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Neuropsychopharmacology > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Define action potential

A

the electrical/chemical way info is transmitted from cell to cell

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2
Q

at rest the neuron contains which elements

A

outside is excess sodium, inside is excess potassium

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3
Q

What creates action potential

A

when a stimulant is sufficient enough to cause the sodium and potassium to switch places

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4
Q

Where are neurotransmitters released to

A

the synaptic cleft

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5
Q

Name two things that can happen when a neurotransmitter is released

A

it can bind to adjacent dendrites or reuptake occurs

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6
Q

what happens when dendrites capture neurotransmitters

A

the flow of information is continued

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7
Q

what happens in the reuptake process

A

the neurotransmitters such as serotonin do not make it to the other neuron, instead they are sucked back into the terminal buttons

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8
Q

which neurotransmitter is low in depression

A

serotonin

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9
Q

What do SSRI’s do

A

inhibits reuptake of serotonin so that more serotonin can make it to the adjacent neuron

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10
Q

Define agonist

A

anything that enhances the effect of the neurotransmitter

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11
Q

Define antagonist

A

anything that inhibits the neurotransmitter effect

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12
Q

Define excitatory neurotransmitter

A

increases likelihood of action potential

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13
Q

Name three excitatory neurotransmitters

A

acetylcholine, epinephrine, glutamate

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14
Q

Define inhibitory neurotransmitters

A

decreases likelihood of action potential

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15
Q

Name two inhibitory neurotransmitters

A

GABA, endorphins

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16
Q

What are the most common neurotransmitters in the brain

A

acetylcholine and glutamate

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17
Q

Which neurotransmitter aids in voluntary movement, memory, and cognition

A

acetylcholine

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18
Q

What structure of the brain is acetylcholine active in

A

the hippocampus

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19
Q

Dementia/Alzheimers is a result of a deficiency of which neurotransmitter

A

acetylcholine

20
Q

Name two catecholamines

A

dopamine and norepinephrine

21
Q

Which catecholamine is involved in movement, thinking, and emotion

A

dopamine

22
Q

Which neurotransmitter is linked to the reward system of the brain

A

dopamine

23
Q

Are traditional antipsychotics antagonists or agonists

A

antagonists- block dopamine receptors

24
Q

What is the process called if a neurotransmitter is blocked

A

reuptake

25
Q

Second generation antipsychotics are agonists of which neurotransmitters

A

dopamine and serotonin, they block the dopamine receptors

26
Q

Parkinsons results from degeneration of the neurons that transmit dopamine

A

true

27
Q

What is L-Dopa treatment

A

dopamine agonist, enhances dopamine in the brain

28
Q

Norepinephrine (or noradrenaline) is involved with what

A

mood, sleep, and pain

29
Q

depression is a result of

A

deficiencies of norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

30
Q

mania is a result of

A

excess norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

31
Q

Serotonin is involved in

A

many things; mood, sleep, appetite, aggression, pain, perception, sexual activity

32
Q

dysregulation of which neurotransmitter is associated with suicidality and impulsivity

A

serotonin

33
Q

Too little serotonin usually results in what

A

mood disorder

34
Q

name three amino acids

A

GABA, glycine, glutamate

35
Q

Name two major inhibitory neurotransmitters (calming effect)

A

GABA and glycine

36
Q

Too little GABA results in which disorders

A

anxiety disorders and seizure disorders

37
Q

What type of medication is a GABA agonist

A

Benzodiazepines

38
Q

In addition to dopamine, which neurotransmitter is implicated in schizophrenia, OCD, autism, and depression

A

glutamate

39
Q

What are enkephalins and endorphins

A

bodies of opioids

40
Q

Are opioids natural pain killers

A

yes

41
Q

define lipid soluble

A

capability of substance to dissolve in lipids (fats and oils)

42
Q

generic drugs have the exact same pharmacological effects as brand name drugs T/F

A

true

43
Q

which schedule of drug has the highest potential for abuse and have no medical qualities

A

schedule 1

44
Q

schedule 2 drugs do not have potential for abuse and dependence T/F

A

false, they have high potential for abuse and dependence and have SOME medicinal qualities

45
Q

What schedule drug is meth considered

A

schedule 2

46
Q

How many schedules of drugs are there

A

5

47
Q

Drugs are scheduled based on what

A

their potential for abuse

Neuropsychopharmacology (14 decks)

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