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NPLEX II - Lynda > Pharmacology Group 3 > Flashcards

Pharmacology Group 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a commonly prescribed pharmaceutical with the following conditions?
Hypertension (esp. w/ high renin activity), edema, hypervolemia, CHF, chronic renal failure, and diabetic neuropathy

A

Lisinopril

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2
Q

Which pharmaceutical works as an ACE-inhibitor which suppresses synthesis of angiotensin II, is a potent vasoconstrictor, and interferes with aldosterone production?

A

Lisinopril

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3
Q

What are 11 adverse effects associated with use of Lisinopril?

A
  1. Dry cough
  2. Rash
  3. Fever
  4. Dizziness
  5. Headache
    - “Scalded mouth” syndrome (loss of taste w/metallic taste)
    - Neutropenia (higher risk when renal function is impaired)
    - Proteinuria
    - Nephrotic syndrome (in otherwise healthy hypertensives)
    - Severe hypotension after first dose in CHF
    - Renal artery stenosis
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4
Q

What are 4 contraindications for use of Lisinopril?

A
  1. Bone marrow suppression
  2. Renal artery stenosis
  3. Hyperkalemia
  4. Low-renin HTN
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5
Q

What is the pregnancy class for Lisinopril?

A

Preg D

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6
Q

T/F: Antacids and NSAIDS interfere with Lisinopril

A

True

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7
Q

Capsaicin exacerbates _________ associated with Lisinopril use.

A

Cough

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8
Q

T/F: Lisinopril decreases Digoxin and Lithium levels and toxicity

A

FALSE! Lisinopril INCREASES Digoxin and Lithium levels and toxicity

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9
Q

T/F: There is a high risk of hyperkalemia with concomitant use of Lisinopril with potassium-sparing diuretics

A

True

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10
Q

T/F: Probenecid decreases Captopril levels

A

FALSE! Probenecid INCREASES Captopril levels

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11
Q

What is a monitoring parameter for Lisinopril use?

A

Monitor UA for proteinuria

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12
Q

How is Lisinopril administered? What should dosing be with regards to food (with or without)?

A

Orally, taken AWAY from food

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13
Q

What is another pharmaceutical that fits in with the following medications?
Candesartan, Eprosartan, Irbesartan, Losartan, Olmesartan, and Telmisartan

A

Valsartan

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14
Q

Which pharmaceutical is associated with the following conditions?
HTN (esp. w/ high renin activity), CHF, post-MI, diabetic neuropathy

A

Valsartan

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15
Q

What is the action of Valsartan?

A

Angiotensin II receptor blocker

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16
Q

What are 4 adverse effects associated with use of Valsartan?

A
  1. Headache
  2. Dizziness
  3. Photosensitivity
  4. Might increase MI risk
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17
Q

What is a contraindication associated with Valsartan?

A

Low-renin HTN

18
Q

What is the monitoring parameter for use of Valsartan?

A

Urine K+

19
Q

How is Valsartan administered?

A

Orally

20
Q

Which pharmaceutical is associated with the following conditions?
HTN (either alone or in combination with diuretics, cardiac glycosides, ACE inhibitors, or calcium agonists) and BPH symptoms

A

Clonidine

21
Q

What is the action of Clonidine?

A

Alpha-adrenergic agonist

22
Q

What are 12 adverse effects associated with Clonidine use?

A
  1. Marked hypotension (w/ first dose)
  2. Syncope (w/ first dose)
  3. Dizziness
  4. Headache
  5. Orthostatic hypotension
  6. Fatigue
  7. Somnolence
  8. Vertigo
  9. Diarrhea
  10. Abdominal pain
  11. Drowsiness
  12. Tachycardia
23
Q

Which condition should take caution with use of Clonidine?

A

Patients with renal impairment

24
Q

What should be ruled out before prescribing Clonidine for symptoms fo BPH?

A

Prostate Cancer

25
Q

Which pregnancy category is Clonidine?

A

Preg C

26
Q

Hypotensive effects of Clonidine are increased with which types of medications?

A
  1. Beta blockers
  2. Diuretics
  3. ACE inhibitors
  4. Calcium channel blockers
  5. Other hypotensives
27
Q

Effects of Clonidine are decreased with which type of medication?

A

NSAIDS

28
Q

Which 5 herbs should be avoided if using Clonidine?

A
  1. Dong quai
  2. Yohimbe
  3. Ginseng
  4. Garlic
  5. Saw palmetto (esp. if using for BPH)
29
Q

What are the monitoring parameters associated with use of Clonidine?

A
  1. Syncope may happen within 90 minutes of first dose
  2. BP standing, sitting, supine
  3. Mental status
  4. HR
30
Q

How is Clonidine administered?

A

Orally

31
Q

What are 2 specific agents referred to as beta blockers?

A
  1. Atenolol

2. Propranolol

32
Q

Which type of pharmaceutical is associated with the following conditions?
HTN, angina pectoris, post-MI, essential tremor, migraine, cluster headache prevention, and panic disorder

A

Beta blockers

33
Q

What is the specific action of beta blockers?

A

Blocks response to beta-adrenergic stimulation

34
Q

What are 9 adverse effects associated with use of beta blockers?

A
  1. Bradycardia
  2. Hypotension
  3. Glucose/Lipid dymetabolism
  4. Dizziness
  5. Fatigue
  6. Insomnia
  7. Constipation
  8. Alopecia
  9. Sexual dysfunction
35
Q

T/F: Propranolol is rarely used today due to its non-selectivity w/ tendency to cause bronchospasm.

A

True

36
Q

What are 7 contraindications to using beta blockers?

A
  1. Raynaud’s syndrome
  2. Asthma (esp. propranolol)
  3. Sinus bradycardia
  4. Sinus node dysfunction
  5. Heart block (other than first-degree)
  6. Cardiogenic shock
  7. Edema
37
Q

What is the pregnancy class for beta blockers?

A

Preg C

38
Q

Beta-blockers can increase effects of drugs that slow AV conduction. Which 4 drugs would this include?

A
  1. Digoxin
  2. Verapamil
  3. Diltiazem
  4. Alpha-blockers
39
Q

T/F: Beta blockers can mask tachycardia from hypoglycemia

A

True

40
Q

T/F: Beta blockers can have increased effects with aluminum salts, barbiturates, NSAIDS, penicillins

A

FALSE! It has DECREASED effects

41
Q

What are the 5 monitoring parameters associated with beta blockers?

A
  1. BP
  2. Pulses
  3. Glucose
  4. Lipids
  5. Energy levels
42
Q

How are beta blockers administered? What happens with abrupt withdrawal?

A

Orally. Abrupt withdrawal may cause hypertension

NPLEX II - Lynda (29 decks)

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