Pharmacologic inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis

Question 1

Prostaglandins modulate this, the detection of stimuli associated to perception of pain

Answer 1

Nociception

Question 2

Prostaglandins are ligands to this

Answer 2

GPCR

Question 3

Prostaglandins are derived from this

Answer 3

Membrane lipids

Question 4

Prostaglandin that maintains a patent ductus arteriosus during pregnancy

Answer 4

PGE2

Question 5

2 prostaglandins that stimulate mucus secretion and decrease acid production in the GI

Answer 5

PGE2 and PGI2

Question 6

Enzyme that converts membrane phospholipids to arachidonic acid

Answer 6

Phospholipase A2

Question 7

Enzyme that converts arachidonic acid to leukotrienes

Answer 7

5-lipoxygenase

Question 8

Enzyme that converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandin G

Answer 8

COX1/2

Question 9

Enzyme that converts prostaglandin G to prostaglandin H2

Answer 9

Peroxidase

Question 10

In the prostaglandin synthesis pathway, what reaction does phospholipase A2 catalyze?

Answer 10

Membrane phospholipids to arachidonic acid

Question 11

In the prostaglandin synthesis pathway, what reaction does 5-lipoxygenase catalyze?

Answer 11

Arachidonic acid to leukotrienes

Question 12

In the prostaglandin synthesis pathway, what reaction does COX1/2 catalyze?

Answer 12

Arachidonic acid to Prostaglandin G

Question 13

In the prostaglandin synthesis pathway, what reaction does peroxidase catalyze?

Answer 13

Prostaglandin G to Prostaglandin H2

Question 14

NSAIDs inhibit this enzyme

Answer 14

Cyclooxygenase enzymes involved in prostaglandin and thromoxane synthesis

Question 15

Cyclooxygenase enzyme that is mostly constitutive expressed

Answer 15

COX-1

Question 16

Cyclooxygenase enzyme that has inducible expression

Answer 16

COX-2

Question 17

Does COX-1 have inducible or constitutive expression?

Answer 17

Mostly constitutive

Question 18

Does COX-2 have inducible or constitutive expression?

Answer 18

Inducible

Question 19

Therapeutic prostaglandin inhibition has this effect on hypothalamus set point temperature

Answer 19

Decreases, lowers fever

Question 20

Therapeutic prostaglandin inhibition has this effect on peripheral pain receptor activation

Answer 20

Blocks it, induces analgesia

Question 21

Therapeutic prostaglandin inhibition has this effect on inflammation

Answer 21

Blocks inflammatory vasodilation, decreasing inflammation

Question 22

Therapeutic prostaglandin inhibition blocks production of this molecule, thus decreasing platelet aggregation

Answer 22

Thromboxane A2

Question 23

Prostaglandin that promotes platelet adhesion and clot formation

Answer 23

Thromboxane A2

Question 24

What is the MOA for non-aspirin (traditional) NSAIDs

Answer 24

Reversible inhibitors of COX-1 and COX-2

Question 25

All NSAIDs except this are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular effects

Answer 25

Naproxen

Question 26

Naproxen is this exception to NSAIDs

Answer 26

Is not associated with increased risk of cardiovascular effects

Question 27

Naproxen is the only NSAID that is not associated with increased risk of this

Answer 27

cardiovascular effects

Question 28

These are reversible inhibitors of COX-1 and COX-2

Answer 28

Non-aspirin (traditional) NSAIDs

Question 29

Inhibition of constitutive prostaglandins reduces these in the GI

Answer 29

Cyto-protective prostaglandins

Question 30

Inhibition of constitutive prostaglandins reduces prostaglandins that control this blood flow

Answer 30

Renal

Question 31

This irreversibly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 prostaglandin H2 synthesis and function

Answer 31

Aspirin (acetylsalicyclic acid)

Question 32

What is the MOA of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)?

