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VM'21 > PHARMA/MED > Flashcards

PHARMA/MED Flashcards

1
Q

Causes hyperexcitation?

A

Fipronil

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2
Q

Mode of action of fipronil.

A

Blocking GABA-gated chloride channels and glutamate-gated chloride

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3
Q

This plant is used in olden times as dewormer.

a. niyog niyogan (Combretum indicum)
b. sambong (Blumea balsamifera)
c. *
d. *

A

A. niyog niyogan (Combretum indicum)

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4
Q

Useful component of guava leaves used as antioxidant .

A

Guava has a high content of protocatechuic acid, quercetin, ferulic acid, ascorbic acid, quercetin, gallic acid and caffeic acid which are important antioxidants.

Sagot ni doc Weng is CATECHIN

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5
Q

Toxic component of mushroom.

A

AMANITOXINS as well as gyromitrins, and orellanine

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6
Q

Toxic to pet birds.

A

AVOCADO

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7
Q

Toxic in swine atleast it was cooked.

A

CASSAVA (cyanogenic glucosides)

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8
Q

What type of vaccine is used in orf virus (Contagious ecthyma)?

a. Killed
b. Live
c. Attenuated
d. Modified

A

B. Live (Merck)

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9
Q

Added to vaccines to add more immune response

a. Adjuvant
b. Dilution
c. *
d. *

A

A. Adjuvant

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10
Q

Failure of vaccine in farm is due to?

a. Putting in refrigerator
b. Dilution proportion
c. *
d. *

A

b. Dilution proportion

- Handling

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11
Q

Influenza vaccination in horses for travel.

a. 4 months
b. 6 months
c. 1 year
d. *

A

b. 6 months

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12
Q

Antidote for organophosphate poisoning

A

2-PAM

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13
Q

Mode of action of 2 PAM.

A

Cholinesterase activity

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14
Q

Induce parturition in mare?

A

Oxytocyn

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15
Q

Withdrawal period of chlortetracycline in poultry (but the question is situational type)?

A

0 DAYS

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16
Q

Treatment for plasmodium?

A

Quinilones

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17
Q

Safest and easiest Injection site in parrots.

A

Right jugular vein and basilic vein.

-medial metatarsal vein may be more accessible in some large avian species

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18
Q

Why avoid holding snake in the head?

a. Avoid vertebral injury
b. Avoid getting bitten
c. *

A

b. Avoid getting bitten

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19
Q

How to lift small size dog?

h. One hand in the thorax
i. One hand in abdomen one hand in neck region
j. *

A

h. One hand in the thorax

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20
Q

Site of blood connection when the dog is in sitting position.

a. Saphenous
b. Cephalic
c. Jugular
d. *

A

b. Cephalic

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21
Q

Mycobacterium is resistant to what disinfectant?

a. Phenol
b. Alcohol
c. Quats

A

a. Phenol

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22
Q

Not used as antiseptic in hands that assisted in the removal of fetus in dogs positive of
BRUCELLOSIS?

A

Alcohol

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23
Q

Leucocytozoonisis Treatment:

A

Treatment usually is not effective. Preventive medication using pyrimethamine (1 ppm) and sulfadimethoxine (10 ppm) combined in the feed controls L caulleryi. Clopidol (0.0125%–0.025%) controls L smithi. Measures to control invertebrate vectors are helpful. Humoral immunity resulting from vaccination will protect against L caulleryi infection. Treatments with quinacrine hydrochloride or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole solution have been used in raptors; parasitemia is reduced, but the infection is not cleared.

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24
Q

Toxin in sudan grass?

A

NITRATE

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25
Q

Blue algal poisoning Treatment?

A

After removal from the contaminated water supply, affected animals should be placed in a protected area out of direct sunlight. Ample quantities of water and good quality feed should be made available. Because the toxins have a steep dose-response curve, surviving animals have a good chance for recovery. Although therapies for cyanobacterial poisonings have not been investigated in detail, activated charcoal slurry is likely to be of benefit. In laboratory studies, an ion-exchange resin such as cholestyramine has proved useful to absorb the toxins from the GI tract, and certain bile acid transport blockers such as cyclosporin A, rifampin, and silymarin injected before dosing of microcystin have effectively prevented hepatotoxicity. No therapeutic antagonist has been found effective against anatoxin-a, cylindrospermopsin, or the saxitoxins, but atropine and activated charcoal reduce the muscarinic effects of the anticholinesterase anatoxin-a(s).

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26
Q

Tilmicosin fumarate computation.

A
  • 2% Tilmicosin fumarate in 10 kg feeds
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27
Q

QUINIDINE

A

Quinidine is a medication used to restore normal sinus rhythm, treat atrial fibrillation and flutter, and treat ventricular arrhythmias.

