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1MRCPCH FOP and TAS > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What is an irreversible side effect of tetracyclines?

A

Teeth staining

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2
Q

How does montelukast work?

A

Blocks action of leukotriene D4 in the lungs which decreases inflammation and relaxes smooth muscle

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3
Q

How does rituximab work and what conditions is it used for?

A

Binds to CD20 on B cells
Used in Hodgkins lymphoma and some vasculitides

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4
Q

How does vigabatrin work?

A

Analogue of GABA which inhibits GABA aminotransferase
Has a seizure suppression effect

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5
Q

How does cyclophosphamide work?

A

Chemotherapeutic agent which causes cell apoptosis when it breaks down to its metabolite phosphoralide mustard

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5
Q

Which chemotherapy agent has the side effect of haemorrhagic cyctitis?

A

Cyclophosphamide

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6
Q

How does vincristine work?

A

Vinca alkaloid chemotherapeutic agent which acts through inhibiting microtubule activity

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7
Q

Which chemotherapy drug causes peripheral neuropathy?

A

Vincristine

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7
Q

How does doxorubicin work?

A

Anthracycline chemotherapy drug which acts through inhibition of topoisomerase II (allows uncoiling of DNA in preparation for transcription)

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8
Q

Which chemotherapy agent is known to be cardiotoxic?

A

Doxorubicin

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9
Q

How does blinatumomab work and what is it used for?

A

Targets the CD19 antigen on B-cells
Used in treatment of refractory B cell leukaemia

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9
Q

Which biological agent works by inhibiting IgE?

A

Omalizumab

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9
Q

How does inflixamab work?

A

Inhibits TNF-alpha

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9
Q

Which type of antibiotic is known for its QTc prolongation?

A

Macrolides

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10
Q

How do PPIs work?

A

Inhibit the H+-K+-ATP pump in the gastric parietal cells

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11
Q

How does lamotrigine prevent seizures?

A

Prolongs sodium channel inactivation to prevent membrane depolarisation and subsequent seizure activity

12
Q

How does metformin work to lower blood sugars?

A

Decreased gluconeogenesis and increase peripheral utilisation of glucose

13
Q

How does insulin function to reduce blood sugar levels?

A

Enhances glucose uptake and cell metabolism

13
Q

How does gliclazide work to lower blood sugar levels?

A

Augments insulin secretion from functioning B pancreatic cells

13
Q

How does risperidone work?

A

It is a D2, 5-HT, alpha-1, histamine-1 antagonist

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1MRCPCH FOP and TAS (11 decks)

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