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Medicine exam > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Doxycycline MOA

A

30s ribosomal subunit

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2
Q

Cisapride MOA

A

5HT-4 agonist

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3
Q

Gabapentin MOA

A

Inhibition of voltage-gated Ca channels

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4
Q

Ondansetron MOA

A

5HT-3 antagonist

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5
Q

Cyclosporine MOA

A

Binds and form complex with cyclophilin which inhibits calcineurin/NFAT (nuclear activated T cells) which decreases T-cell inflammatory cytokine production IL-2

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6
Q

Enrofloxacin MOA

A

DNA gyrase inhibitor

Topo II and DNA gyrase

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7
Q

Location of nephrotoxicity for gentamicin

A

Proximal tubule

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8
Q

Aspirin MOA

A

COX inhibition (irreversible)

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9
Q

Drug that decrease CSF production?

A

Omeprazole - questionable

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10
Q

Effects of diuretics:

A

Loop - thick ascending limb loop of helm
Thiazide - distal convoluted tubule
Spiro/K-sparing - collecting duct

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11
Q

Side effect of misoprostol?

A

Abortion in humans

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12
Q

You give diazepam to a boxer and it starts to have neurological signs, what to you give it?

A

Flumazenil (reversal)

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13
Q

Which antibiotics penetrate prostate?

A

TMS, chloramphenicol and enrofloxacin

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14
Q

What do you need to determine drug dose in an animal?

A

Volume of distribution

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15
Q

Which drug can cause clinical signs of hypothyroidism?

A

TMS

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16
Q

Chloramphenicol toxicity?

A

Bone marrow

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17
Q

Pred:Dex ratio

A

7

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18
Q

Cox specificity for firocoxib?

A

COX-2

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19
Q

What is phase II drug metabolism?

A

Glucuronidation

20
Q

Diazoxide MOA?

A

Inhibition of closure of ATP-dependent K+ channels in beta-cells which inhibits depolarization and thus inhibits insulin release.

21
Q

Oclacitinib side effects (and MOA)?

What is Oclatinib?

A

Oclatinib is apoquel
Indication: pruritus and atopic dermatitis
MOA: synthetic Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitor
SE: Diarrhea

22
Q

Propantheline MOA?

A

?

Antimuscarinic

23
Q

Proin MOA

What is Proin?

A

Phenylpropanolamine - alpha agonist at the urethral sphincter (little bit beta too)

24
Q

What is a way to decrease antibiotic resistance?

A

Changing to narrow spectrum after C&S (vs decreased duration/increased dose)

25
Q

Lidocaine MOA

A

NA channel blocker

26
Q

Amoxicillin MOA

A

Target cell wall synthesis, inhibit PG cross linking by competitively inhibiting transpeptidase enzyme

27
Q

Clopidogrel MOA

A

Irreversible binding to P2Y12 receptor - inhibits platelets aggregation

28
Q

First pass metabolism

A

Rectal administration

29
Q

How to treat ivermectin toxicity?

A

IV lipids

30
Q

What is an antibiotic that concentrates in urine?

A

Ampi

31
Q

Erythromycin MOA

A

50s

32
Q

Heparin MOA

A

Antithrombin (potentiates)

33
Q

Leflunomide MOA

A

Reversible inhibition of the mitochondrial enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), inhibits de novo synthesis of pyrimidines

34
Q

Capromorelin MOA?

A

Ghrelin agonist

35
Q

What is the enzyme that is inhibited by trilostane?

A

3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B2)

36
Q

What would you give to a patient with a positive atropine response test?

A

Propantheline

37
Q

Sulfonamide MOA?

A

Inhibit folate synthesis

38
Q

Baytril MOA

A

Topo II and DNA gyrase

39
Q

What is neostigmine?

A 
Cholinesterase inhibitor (anticholinesterase) to treat myasthenia gravis
More potent and shorter acting than pyridostigmine
40
Q

What would you treat a polycythemia (HCT 75%) patient with?

A

Hydroxyurea

41
Q

What is orlistat and what is its mechanism of action?

A

Weight loss mechanism
Decreased absorption of lipids from intestinal tract and increased satiety
Reversible inhibition of the gastric and pancreatic lipases so basically you don’t digest fat.

42
Q

Maropitant MOA

A

NK-1 antagonist

43
Q

Which medication can be used as a pro kinetic thanks to its acetylcholinesterase activity?

A

Neostigmine

44
Q

What makes glargine long acting?

A

Formation of crystals in the SQ

45
Q

Why is the lipid form of amphotericin B less nephrotoxic?

A

Less interaction with cholesterol in kidneys

Medicine exam (14 decks)

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