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28
Q

LIDOCAINE

A

Lidocaine, also known as lignocaine and sold under the brand name Xylocaine among others, is a local anesthetic of the amino amide type. It is also used to treat ventricular tachycardia

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29
Q

How priceless is your unfailing love, O Lord! Both high and low among men find refuge in the shadow of Your wings.

  • Psalm 36:7
A

YOU CAN DO IT, VEIN!!!

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30
Q

in anaphylactic shock?

A

EPINEPHRINE

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31
Q

GENTAMICIN SULFATE

A

for optic solution

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32
Q

Both antitrematodal and. Anticestodal?

A

PRAZIQUANTEL.

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33
Q

For whipworm?

A

Febantel

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34
Q

Sprayed to remove aggression in group of boars?

A

Estrogen, progesterone, andosterone, etc

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35
Q

Carbamate MOA?

A

acetyl cholinesterase inhibition in the nervous system.

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36
Q

Carbamate acts on:

a. muscarinic
b. Nicotinic
c. Both
d. Central nervous reflex

A

c. Both

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37
Q

Tx for fungal infection of lungs in bird ?

a. Nystatin
b. Amphotericin B

A

b. Amphotericin B

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38
Q

Mannhemia hemolytica

A

Florphenicol

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39
Q

Antitussive for progressive cough

A

Guaiafenesin

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40
Q

Treatment for leukocytozoon.

a. Marcolides
b. Sulfonamides
c. Combine (check merck)

A

b. Sulfonamides

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41
Q

What vitamin will be deficient (in)????

A

Folic acid

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42
Q

Computation. How much tiamulin will be added in 10kg feeds for 10 pigs weighing 20kg each.

A

20 mg/kg

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43
Q

Question about puffer fish.

What toxin?

A

Tetrodotoxin

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44
Q

What organ of the fish contains the toxin?

a. Liver
b. Muscle

A

a. LIVER

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45
Q

When ingested, what organ will be mostly affected ?

a. Heart
b. Stomach
c. Diaphragm

A

c. Diaphragm

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46
Q

Use of toxin in pharma?

A

Pain reliever

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47
Q

Dog swims in pond with blue thing floating. It causes diarrhea, seizure. What is the cause?

a. Algae
b. Campylobacter
c. OP
E. coli?

A

a. Algae

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48
Q

What can be associated with mushroom poisoning?

A

Acetylcholine (same with atropine in action or effect

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49
Q

Same question #48. What is the receptor ?

A

Muscarinic

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50
Q

Injectable anesthetics for caged birds?

A

Ketamine

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51
Q

Inhalant anesthetics for avian?

I

A

Isoflurane (ref: check stateboard ancillary topics)

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52
Q

Given to horse before race to avoid epistaxis?

a. Furosemide
b. Vitamin B12
c. Vitamin K

A

a. Furosemide

This drug has been used extensively for the treatment of bleeding in horses since the mid-1970s. Lasix works by reducing the stress on horses organs by lowering the amount of fluid retained in the body just before the horse races.

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53
Q

Toxic substance present at Cassava

A

Linamarin

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54
Q

Substance present in guava

A

Tannic acid

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55
Q

Most common antihistamine in the market used by man?

a. Dipenhydramine
b. Loratadine
c. Dextrametorphan
d. Ephedrine

A

a. Dipenhydramine

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56
Q

Tx of choice for chlamydia

A

Doxycycline

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57
Q

Drugs that are un synergism

A

Macrolides and TMPS? Aminoglycosides and cephalosphorin? Other choices are cidal + static thus not compatible

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58
Q

Which drug cannot be mixed with (forgot the drug)?

A

Ans: penicillin

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59
Q

Half-life of oxytocin?

a. 1-2 mins
b. 3-4 mins
c. 30 sec
d. 5 -10 mins

A

Oxytocin has a plasma half-life of about 1 to 6 minutes which is decreased in late pregnancy and during lactation. Following intravenous administration of oxytocin, uterine response occurs almost immediately and subsides within 1 hour.

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60
Q

Ceftiofur computation

A

Dose given in IU around 3 questions

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61
Q

How many ml is 2% drug in 10 kg sack?

A

200 ml

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62
Q

How many to be given in 10 pigs?

A

2000 ml

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63
Q

How many is needed in 10 days?

A

20, 000 ml

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64
Q

Why are birds sensitive to fumes of sodium hypochlorite?

A

Skin sensitivity (stateboard question, skin will be burn)

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65
Q

Not an H1 blocker?

a. Cetirizine
b. Loratidine
c. Dypenhydramine
d. meclizine

A

c. Dypenhydramine

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66
Q

Not a cause of leptospirosis?

