinopril decreases Digoxin and Lithium levels and toxicity

A

FALSE! Lisinopril INCREASES Digoxin and Lithium levels and toxicity

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9
Q

T/F: There is a high risk of hyperkalemia with concomitant use of Lisinopril with potassium-sparing diuretics

A

True

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10
Q

T/F: Probenecid decreases Captopril levels

A

FALSE! Probenecid INCREASES Captopril levels

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11
Q

What is a monitoring parameter for Lisinopril use?

A

Monitor UA for proteinuria

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12
Q

How is Lisinopril administered? What should dosing be with regards to food (with or without)?

A

Orally, taken AWAY from food

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13
Q

What is another pharmaceutical that fits in with the following medications?
Candesartan, Eprosartan, Irbesartan, Losartan, Olmesartan, and Telmisartan

A

Valsartan

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14
Q

Which pharmaceutical is associated with the following conditions?
HTN (esp. w/ high renin activity), CHF, post-MI, diabetic neuropathy

A

Valsartan

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15
Q

What is the action of Valsartan?

A

Angiotensin II receptor blocker

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16
Q

What are 4 adverse effects associated with use of Valsartan?

A
  1. Headache
  2. Dizziness
  3. Photosensitivity
  4. Might increase MI risk
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17
Q

What is a contraindication associated with Valsartan?

A

Low-renin HTN

18
Q

What is the monitoring parameter for use of Valsartan?

19
Q

How is Valsartan administered?

20
Q

Which pharmaceutical is associated with the following conditions?
HTN (either alone or in combination with diuretics, cardiac glycosides, ACE inhibitors, or calcium agonists) and BPH symptoms

21
Q

What is the action of Clonidine?

A

Alpha-adrenergic agonist

22
Q

What are 12 adverse effects associated with Clonidine use?

A
  1. Marked hypotension (w/ first dose)
  2. Syncope (w/ first dose)
  3. Dizziness
  4. Headache
  5. Orthostatic hypotension
  6. Fatigue
  7. Somnolence
  8. Vertigo
  9. Diarrhea
  10. Abdominal pain
  11. Drowsiness
  12. Tachycardia
23
Q

Which condition should take caution with use of Clonidine?

A

Patients with renal impairment

24
Q

What should be ruled out before prescribing Clonidine for symptoms fo BPH?

A

Prostate Cancer

25
Which pregnancy category is Clonidine?
Preg C
26
Hypotensive effects of Clonidine are increased with which types of medications?
1. Beta blockers 2. Diuretics 3. ACE inhibitors 4. Calcium channel blockers 5. Other hypotensives
27
Effects of Clonidine are decreased with which type of medication?
NSAIDS
28
Which 5 herbs should be avoided if using Clonidine?
1. Dong quai 2. Yohimbe 3. Ginseng 4. Garlic 5. Saw palmetto (esp. if using for BPH)
29
What are the monitoring parameters associated with use of Clonidine?
1. Syncope may happen within 90 minutes of first dose 2. BP standing, sitting, supine 3. Mental status 4. HR
30
How is Clonidine administered?
Orally
31
What are 2 specific agents referred to as beta blockers?
1. Atenolol | 2. Propranolol
32
Which type of pharmaceutical is associated with the following conditions? HTN, angina pectoris, post-MI, essential tremor, migraine, cluster headache prevention, and panic disorder
Beta blockers
33
What is the specific action of beta blockers?
Blocks response to beta-adrenergic stimulation
34
What are 9 adverse effects associated with use of beta blockers?
1. Bradycardia 2. Hypotension 3. Glucose/Lipid dymetabolism 4. Dizziness 5. Fatigue 6. Insomnia 7. Constipation 8. Alopecia 9. Sexual dysfunction
35
T/F: Propranolol is rarely used today due to its non-selectivity w/ tendency to cause bronchospasm.
True
36
What are 7 contraindications to using beta blockers?
1. Raynaud's syndrome 2. Asthma (esp. propranolol) 3. Sinus bradycardia 4. Sinus node dysfunction 5. Heart block (other than first-degree) 6. Cardiogenic shock 7. Edema
37
What is the pregnancy class for beta blockers?
Preg C
38
Beta-blockers can increase effects of drugs that slow AV conduction. Which 4 drugs would this include?
1. Digoxin 2. Verapamil 3. Diltiazem 4. Alpha-blockers
39
T/F: Beta blockers can mask tachycardia from hypoglycemia
True
40
T/F: Beta blockers can have increased effects with aluminum salts, barbiturates, NSAIDS, penicillins
FALSE! It has DECREASED effects
41
What are the 5 monitoring parameters associated with beta blockers?
1. BP 2. Pulses 3. Glucose 4. Lipids 5. Energy levels
42
How are beta blockers administered? What happens with abrupt withdrawal?
Orally. Abrupt withdrawal may cause hypertension

NPLEX II - Lynda (29 decks)

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