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MEDICINE AND SURGERY Flashcards

1
Q

Suture technique in uterine stamp during ovh.

a. Utrecht
b. Parker-kerr
c. *
d. *

A

a. Utrecht

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2
Q

Suture material used in anastomoses.

a. Catgut
b. Nylon
c. Polydioxone
d. *

A

Generally, in two-layer anastomoses, absorbable sutures of polyglycolic acid or polyglactin are used, with an outer seromuscular stitch of silk. In one-layer anastomoses, a nonabsorbable suture such as silk is preferred. The intestinal anastomosis is traditionally performed in two layers

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3
Q

Caesarean section approach in a good condition cow?

a. Left flank
b. Righ flank
c. Ventral midline
d. *

A

a. Left flank

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4
Q

Fluid that can be used to flush wounds to neutralize the ph?

a. Normal saline
b. Lrs
c. 5 percent dextrose
d. *

A

a. Normal saline

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5
Q

How long will it take to detect heartworm infection?

A

6 months

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6
Q

Dog with intestinal hemorrhage aprroach.

a. Give vit. K
b. Blood transfusion
c. Bandage over abdomen
d. *

A

a. Give vit. K

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7
Q

What must be aseptic at all times?

a. Surgery room
b. Tools
c. Surgeon
d. The patient

A

b. Tools

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8
Q

Knots (surgeon vs granny knots)

A

surgeon knott -surgical knot and is a simple modification to the reef knot. It adds an extra twist when tying the first throw, forming a double overhand knot. The additional turn provides more friction and can reduce loosening while the second half of the knot is tied.

Granny knott- The granny consists of two identical half knots, one tied on top of the other. It has but one practical purpose that I know of and that is to serve as a surgeon’s knot. Should not be used as a bend. Inferior to reef knot for binding purposes, it can release suddenly and unpredictably.

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9
Q

Epidural anesthesia in pig.

A

LUMBOSACRAL

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10
Q

Disease with greyish iris.

A

MAREKS

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11
Q

Vilous atrophy in TGE-.

A

jejunum and ilem

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12
Q

Spastic paralysis.

A

TETANUS

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13
Q

Disease in bird,gasping with yellow foci in lungs.

A

TRICHOMONAS

-differentiate with LT

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14
Q

Intestinal Anastomoses?

A

END TO END

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15
Q

Non-cutting needle can’t be used in?

A

FACIAL SKIN

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16
Q

Lawful in accordance to animal welfare act.?

A

Stop giving food to obese dog

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17
Q

PVMA

A

Philippine Veterinary Medical Association

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18
Q

Diagnostic test for EIA.

A

Coggin’s test/IMMUNODIFFUSION

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19
Q

Common manifestation of a bitch with Cystic ovary?

A

ANESTRUS

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20
Q

Thomas ss…. Splint..

A

Temporary stabilization of femoral shaft fractures can be achieved using the Thomas’s splint apparatus.

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21
Q

Venipuncture sites in dog and cats except?

A

TAIL VEIN

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22
Q

Sensitive to penicillin?

A

RABBIT AND CHINCHILLA

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23
Q

Stage of parturition where portion of placenta is expelled subsequent to each young in
sow?

A

Stage 2 parin? Stage III?

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24
Q

Acts as a nidus for infection?

A

CATGUT

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25
Q

Common cause of uterine prolapse?

A

Hypocalcemia? Twin? Edematous fetus? Prolonged pregnancy?

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26
Q

FIRST INTENTION HEALING definition

A

healing that occurs when a clean laceration or a surgical incision is closed primarily with sutures, Steri-Strips, or skin adhesive.

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27
Q

What to give in a horse with acute diarrhea?

A

Bismuth subsalicylate? IV Fluid?

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28
Q
A

-glucose and sodium

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29
Q

Smallest diameter which cilia is absent?

A

TERTIARY BRONCHIOLES

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30
Q

Regional anesthesia in DEHORNING?