A

Flying birds

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67
Q

Immunization of lepto in bulls?

A

Every 12 months

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68
Q

Cannot be used with lidocaine?

a. LRS
b. Epinephrine
c. Ephedrine
d. PCN

A

b. Epinephrine

cases of gangrene (ears, noes, toes/ digits)

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69
Q

Same with lidocaine use for tx of ventricular tachycardia?

A

Quinidine

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70
Q

Used to slowdown the heartbeat.

A

Verapamil

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71
Q

Given to dogs ingested gasoline/ diesel?

a. H202
c. Vegetable oil
c. Petroleum

A

a. H202

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72
Q

Can kill sperm when added?

a. Erythromycin
b. Gentamycin
c. Rifampin
d. Metronidazole

A

a. Erythromycin

and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or a quinolone.

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73
Q

NSAIDS

A

Cyclooxygenase inhibitor

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74
Q

Common arsenical growth promotant for poultry?

A

Roxarsone?

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75
Q

Pig reacted to vaccination. What to administer?

A

Choices are Combination of drugs and its amount (5 ml epineph and pencilillin 20, 000 IU?)

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76
Q

Effect of glucocorticoid in ophthalmic problem?

A

Perforation?

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77
Q

Milk of magnesia question

A

Magnesium Hydroxide (laxative)

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78
Q

Milk of amnesia

A

Propofol

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79
Q

Heartworm treatment

A

Milbemycin

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80
Q

Canine distemper signs and treatment

A

Myoclonus; supportive care and efforts to prevent secondary infections; control vomiting, diarrhea and neurologic symptoms; and combat dehydration through administration of fluids.

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81
Q

Eyedrops for dogs

A

Gentamycin

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82
Q

Proper ways to prevent eye problems in dogs?

A

Surgery? Clean and trim the hair on the sides of the eye?

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83
Q

Use to kill tapes in ruminant?

A

Fenbendazole

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84
Q

Cadiac glycosides

A

Digoxin

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85
Q

To induce parturition

A

Oxytocin

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86
Q

To relax brochiolar muscle

A

Epinephrine

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87
Q

Influence of BBB in patient with mengintis

A

Penicillin

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88
Q

Termination of pregnancy

A

PGF2a

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89
Q

Organophosphate poisoning antidote

A

Atropine or 2PAM

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90
Q

Drug of Choice for Erysipelas

A

Penicillin

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91
Q

Which anti emetic drug is not safe for pregnant bitch?

A

a. Meclicine – teratogenic

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92
Q

Toxic component of ipil ipil

A

Mimosine

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93
Q

Toxic component of Cassava

A

Linamarin

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94
Q

Why 2 PAM is given slow IV?

A

May cause respiratory arrest

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95
Q

Effect of Aspirin

A

thinning of blood

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96
Q

Inhibits prostaglandin/antiplatelet

A

Aspirin, Asaphen, Entrophen, Novasen) Clopidogrel (Plavix) Prasugrel (Effient) Ticagrelor (Brilinta)

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97
Q

Hormone secreted in posterior pituitary gland

A

Oxytocin

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98
Q

Effect of dexamethasone when given in late term pregnancy?

A

Premature parturition

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99
Q
  1. Transport requiring energy

a. Active
b. Passive
c. Facilitated

A

c. Facilitated

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100
Q

Dog and cat fight, when eyes are punctured what to use?

a. Ointment with anti inflam
b. Eyedrops with anti inflam

A

b. Eyedrops with anti inflam

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101
Q

Drunk monkey

A

Coma

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102
Q

When methanol is oxidize it becomes

A

Formic acid - same as the substance secreted by ants

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103
Q

Anti-emetic in primates

A

Cannabinoid Agonists

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104
Q

ermination of pregnancy

A

PGF2a

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105
Q

Best drug to use to induce parturition in horse

A

Oxytocin

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106
Q

Decreased/reduce absorption in the presence of food

A

Amoxicillin

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107
Q

Psittacosis DOC

A

Doxycycline

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108
Q

Effect of epinephrine in bronchiolar smooth muscles

A

Relax

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109
Q

Fenbendazole Tx in sheep what ds?

A

roundworm infection

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110
Q

Cardiac drugs except?

a. pimobendan
b. enalapril
c. amlodipine
d. diltiazam

A

a. pimobendan - manage congestive heart failure (CHF)
b. enalapril - ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitor. it relaxes and widens your blood vessels. This lowers your blood pressure and makes it easier for your heart to pump blood around your body

c. amlodipine - Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker medication used to treat high blood pressure and coronary artery disease.
d. diltiazam - Diltiazem is used to prevent chest pain (angina)

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111
Q

Cause of laminitis in horse

A

overeating (obesity), working on a hard surface (commonly referred to as road founder), running high fevers, exposure to black walnut shavings, and stress. Ponies are extremely susceptible to laminitis, especially when fed rich, lush forage

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112
Q

Drug to alleviate laminitis in horse

A

Phenylbutazone 2.2–4.4 mg/kg IV or PO every 12 hours
Flunixin meglumine 0.5 –1.1 mg/kg IV or PO every 12 hours
Firocoxib 0.1 mg/kg PO every 24 hours

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113
Q

Drug to be given in overdose of calcium blocking drugs?

