Pharmacology Chapter 19 & 20

Question 0

Endorphins

Answer 0

…are ENDOGENOUS ANALGESICS produced within the body as a reaction to severe pain or intense exercise. i.e. runner’s high

Question 1

Subjective

Answer 1

It can be experienced or perceived only by the individual subject.

Question 2

Placebo Effect

Answer 2

Relief from pain as the result of suggestion w/o the administration of analgesic.

Question 3

Analgesics

Answer 3

…are given to relieve pain. They can be classified as opioids, non-opioids, and adjuvant.

Question 4

Sedatives

Answer 4

…are given to calm, sooth, or produce sedation.

Question 5

Hypnotics

Answer 5

…are given to produce sleep.

Question 6

Endogenous

Answer 6

Produced or originating within a cell or organism.

Question 7

Opioids

Answer 7

…are controlled substances in the US and include both the natural opium alkaloids, like morphine and codeine, and the synthetics, such as meperidine (Demerol) and propoxyphene (Darvon).

Question 8

Tolerance

Answer 8

A larger dose of opioid is needed to achieve the same level of analgesia

Question 9

Dependence

Answer 9

A physical adaptation of the body to the opioid and withdrawal after abrupt drug discontinuation.

Question 10

Co-algesic

Answer 10

Non-opioid analgesic drugs that are combined with opioids for more effective analgesic action in relief of acute or chronic pain.

Question 11

Antipyretic

Answer 11

Medication to reduce fever.

Question 12

Tinnitus

Answer 12

Ringing or roaring in the ears.

Question 13

Adjuvant

Answer 13

A drug added to a prescription to hasten or enhance the action of a principle ingredient.

Question 14

Paradoxical

Answer 14

Opposite effect from that expected.

Question 15

Psychotropic

Answer 15

Refers to any substance that acts on the mind.

Question 16

SNRI - Selective Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor -

Answer 16

Antidepressants that block the reabsorption of serotonin, thus helping to restore the brain’s chemical balance.

Question 17

Antidepressant

Answer 17

Medication used to treat patients w/various types of depression - mood elevators.

Question 18

Neurotransmittors

Answer 18

Substances that travel across the synaptic gap of 2 nerve cells, carrying a message from one to the other.

Question 19

SSRI -Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

Answer 19

Antidepressants that blocks the reabsorption of of serotonin, thus helping to restore the brain’s chemistry.

Question 20

Tricyclics

Answer 20

Antidepressants that elevate the mood, have a mild sedative effect and increase appetite.

Question 21

Heterocyclic

Answer 21

Second generation cyclic antidepressant with very different adverse affect profiles.

Question 22

Bipolar Disorder

Answer 22

Manic-Depressive mental disorder in which mood fluctuates from one extreme to the other.

Question 23

Anxiolytics

Answer 23

Anti anxiety medications are sometimes referred to as anxiolytics or minor tranquilizers

Question 24

Ataxia

Answer 24

Defective muscular coordination, especially w/voluntary muscular movements, i.e. walking

Question 25

Antipsychotic

Answer 25

Major tranquilizers used to relieve symptoms of psychosis or severe neuroses.

Question 26

Extrapyramidal Side Effects -EPS

Answer 26

Disorder of the brain characterized by tremors, parkinsonlike symptoms etc.

Question 27

Tardive Dyskinesia - TD

Answer 27

Slow, rhythmical, stereotypical, involuntary movements such as tics.

Question 28

Atypical Antipsychotics

Answer 28

A newer class of anti psychotics with less potential for adverse effects such as TD, and EPS.

Question 29

Addiction

Answer 29

Physical and/or psychological dependence on a substance, alcohol or drugs, with use of increasing amounts (tolerance)
And withdrawal reactions

Question 30

Chemical Dependency

Answer 30

A condition in which alcohol or drugs have taken control of an individual’s life and affect normal functioning.