A

CORNUAL NERVE BLOCK

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31
Q

Oxytet withrawal period in poultry ?

A

7 DAYS

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32
Q

Not caused by virus?

A

INFECTIOUS CORYZA

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33
Q

Convalescent

A

Stage when cowpox is contagious?

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34
Q

Pencillin penetrates brain when ?

A

during MENINGITIS

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35
Q

Hip dysplacia ——–

A

shallow acetabulum rough point head of femur

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36
Q

EDTA

A

Lead poisoning

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37
Q

Restraint of cat?

A

Thumbs in head while other fingers below the jaw?

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38
Q

Hardware disease.

A

RETICULUM

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39
Q

ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE

A

using practices and procedures to prevent contamination from pathogens. It involves applying the strictest rules to minimize the risk of infection. Healthcare workers use aseptic technique in surgery rooms, clinics, outpatient care centers, and other health care settings.

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40
Q

Best to prevent poultry diseases?

A

BIOSECURITY

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41
Q

Prevent trichinella spiralis infection in pigs?

A

COOKING OF SWILL FEED

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42
Q

Body Temp of pigs affected with Hog Cholera?

A

MORE THAN 41C

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43
Q

HYPERCAPNEA

A

Buildup of carbon dioxide in your bloodstream. It affects people who have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). If you have COPD, you can’t breathe as easily as other people do.

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44
Q

Cockroaches are saphrophytes, but they do not eat?

A

Cadaver?

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45
Q

Bradycardia is a result of _______toxicity?

a. Na
b. Ca
c. Selenium
d. Zinc

A

c. Selenium toxicity - associated with heart failure

  • High level of sodium can
  • Untreated high level of calcium can
  • Low level zinc causes bradycardia
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46
Q

Banned drugs except?

A

TYLOSIN,

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47
Q

Not an effect of bacteria?

A

Fusion of epithelium

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48
Q

TAPETUM is absent in?

A

PIGS

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49
Q

Fine when dogs was abused and resulted into its death?

A

1-2 years imprisonment and less than 100,000 pesos fine

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50
Q

STUDY STAGES OF INFECTION

A

Infection, Incubation period, Prodoromal, Illness,Decline, Convalsecent
–correct arrangement

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51
Q

Withdrawal period of oxytetracycline?

a. 7 days
b. 14 days
c. 10 days
d. 3 days

A

a. 7 days

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52
Q

Pre-enrichment media for salmonella from feces.

a. Mc COnkey
b. Brilliant green agar
c. Buffered peptone water
d. Tetrathionate broth
e. RVS (rapport vassiliadis semisolid)

stateboard

A

d. Tetrathionate broth

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53
Q

Which of the following disease is not caused by virus?

a. IB
b. ILT
c. Infectious coryza
d. ND

A

c. Infectious coryza

  • ILT- herpesvirus
  • IB - avian gammacoronavirus
  • ND -para-myxo virus
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54
Q

Epidem computation. 24 sows with average of 11 litters (with scouring). 20 deaths. Compute the case fatality rate.

A

24 x 11 = 264

20 / 264 100 = 7.57%

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55
Q

Organoleptic testing not to do in a carcass at the slaughterhouse?

a. Palpate
b. smell
c. See
d. Taste

A

d. Taste

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56
Q

A cow is about to slaughter, in the dim light. You notice that the animal is salivating Smacking of lips and looks lame. What is the dss?

A

FMD

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57
Q

Enzyme released by the S. aureus causing clotting of plasma?

a. Coagulase
b. Streptokinase
c. Hyaluronidase
d. Hemolysin

A

a. Coagulase

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58
Q

PED confirmatory?

A

PCR

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59
Q

Affected nerve in mareks?

a. Brachial
b. Vagus
c. Sciatic
d. All of the above

A

d. All of the above

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60
Q

Mycoplasma is resistant from which of the following?

a. Alcohol
b. Phenol
c. Quaternary ammonium

A

b. Phenol

can be- Beta lactams like penicillin - all mycoplasma spp

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61
Q

Which bacteria is not affected by 0.9% NaCl?