A

Calcium gluconate

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114
Q

Enalapril

A

(ACE inhibitor)

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115
Q

Drug banned for fattener pigs

A

clenbuterol

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116
Q

Fentanyl

A

Fentanyl is an opiate narcotic medication that is used by veterinarians to treat animal patients suffering from moderate to severe pain. It also can be used as a sedative or tranquilizer in some animal patients.

powerful opioid used as a pain medication and together with other medications for anesthesia. It is also used as a recreational drug, sometimes mixed with heroin, methamphetamine, or cocaine. It has a rapid onset and its effects generally last under two hours.

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117
Q

Antibiotic that cause colic in horses

A

Lincosamide

118
Q

Cardiac glycosides

A

Cardiac glycosides are a class of organic compounds that increase the output force of the heart and increase its rate of contractions by acting on the cellular sodium-potassium ATPase pump.

119
Q

Penicillin is not used in rabbit lagomorphs because.

a. Allergy
b. Kills gram + bacteria
c. Kills gram – bacteria
d. ?

A

Use antibiotics such as penicillin with caution in rabbits. Oral penicillin is associated with gastrointestinal disease in this species.

120
Q

Which drug is used to kill tapeworm in ruminants

a. Fenbendazole
b. Praziquantel
c. Ivermectin

A

b. Praziquantel - but not approved for small ruminants

121
Q

Property of a drug that allows it to cross BBB.

A

Lipid solubility

122
Q

Withdrawal period of tulathromycin

A

cattle - 22 days
pigs - 13 days
sheep - 16 days

123
Q

Withdrawal period of tylosin

A

Discontinue use in cattle 21 days before slaughter. Discontinue use in swine 14 days before slaughter. Do not use in lactating dairy cattle. A withdrawal period has not been established for this product in pre-ruminating calves

124
Q

Withdrawal period of tilmicosin

A

The recommended withdrawal time is 10 days. Tilmicosin is rapidly absorbed and slowly eliminated after oral administration.

125
Q

Vine with anticholinergic?

A

Belladona (used for atropine)

126
Q

Farmer asking veterinarian
• When is the pig safe to eat after vaccination
• What to give to pigs to promote growth
• Withdrawal period of ranitidine

A

Ranitidine

127
Q

Furosemide excretes

A

(sodium, potassium, and chloride)

128
Q

What type of diuretic is spironolactone?

A

Potassium-sparing diuretic

129
Q

Longest withdrawal period

A

IM ivermectin (other choices are topical)

130
Q

Amphotericin B causes bone dss when administered with what drugs?

A

Chloramphenicol or Sulfa

131
Q

Antitussive.

A

Dextromethorphan

132
Q

Amikacin(aminoglycosides) is not used with

A

not be used with neuromuscular blocking agents, as they can increase muscle weakness and paralysis.

  • succinylcholine, rocuronium, vecuronium, atracurium, cisatracurium, mivacurium
133
Q

CNS stimulant at low dose but toxic at high doses.

A

Caffeine, strychnine

134
Q

Fermenting baking dough produces what alcohol?

A

Ethanol

135
Q

Dog ingests rubbing alcohol, what clinical signs will be observed?

A

Disorientation and loss of body control.
Your dog may appear weak.
He may begin to vomit violently.
Diarrhea will occur as your dog’s body tries to rid itself of the poison.
He may salivate excessively sometimes foaming at the mouth.
Excitement gives way to lethargy and depression.

136
Q

Dog licked sodium hydroxide on the floor of the clinic, what clinical signs will be observed?

A 
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Gastrointestinal lesions
Lack of appetite
Swollen abdomen
Burns or lesions in the mouth
Excessive watering of the mouth
Disorientation
Muscle weakness
Seizures
Collapse
Eye irritations
Skin irritation
Hair loss
137
Q

Antihistamines and side effects (3qts)

• What are the side effects of antihistamine administration?

A 
Drowsiness.
Dry mouth, dry eyes.
Blurred or double vision.
Dizziness and headache.
Low blood pressure.
Mucous thickening in the airways.
Rapid heart rate.
Difficulty urinating and constipation.
138
Q

Neonatal cattle with diarrhea treatment

a. Na + glucose
b. NaCl
c. Na + fructose
d. Lactose

A

b. NaCl

139
Q

Anesthetic contraindicated for Boxers

a. Xylazine
b. Methoxyflurane
c. Ketamine

A

a. Xylazine?

