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Medicine exam > Penn > Flashcards

Penn Flashcards

1
Q

What T cell type activates eosinophils?

A

Th2

T helper

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2
Q

NK cell cytokine?

A

IFN-gamma

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3
Q

Delayed type IV hypersensitivity is mediated by what kind of cells?

A

T cell mediated

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4
Q

What are the respective CD types of MHC I and MHC II?

A

MHC II -> CD4+

MHC I -> CD8+

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5
Q

Pyrogenic/fever cytokines

A

IL-1, IL-6, TNFa (IL-2?)

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6
Q

What is: Alpha2 macroglobulin?

A

Large protease inhibitor

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7
Q

B cell markers? (As in B cell lymphoma)

A

CD45 (all leukocytes), CD21, CD79

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8
Q

MHC associated with APCs? (antigen presenting cells)

A

MHC II

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9
Q

What are leukotrienes and how do they influence mast cells?

A

Leukotrienes are inflammatory mediators released by the cell. The stimulate release of chemokines from mast cells.

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10
Q

Test for chronic masticatory muscle myositis?

A

2M antibody test

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11
Q

Most common acute phase protein in the cat?

A

Definitely: SAA (serum amyloid A), alpha-1 acid glycoprotein
Maybe: Haptoglobin, CRP

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12
Q

False positive for proteinuria?

A

Alkaline urine

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13
Q

Ureteral obstruction cat tx?

A

Sx vs SUB

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14
Q

Persistent UPC of 0.5 with IRIS stage 3 cat tx?

UPS > 0.5, repeatable, recheck UCS is negative

A

Start enalapril

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15
Q

Diet for calcium oxalate?

A

Promote hydration

+ potassium citrate?

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16
Q

What protein is highest with UPC of 6.5?

A

Albumin

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17
Q

Effect of PTH on Ca in kidneys?

A

Reabsorption

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18
Q

What nerve innervates the external urethral sphincter?

A

Pudendal

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19
Q

Glomerular disease least responsive to immunosuppression?

A

Amyloid vs FSGS

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20
Q

Polyuria in CKD - type of diuresis?

A

Osmotic diuresis

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21
Q

Pythium mode of transmission?

A

Enters through the wounds in skin

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22
Q

Merozoites cause what reaction with Babesia?

A

Hemolysis

23
Q

What are the reservoirs of Staph aureus?

A

Horses and dogs

24
Q

Treatment for cytauxzoon?

A

Azithromycin and atovoquone

25
Q

Treatment for Babesia Gibsoni?

Treatment for Babesia Canis?

A

Gibsoni: Atovoquone and azithromycin
Canis: Imidocarb

26
Q

Treatment for tritrichomonas?

A

Ronidazole

27
Q

Gram negative pleural effusion in a cat? Agent and tx

A

Pasteurella, amoxicillin

28
Q

Acid fast positive pleural effusion? Agent and treatment?

A

Nocardia, TMS

29
Q

What enzyme converts H2O2 to bactericidal bleach?

A

Myeloperoxidase

30
Q

What agent would cause morulae in a neutrophil?

A

A. phagocytophilum

31
Q

Toxo type of antibody

A

IgM with FIV+

32
Q

What is a mode of transmission of toxoplasmosis

A

Transplacental

33
Q

What are the infectious stages of Babesia?

A

Sporozoites - infective

Merozoites - circulating

34
Q

What is the cause of effusion in FIP?

A

Macrophages produce VEGF and this causes effusion

35
Q

What life stage causes disease in Cytauxzoon?

A

Schizonts clogging BVs

36
Q

Treatment of HUC?

Histiocytic ulcerative colitis?

A

Baytril

37
Q

Nocardia -> cytology findings and treatment?

A

Cytology: acid fast, filamentous, Tx: TMS

38
Q

What is the best diet for a cat with diabetes mellitus?

A

high protein, low carb

39
Q

In which cells type do FIP replicate in high viral load?

A

Macrophages?

40
Q

What is the initial step in the classical complement?

A

C1 with Ab/Ag complex

41
Q

How do cytotoxic T cells kill? NK too.

A

Perforins

42
Q

How does apoptosis occur?

A

It is a non-inflammatory process mediated by caspase-9

43
Q

What is a property of cytokines?

A

Their local/systemic effects

44
Q

How are gram-negative bacteria recognized by the organism?

A

TLR4 (toll-like receptor) recognizes LPS (bacterial lipopolysaccharide)

45
Q

What cell lines decrease with FIV/FeLV

A

CD4+

46
Q

How do cancerous cells get killed?

A

NK cells

47
Q

What type of immunoglobulin is on the respiratory epithelium?

A

IgA

48
Q

If given the sensitivity and specificity, how do you calculate the accuracy?

A

TP+TN / total

49
Q

Test for chronic masticatory muscle myositis

A

2M antibodies

50
Q

What is a potent stimulant of thirst?

A

Hemorrhage

51
Q

What is the order of enzymes with respiratory burst?

A

NADPH oxidase
SOD
Myelop

52
Q

How is copper transported in plasma?

A

ceruloplasmin

53
Q

What CD is associated with CLAD (canine leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome)?

A

CD18

54
Q

You see a cat with ventroflexion that is fed a fish based diet, what is a possible cause?

A

Vitamine B1 (thiamine) deficiency

Medicine exam (14 decks)

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