A

Staphylococcus

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62
Q

Not contribute to activation of acute inflammation?

a. Marcophages (or monocytes?)
b. dendritic cells
c. Eosinophils
d. Neutrophils

A

b. dendritic cells

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63
Q

Bacteria that can thrive on sweets that is used as flavorings?

A

Clostridium (present in honey?)??

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64
Q

Fibronolytic effect of strep is caused by?

A

Streptokinase

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65
Q

Case. A first time sudden high mortality in piglet according to the farmer. What defines the situation?

a. Acute
b. Chronic
c. Seasonal
d. Subacute

A

a. Acute

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66
Q

Arthus reaction

A

Type III hypersensitivity

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67
Q

Judgement for cattle with broken radius?

a. Emergency slaughter
b. Sent home and let owner treat
c. Confine and treat

A

a. Emergency slaughter

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68
Q

Prevention and control for TB?

A

Test and slaughter

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69
Q

PED can affect?

a. Piglets only
b. Piglets grower and finisher
c. Finisher and grower?

A

b. Piglets grower and finisher

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70
Q

Ruminant farm infected with anthrax, what will you do?

A

Burry the affected animal and tell it to the authorities

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71
Q

How will you identify the that pig is resistant to the drug?

A

AST

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72
Q

CBPP vs CCPP

A
  • -CBPP - Contagious bovine plueuropneumonia is highly contagious and generally accompanied by pleurisy
    - Mycoplasma mycoides mycoides small colony type
    • In acute cases, signs include fever up to 107°F (41.5°C); anorexia; and painful, difficult breathing. In hot climates, the animal often stands by itself in the shade, its head lowered and extended, its back slightly arched, and its elbows turned out. Percussion of the chest is painful; respiration is rapid, shallow, and abdominal
    • thoracic cavity may contain up to 10 L of clear yellow or turbid fluid mixed with fibrin flakes, and the organs in the thorax are often covered by thick deposits of fibrin.
    • Treatment is recommended only in endemic areas because the organisms may not be eliminated, and carriers may develop. Tylosin (10 mg/kg, IM, bid, for six injections) and danofloxacin 2.5% (2.5 mg/kg/day for 3 consecutive days) have been reported to be effective.
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73
Q

CBPP vs CCPP

A
  • – CCPP- Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia is a highly fatal disease that occurs in goats in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. Mycoplasma capricolum capripneumoniae (Mycoplasma biotype F38) is the causative agent. It appears to be transmitted by infective aerosol. Morbidity can be 100%, and mortality 60%–100%.
  • Weakness, anorexia, cough, hyperpnea, and nasal discharge accompanied by fever (104.5°–106°F [40.5°–41.5°C]) are often found. Exercise intolerance progresses to respiratory distress, with open-mouth breathing and frothy salivation. A septicemic form of the disease without specific respiratory tract involvement has been described.

-Treatment with tylosin at 10 mg/kg/day, IM, for 3 days, has been effective, as has oxytetracycline (15 mg/kg).

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74
Q

Cast for hip dysplasia

A

Ehmer sling

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75
Q

Placentation of cattle

A

Cotyledonary

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76
Q

Prevention of disease in farm level

A

Biosecurity? Vaccination?

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77
Q

Color of udder with gangrene?

A

Dark blue?

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78
Q

Suture material is not used in cystotomy?

a. Catgut
b. Polygly

A

a. Catgut

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79
Q

Suture used in intestinal resection and anastomoses?

a. End to end
b. Side to side
c. Side to end

A

a. End to end

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80
Q

What needs to be anesthesized during dehorning

A

Cornual block

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81
Q

Fetus of pregnant swine produces what which increases growth or virulence of brucella abortus.

A

Erythritol

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82
Q

Wobbler syndrome/ cervical spondylosis.