140
Q

NOT a sign of Betel nut toxicity?

a. Nystagmus
b. Vomiting
c. Diarrhea
d. Altered heart beat

A

d. Altered heart beat

141
Q

NOT used with furosemide due to physical characteristic?

a. Cimetidine
b. 5% dextrose NaCL
c. Amikacin
d. Another aminoglycoside

A

c. Amikacin (Kasi synthetic analog ng kanamycin?)

142
Q

Used with Polymixin B.

a. Furosemide
b. Mannitol

A

a. Furosemide

143
Q

Alcohol situation:

a. Butanol
b. Ethanol
c. Methanol
d. Isopropyl

A

????

144
Q

Intermediate of methanol in liver metabolism?

A

Formaldehyde

145
Q

Blindness in monkey is a result of?

a. Ketosis
b. Acetonemia

A

a. Ketosis

146
Q

Synergist with Kanamycin

A

cephalosporins

147
Q

Organophosphate for horse?

a. Dichlorvos
b. Coumaphos
c. OP

A

a. Dichlorvos

148
Q

Antibiotic that does not need to attach to ribosome?

a. Pleuromutilin
b. Sulfonamide
c. Tetracycline
d. Chloramphenicol

A

b. Sulfonamide

149
Q

Tiamulin situation: A 1000 birds currently weighing 900 grams each is ready for market after 1 week. Sudden Mycoplasma infection to the chickens. (Dose: 20 mg/kg)
How many grams of Tiamulin to treat the flock?

a. 140 g
b. 72 g
c. 120 g
d. 18 g

A

d. 18 g

150
Q

How many mL of water the birds will drink in 32oC?

a. 250
b. 150
c. 200
d. 270/100

A

agcompute ka!! :P

151
Q

How many mL Tiamulin to add to water if 1 mL Tiamulin has 250 mg activity?

a. 55
b. 72
c. 42

A

b. 72

152
Q

Diphenhydramine situation: Most common adverse reaction to diphenhydramine?

a. Diarrhea
b. Hyperexcitability
c. Lethargy
d. Vomit

A

c. Lethargy

153
Q

Least common adverse reaction to diphenhydramine?

a. Diarrhea
b. Hyperexcitability
c. Lethargy
d. Vomit

A

b. Hyperexcitability

154
Q

Charcoal & Gentian violet burned in a pot, what will be formed?

a. Aldehyde
b. Benzene
c. Oxalic acid

A

a. Aldehyde

155
Q

Treatment for urea toxicity?

A

5% acetic acid into rumen

156
Q

What to inject in a delayed fetal expulsion with tinge blood mucus?

a. Palpate, oxytocin 15
b. Palpate, oxytocin 20, dexamethasone
c. Palpate, oxycotin 15, MgSO4

A

c. Palpate, oxycotin 15, MgSO4

157
Q

Furosemide dosage and frequency.

A

5 mg/kg (2-4mg/kg)

158
Q

Dosage of thiamine/B1 in poultry.

A

4 mg/kg (Merck)

159
Q

Drug combination that lead to periportal hepatitis.

A

Niclosamide and pyrantel

160
Q

MOA of levamisole.

A

Agonistic activity in nicotinic Ach receptor

161
Q

Fipronil contraindicated to:

A.Rabbits
B.Kitten
C. Dog
D. Cat

A

A.Rabbits

Fipronil has a narrow margin of safety in rabbits. Its administration is contraindicated because of the potential for life-threatening signs and the availability of safer alternative spot-on products for external parasite control.

162
Q

Withdrawal period of chlortetracycline in avian?

A

0 day (Merck)

163
Q

Vaccine administration for Newcastle disease in a flock?

A.Aerosol spray
B. Intranasal
C. Wing vein
D. Intraocular

A

A. Aerosol spray - healthy chickens 14 days of age or older

Revaccination is recommended at four weeks and 16 weeks of age.

164
Q

Vincristine is tx.for?

A

Transmissible venereal tumor (TVT)

165
Q

Vinblastine is tx.for?

A

Mast cell tumor

166
Q

Antibiotics which target 30s ribosomal subunit?

A

SAT (sulfonamide, aminoglycoside, tetracycline)

167
Q

Antibiotics which target 50s ribosomal subunit?

A

CLM (chlorampenicol, lincosamides, macrolide)

168
Q

DOC for avian campylobacteriosis?

A

Erythromycin

169
Q

Dewormer recommended for pregnant cattle?