Answer 32

Irreversibly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 prostaglandin H2 synthesis and function (acetylates serine in COX, blocks substrate processing)

Question 33

Acetylsalicylic acid is another name for this drug

Answer 33

Aspirin

Question 34

Aspirin irreversibly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 synthesis and function of this

Answer 34

Prostaglandin H2

Question 35

Aspirin acetylates this in COX, blocking substrate processing

Answer 35

Serine

Question 36

This acetylates serine in COX, blocking substrate processing

Answer 36

Aspirin (acetylsalicyclic acid)

Question 37

Samter's triad is another name for this

Answer 37

Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD)

Question 38

Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is associated with this triad of conditions

Answer 38

Asthma, nasal polyposis, and rhinitis

Question 39

Samter's triad of asthma, nasal polyposis and rhinitis are associated with increased sensitivity to this

Answer 39

Aspirin

Question 40

Toxicity to this drug can cause signs of intoxication (nausea, vomiting, dizziness) and tinnitus/decreased hearing

Answer 40

Aspirin

Question 41

Tinnitus and decreased hearing can occur with use of this drug

Answer 41

Aspirin

Question 42

What is salicylism?

Answer 42

Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, tinnitus/decreased hearing that are toxicities to aspirin

Question 43

All NSAIDs have block box warning of increased risk of these adverse effects

Answer 43

Cardiovascular and GI

Question 44

This type of drug can induce premature closure of ductus arteriosus

Answer 44

NSAID

Question 45

NSAIDs can induce premature closure of this

Answer 45

Ductus arteriosus

Question 46

COX-2 inhibitor that is used in patients at high risk for GI ulceration

Answer 46

Celecoxib (Celebrex)

Question 47

What is Celecoxib (Celebrex)?

Answer 47

COX-2 inhibitor that is limited to use in patients at high risk for GI ulceration

Question 48

Celecoxib (Celebrex) inhibits this

Answer 48

COX-2

Question 49

Celecoxib (Celebrex) is limited to NSAID indication in patients at high risk for this

Answer 49

GI ulceration

Question 50

Drug whose use is limited to NSAID indication in patients at high risk for GI ulceration

Answer 50

Celecoxib (Celebrex)

Question 51

Drug that is a COX-2 inhibitor

Answer 51

Celecoxib (Celebrex)

Question 52

Proposed MOA of this is central inhibition of COX1/2

Answer 52

Acetaminophen

Question 53

Acetaminophen limited effect on this explains lack of anti-inflammatory action

Answer 53

Peripheral COX enzyme

Question 54

Does Acetaminophen have anti-inflammatory action?

Answer 54

No Has limited effect on peripheral COX enzyme

Question 55

Does Acetaminophen have an effect on platelet aggregation?

Answer 55

No

Question 56

What is the proposed MOA of Acetaminophen?

Answer 56

Central inhibition of COX1/2

Question 57

Overdose of this can deplete glutathione, resulting in free NAPQI that damages the liver

Answer 57

Acetaminophen

Question 58

Acetaminophen overdose can deplete this, resulting in free NAPQI that damages the liver

Answer 58

Glutathione

Question 59

Acetaminophen overdose can deplete glutathione, resulting in this that damages the liver

Answer 59

NAPQI

Question 60

Glutathione precursor that is an antidote to Acetaminophen overdose

Answer 60

N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

Question 61

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a precursor to this

Answer 61

Glutathione

Question 62

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an antidote used in overdose of this

Answer 62

Acetaminophen

Question 63

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) antidote is most effective when used in this timeframe of acetaminophen overdose

Answer 63

within 10 hours

Question 64

What is the cumulative daily dosing limit of Acetaminophen?

Answer 64

4g/day Lowered with existing liver disease or with alcohol use

Question 65

Only prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor that is used to reduce fever and pain only, not inflammation

Answer 65

Acetaminophen

Question 66

Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor that is very toxic to children, and triggers leukotriene-triggered asthma in some patients

Answer 66

Aspirin