A

Doberman pinscher

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83
Q

Fetal presentation of cattle for CS?

A

Breech position

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84
Q

Tumor present in mammary gland right 2nd and left 5th.

A

Radical mastectomy

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85
Q

Proper restraining of cat if at sternal recumbency?

A

Press the back

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86
Q

Proper placement of collar ?

a. Just beyond the tip of the nose
b. Enough for the head to side through

A

b. Enough for the head to side through

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87
Q

What is the issue on the use of nitrate in bacon?

a. Carcinogenic
b. Mutagenic
c. Explosive
d. Corrosive

A

a. Carcinogenic

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88
Q

Fry of tilapia is being hatched where?

A

Mouth of the mother fish

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89
Q

Clinically describe the hip dysplasia (but hip dysplasia was not mention. Asking for the breed that the disease is most common.

A

German shepherd

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90
Q

Shallow acetabulum

A

Hip dysplacia

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91
Q

Butyric order characteristic of what disease?

A

Blackleg

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92
Q

Hardware disease, ingested material is lodge at the:

A

Reticulum

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93
Q

Lead toxicity antidote

A

MgSO4

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94
Q

Commonly becoming nidus

A

Catgut

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95
Q

Proper restraining of rabbit

A

Support back to prevent spinal injury

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96
Q

Most important part of the fluid therapy of a cow with an acute diarrhea?

A

Adminstraion of bismuth subsalicyclate?

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97
Q

What is the use of colloids?

A

Intravascular fluid replacement

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98
Q

Placentation of animal without placental transfer of Ig?

A

Epitheliochorial

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99
Q

Cause of uterine prolapse in cow?

A

Twinning? Etc?

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100
Q

Punishment for maltreating and killing an animal?

A

1-2 years imprisonment with fine not less than 100,000

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101
Q

Nitrate poisoning

A

Methylene blue

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102
Q

Association established RA 9268?

A

PVMA?

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103
Q

Not included in the aseptic technique?

A

Sterile doctor

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104
Q

Included in RA 8485

A

Used of dog in research with secured permit from BAI

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105
Q

Wound healing

A

Epithelialization

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106
Q

Clinical sign of cow with cystic ovary?

A

Prolonged anestrus

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107
Q

Not applicable for the blood collection in dogs and cats?

A

Tail vein

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108
Q

Reason for foal rejection of mare?

A

Later parturition

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109
Q

Professional regulatory board of vetmed

A

PVMA

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110
Q

RA 8485

A

Animal Welfare Act

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111
Q

License issue payment

A

50,000-100,000

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112
Q

Teflon toxicity

A

Parakeets

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113
Q

Diabetes mellitus – sweet

A

body produces small amount of insulin/ Non-dependent to isulin

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114
Q

Diabetes insipidus -

A

No insulin produced by the body - Insulin dependent

Insulin injections as tx.

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115
Q

Practice diagnosis of pregnancy in livestock

A

Return to estrus?

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116
Q

Color of meat and udder with gangrene

a. Purple
b. Dark blue
c. Red
d. Green

A

b. Dark blue

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117
Q

square knott how many throws to reach maximal security in this procedure?

a. 2
b. 3
c. 4

A

c. 4

For surgeon’s and square knots, at least 4 throws were generally indicated to achieve knot security; for sliding knots, at least 5 throws were generally indicated.

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118
Q

Type 7 fracture

a. greenstick
b. Comminuted

A

b. Comminuted

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119
Q

Causes ulcer in dog

A

Ibuprofen

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120
Q

Site of blood collection except in dogs

a. Cephalic vein
b. Saphenous vein
c. Jugular vein
d. Tail vein

A

d. Tail vein

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121
Q

Blood collection is perfrom in the tail vein of these animal EXCEPT

a. Cattle
b. Horse
c. Sheep

A

b. Horse

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122
Q

Treament for gastric haemorrhage are the following EXCEPT.

a. Vit. K administration
b. Blood transfusion
c. Resect the ulcer

A

a. Vit. K administration

Vitamin K administration is used as a supplementary intervention, but it is unknown whether it benefits or harms people with acute or chronic liver disease

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123
Q

Calf with severe diarrheaTX.