A.Benzimidazole
B.Levamisole
C.Ivermectin

A

B.Levamisole (Merck)

170
Q

Universal antidote

A

Activated charcoal

171
Q

Loop diuretic?

A

Spironolactone

pwede ring furosemide

172
Q

Myasthenia gravis supportive care.

A

Neostigmine - works by slowing the breakdown of acetylcholine when it is released from nerve endings.

173
Q

MOA of quinolone.

A

Inhibit of DNA gyrase

174
Q

MOA of disinfectant (Alcohol)

A

lipid solubility (damage bacterial membrane)

175
Q

Disinfectant are used only for disinfecting?

A

Inanimate objects

176
Q

Open-type pyometra treatment.

A.PGF2 alpha
B.oxytocin

A

A.PGF2 alpha

177
Q

Sertoli cell tumor treatment.

A

Increase secretion of estrogen

178
Q

Treatment of Rhodococcus equi infection?

A

Rifampin and erythromycin

179
Q

Antibiotic contraindicated for neonates?

A

Quinolones - due to concerns of age-related drug toxicities stemming from observed cartilage toxicity in weight-bearing joints of immature animals during preclinical animal experiments.

180
Q

Classification of laxative.

A

Bulk (senna)

181
Q

Triclabendazole.

A

Liver fluke

182
Q

Withdrawal period of amoxicillin?

A

30 days

183
Q

Withdrawal period of oxytetracycline (LA) for cattle?

A

28 days

184
Q

Dosage of albendazole for liverfluke in ruminants?

A

20 mg/kg

185
Q

Triclabendazole dosage for liverfluke in ruminants?

A

10 mg/kg

186
Q

Treatment of tumor in pancreas?

A

dTTP -Deoxythymidine triphosphate

187
Q

Delay healing of corneal ulceration.

A

Steroids (dexamethasone

188
Q

Adrenal cortical tumors.

A

Mitotane (o,p’DDD)

189
Q

Drug of choice for coccidiosis in poultry?

A

Amprolium (0.0125-0.025% in feed)

190
Q

withdrawal period of Amprolium in Poultry:

A

0 day

191
Q

The drug most likely to cause gastrointestinal ulceration or erosion in a dog?

a. erythromycin
b. dexamethasone
c. ibuprofen
d. trimethoprim-sulfadiazine

A

c. ibuprofen

192
Q

Which of the following is (1) not bacteriostatic, (1) bactericidal?

A

Note: Carbapenems are penicillin

193
Q

Drug that do not belong?

A

Note: Random drugs, unsure of parameter to differentiate.

194
Q

Used to control vomiting in Parvovirus infection in dog?

A

metoclopramide

195
Q

When to use colloids?

a. increase extracvascular volume
b. increase intravascular volume

A

b. increase intravascular volume

196
Q

Anticonvulsant for post-distemper epilepsy?

A

phenobarbital

197
Q

Anticonvulsant for dog that sniffed –?

A

Diazepam?

198
Q

After 6 hours, cat still have seizures after OP intoxication?

a. prolonged AchE inhibition
b. drug ineffective

A

?

199
Q

Epinehprine in anaphylactoid shock to?

A

increase heart rate and blood pressure

200
Q

For treatment of TVT?

A

vincristine

201
Q

Computation. Note: B1-thiamine, B2-riboflavin
Drug A (2%) for 8kg, 3mg/kg every 4 hours.
How many to administer on first day?

A

8𝑘𝑔 𝑥 3𝑚𝑔 | 𝑘𝑔 𝑥 100𝑚𝑙 | 2𝑔 𝑥 1𝑔 | 1 000𝑚𝑔= 1.2𝑚𝑙/𝑑𝑜𝑠𝑒

1.2𝑚𝑙 | 4ℎ𝑟 𝑥 24ℎ𝑟 | 𝑑𝑎𝑦= 𝟕.𝟐𝒎𝒍/𝑑𝑎𝑦

202
Q

Drug B (10ppm) 10mg/pig/day for 100 pigs. How many of the drug per day?

A

100𝑝𝑖𝑔𝑠 𝑥 10𝑚𝑔 | 𝑝𝑖𝑔 𝑥 1 000 000𝑚𝑔 | 10𝑚𝑔
=100 000000𝑚𝑔 | 𝑑𝑎𝑦
=𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒌𝒈/𝑑𝑎𝑦

203
Q

Test for rate of excretion of drug?

A

K+ excretion

204
Q

Not in dehydration with vomiting and diarrhea?

a. LRS
b. 0.9% saline
c. 5% dextrose
d. 5% amino acid

A

???