A

Balanced electrolytes w/ bicarbonates

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124
Q

Cystic ovarian disease

A

a. Anestrus (prolonged)

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125
Q

Percentage of immunoglobulis passed out in colostrum

A

88-90% of total immunoglobulin

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126
Q

Rottweiler with rounded abdomen

A

Obese

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127
Q

Not to give to pet birds?

A

Avocado

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128
Q

Best site for bone marrow aspirationin horse

A

6-8th ribs

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129
Q

Closure of wound at 6D?

a. Primary intention
b. Second intention
c. Third intention

A

b. Second intention

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130
Q

Culture medium for AI

a. Duck embryo
b. porine kidney
c. chicken embryo

A

a. Duck embryo

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131
Q

date of palpation for fremitus

A

130 days in cow

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132
Q

Bruxism

A

Grinding in horse

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133
Q

Practical diagnosis of pregnancy in livestock

a. Ultrasound
b. Return of estrus

A

b. Return of estrus

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134
Q

Practical diagnosis of Heartwrom?

a. x ray
b. Direct blood smear

A

a. x ray

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135
Q

Appearance of fetal cotyledon near the cervix of cattle. (how many days)

A 
75 days pea size
100 dime
115 nickel
125 quarter
150 half dollar
> 150 variable
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136
Q 
Which of the following is a cause of vaccine failure caused by lack of skill? (Basta prng ganyan po ung question) 
Choices: 
1. Wrong dosage 
2. Wrong storage 
3. Wrong site of injection 
4. Gave vaccine at estrus of dog
A
  1. Wrong dosage
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137
Q

Expulsion of placenta in horse

A

90 min

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138
Q

VLE Board of Examiner

A

3 licensed veterinarian, 1 government 2 private sector

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139
Q

Suture pattern in enterotomy -

A

appositional/simple continues or interrupted

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140
Q

Suture pattern in enterotomy -

A

appositional/simple continues or interrupter

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141
Q

Dilatation of Cervix

A

Stage 2

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142
Q

secondary healing

A

granulation

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143
Q

First phase of healing

A

Inflammation

144
Q

Dexa in horse

145
Q

Instrument used for shaing bones

146
Q

Which Professional regulatory board of veterinary medicine was established through R.A. 9268 (Philippine Veterinary Medicine Act)?

147
Q

Animal welfare act

A

R.A. 8485 (amended R.A. 10631)

148
Q

Most easily absorbed suture material

A

Plain catgut

149
Q

Suture material used in intestinal anastomosis

a. Catgut
b. Polydioxanone
c. Polypropylene

A

Polydioxanone - one layer , Less fibrosis than polyglactrin
Polypropylene- 1 layer, colorectal anastomoses

polyglactin 910 - common

150
Q

Graafian follicles

A

a fluid-filled structure in the mammalian ovary within which an ovum develops before ovulation.
Definitions from Oxford Languages

151
Q

, corpus luteum,

A

is a mass of cells that forms in an ovary and is responsible for the production of the hormone progesterone during early pregnancy. The role of the corpus luteum depends on whether or not fertilization occurs. Sometimes, cysts can form in a corpus luteum, which can lead to painful symptoms.

152
Q

corpus hemorrhagicum

A

The corpus hemorrhagicum (“bleeding corpus luteum”) is a temporary structure formed immediately after ovulation from the ovarian follicle as it collapses and is filled with blood that quickly clots.

153
Q

Dilution of apple cider for treatment of skin infection…

a. 1:5,
b. 1:10,
c. 1:2

154
Q

When is the time that the ability of a vet will be impaired?

A. Drunk
B. Unlicensed
C. No equipment

A

B. Unlicensed

155
Q

Gentian violet on a healing ulcer.