205
Q

Pre-anesthetic that causes vomiting in dog?

a. xylazine
b. ketamine
c. acepromazine
d. atropine

A

a. xylazine

206
Q

When both atropine and acetylcholine injected?

a. only sympathetic response
b. only parasympathetic response
c. only muscarinic response

A

Note: No only nicotinic response

207
Q

Main site of drug excretion?

A

kidney/urine

208
Q

Action of Doxapram?

A

enhance breathing

209
Q

OP antidote?

A

atropine

210
Q

Dosage of atropine as antidote?

A

0.2-2mg/kg?

211
Q

Yellow taint on humerus, adverse effect of?

A

tetracycline

212
Q

Major adverse effect of penicillins?

A

hypersensitivity

213
Q

Ibuprofen is contraindicated in?

A

cats

214
Q

Excretion of spironolactone?

a. chelation
b. hydrolysis

A

??

215
Q

Effect of enrofloxacin?

A

articular cartilage erosion

216
Q

To enhance excretion of barbiturates

A

alkalinize urine

217
Q

Not to be used in food-producing animal?

A

chloramphenicol

218
Q

Which drug is cns stimulant in low dose but toxic in high dose? –

a. cocaine,
b. theobromine,
c. amitriptyline,
d. strychnine

A

a. cocaine, pwede ring strychnin

219
Q

Which is not antagonist of the effect of atropine?

A

Pilocarpine

220
Q

Priority banned drug of FDA when importing horses from EU?

A

Choices are all banned drugs here in Philippines

221
Q

Give folic acid to prevent anemia in dogs. Dosaging of folic acid?

A

2.5 mg bid

222
Q

Furosemide computation

A

…

223
Q

Sulfa not being used in layer –

A

high tendency of drug residue in egg

224
Q

Drug used for CBPP when released after quarantine – TCN or Tylosin

A

high tendency of drug residue in egg

225
Q

Shipping fever, metaphylaxis stage –

A

TCN (Metaphylaxis is a newer term used to describe the treatment of an entire group of calves with an antibiotic upon arrival at your farm. Currently, several antibiotics are labeled for metaphylaxis)

226
Q

Site of action of furosemide

A

Furosemide is a potent loop diuretic that works to increase the excretion of Na+ and water by the kidneys by inhibiting their reabsorption from the proximal and distal tubules, as well as the loop of Henle. It works directly acts on the cells of the nephron and indirectly modifies the content of the renal filtrate.

227
Q

Withdrawal period of anthrax vaccine –

30, 60 days?

A

Withdrawal period: Do not slaughter animals for human consumption within 21 days after vaccination.

  • Merck
228
Q

Do not belong?

a. PCN,
b. TCN,
c. Linco,
d. Chloram

A

????

229
Q

Enroflox, when is safe to use in dogs?

A

Enrofloxacin should not be used in pets that are allergic to it, in dehydrated pets, in small and medium breed dogs under 8 months of age, or in large breed dogs that have not finished their rapid-growth phase. It should not be used in cats with kidney disease.

230
Q

Drug with broad therapeutic index

A 
warfarin.
lithium.
digoxin.
phenytoin.
gentamicin.
amphotericin.
5-fluoro-urocil.
zidovudine.
231
Q

Fecalysis revealed hookworm, dipylidium, toxocara? Which antihelmintic is to be used?

A

???

232
Q

OP that causes cerebral agenesis when sprayed in pregnant sow?

A

birukem

233
Q

Longest withdrawal period?

a. Topical
b. injectable ivermectin

A

injectable ivermectin

234
Q

Drug that is not used in non-productive cough?

A

…

235
Q

Treatment for shock after administration of combined bacterin –

a. Dexa
b. epinephrine

A

…

236
Q

a potassium sparing effect=

A

spironolactone

237
Q

The flock was treated with tilmicosin onapril 5. when will it be safe to be slaughtered to avoid antibiotic residue ?

A

april 20- 10 days withdrawal period

238
Q

Similar question in Tilmicosin withdrawal period in 2 except that the species is swine?

A

10 days withdrawal period

239
Q

There are 200 cattle in the herd. Available drug is oxytetracycline 100 mg/ bottle. How many bottles do you need to prevent anaplasmosis throughout the tick season? Hardest question. Assume body weight of cattle (250 kg), must know the preventive dose for oxytet( 20 mg/kg?), tick season ( 6 months ?)

A

…..

240
Q

Time when TAT is given to foals if the mare is vaccinated before foaling?

A

3 months?

241
Q

Withdrawal period of levamizole-

A

7 days

242
Q

Norfloxacin in layer is administered through?

A

Drinking water

243
Q

organophosphate for horses=

A

dichlorvos

244
Q

op antidote=

A

atropine

245
Q

Fluid to give when there is severe dehydration and diarrhea =

A

lactated ringers

246
Q

The dog’s skin was burned by caustic soda. Which of the following will you use to treat the wound?

A

Virgin coconut oil

247
Q

atropine is for what receptor=

A

muscarinic

248
Q

atropine has similar effects with=

A

mushroom poisoning

249
Q

MOA of Ivermectin

A

( GABA Inhibitor)

250
Q

MOA Sulfonamides

A

( DNA synthesis inhibitor)

251
Q

MOA of vincristine which can make it effective for TVT-

A

mitotic spindle function inhibitor

252
Q

Not given in horses=

A

minocycline, monensin

253
Q

Causes discoloration of teeth in young animals=

A

TCN

254
Q

always accompany atropine in OP poisoning=

A

2 pam

255
Q

avoid giving antitussives when there is

A

non-productive cough

256
Q

to pass the BBB, a molecule should be=

A

lipophilic

257
Q

treatment for anaplasma=

A

tetracycline

258
Q

Fipronil is an

A

acaricide

259
Q

Fipronil distribution is through

A

diffusion

260
Q

a loop diuretics=

A

furosemide

261
Q

Antibiotic used in cases of meningitis is under the family of? –

a. Cell wall inhibitors?
b. Macrolides?
c. Aminoglycosides?

A

c. Aminoglycosides - inhibit protein synthesis

262
Q

Drug used to treat diabetes insipidus –

A

vasopressin

263
Q

Irritant to the stomach of dog –

A

ibuprofen

264
Q

MOA of sulfonamides –

A

competitive antagonism? (walang PABA sa choices hehe)

265
Q

Difference between enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin –

A

3x potent ang enro or cipro or vice versa, more stable in acid?

266
Q

MOA of ivermectin –

A

inhibition of GABA

267
Q

Which of the following is an example of systemic route of drug administration?

A

– intrapleural

268
Q

Which of the following is an example of local route of drug administration?

A

– intraarticular

269
Q

Drug of choice for chlamydiasis

A

– oxytetracycline

270
Q

Antibiotic that does not cross the BBB

A

– trimetophrim?

271
Q

Antibiotic that does not cross the BBB

A

– sulfa?

272
Q

Property of an antibiotic making it to pass the BBB –

A

non-protein bound???? or lipophilic? or non-ionized???

273
Q

Withdrawal period of TMPS

A

– 10 days

274
Q

Withdrawal period of Amoxicillin –

a. 10 days?
b. 15 days?
c. 20 days?
d. 30 days?

A

7 days sa google

275
Q

Withdrawal period of Oxytetracycline in poultry–

A

5 days?

The declared withdrawal periods of Oxytetracycline were 7days and safe level of that antibiotics were 120µg/kg respectively. The results indicated that the declared withdrawal periods and safe level of Oxytetracycline are almost nearest position which is shown in (google)

276
Q

Antidote for malathion poisoning –

A

atropine

277
Q

Acepromazine is an example of pre-anesthetic. It can be used together with –

A

xylazine

278
Q

Chlorpromazine is contraindicated in horses because? –

a. it can cause ataxia?
b. Horse cannot metabolize it?
c. Anaphylaxis?

A

(wala sa choices yung penile paralysis

279
Q

Can cause drowsiness –

A

sedative

280
Q

Anticoccidial that is antagonistic with tiamulin –

A

monensin

281
Q

Nutrient derived from tryptophan –

A

niacin?

282
Q

Vitamin needed for the metabolism of amino acid –

A

biotin

283
Q

Vitamin E is easily decomposed by –

a. alkali?
b. Acid?
c. Heat?
d. Light?

A

/..

284
Q

Vitamin A is easily decomposed by –

a. alkali?
b. Acid?
c. Heat?
d. Light?

A

….

285
Q

The senior vet prescribed methazolamide. It is indicated for?-

A

glaucoma

286
Q

What would be the best anthelmentic to use against worm larvae of dogs?

a. ivermectin?
b. Fenbendazole?
c. Pyrantel?
d. Piperazine?

A

…

287
Q

Which of the following has the highest therapeutic index? – penicillin? Gentamicin? Sulfa?

A

…

288
Q

Most easily controlled anesthetic?

a. Halothane?
b. Methoxyflurane?

A

a. Halothane

289
Q

Treatment of DIC –

A

heparin sulfate

290
Q

Glucagon is indicated during? –

A

decrease blood glucose

291
Q

Withdrawal period of oxytetracline in salmonids?

A

21 days

21 days din sa catfish
30 days sa lobsters

292
Q

What will be the effect if both atropine and acetylcholine where injected in the animal?-

a. Both sympathetic and parasympathetic will occur?
b. Ach will act of muscarinic receptors?

A

…

VM'21 (14 decks)

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