A. Stain will become permanent
B. Will not healing
C. Will severe the ulcer

A

A. Stain will become permanent

156
Q

Vitamin that will help in wound healing.

157
Q

Arched back, bulging eyes when angry.

A. bull
B. stallion
C. buck
D. boar

158
Q

When to give iron to piglet?

159
Q

Ethical vs Unethical.

A.Don’t feed an obese dog
B.Use a dog for experimental purpose with permit from BAI

A

A.Don’t feed an obese dog

160
Q

Sites of epidural anethesia?

A

Lumbosacral: dogs
Sacrococcygeal: cattle

161
Q

Animal welfare act.

A

RA 8485 or RA 10631 (Oct 8, 2013)

162
Q

RA 9147

A

Wildlife act.

163
Q

Suture material.

A

Non-absorbable: silk, nylon

Absorbable: polyglactin, catgut

164
Q

Proper handling of scalpel holder.

A.30 degrees
B.45 degrees
C.90 degrees

A

B.45 degrees

C.90 degrees

165
Q

Tail docking breed standard in Boxer:

A

leave 2 caudal vertebra

166
Q

Last layer to incise in an Open Method Castration.

A

Tunica vaginalis

167
Q

Eruption of permanent teeth of cat.

168
Q

Ligation used in ovarian pedicle,

A

Miller’s knot

169
Q

Chemical you add in the aquarium that chelate chlorine to NaCl.

A

Sodium Thiosulfate

170
Q

Reason of being endangered of philippine eagle?

A.Lack of law
B.Lack of implementing law
C. Deforestation

A

C. Deforestation

171
Q

Habitat of dugong.

A.Salt water
B.Fresh water
C.Near seashore

A

A.Salt water

172
Q

Dog with sloughing gastric mucosa and severe hemorrhages in the stomach.

A. Local antacid
B. Ibuprofen
C. Perform gastrotomy
C. Sucralfate

173
Q

Necropsy of buffalo, what will you use?

A.knife and scissors
B. scalpel blade and knife
C. axe and knife
D. axe and scalpel blade

A

C. axe and knife

174
Q

Drug of choice for Psittacosis in birds?

A

Tetracycyline

175
Q

How many days should be the treatment regimen to totally clear the causative agent in bird’s body (Psittacosis)?

176
Q

Abortion in Brucella?

A

5th month of gestation

177
Q

Dehorning in adult goat will probably result if animalwere not take care.

178
Q

What vein is being collected by restraining the animal for venipuncture by grasping the forearm?

A

Cephalic vein

179
Q

Most common site of blood collection in dogs?

A.Cephalic vein
B.Saphenous vein
C.Jugular vein

A

A.Cephalic vein

180
Q

Uterine prolapse.

A

Purse string/Buhner method

181
Q

Type of restraining for aggressive horses.

182
Q

Mainly affects kidneys?

a. aflatoxin
b. fumonisin
c. trichotecene
d. zearalenone

A

b. fumonisin (ochratoxin)

183
Q

Board of examiners?

a. 2 private, 1 government
b. 2 government, 1 private
c. 3 private, 1 government
d. 3 veterinarians

A

a. 2 private, 1 government

184
Q

Most likely to cause aspiration pneumonia?

a. nasal polyp
b. megaesophagus

A

b. megaesophagus

185
Q

Swine dysentery, proliferative enteritis, ___?

a. nursing
b. weaning
c. growing
d. finishing

A

c. growing

d. finishing

186
Q

Which of the following drugs would be the best choice for treatment of a Fasciola hepatica infection in a pregnant beef cow? (2 questions) -capcvet

a. Albendazole
b. Fenbendazole
c. Clorsulon
d. Praziquantel

A

c. Clorsulon

187
Q

Case: xylazine overdose?

A

collapse or death of the animal due to circulatory and respiratory depression

188
Q

Cause of glaucoma in CD?

A

a. anterior uveitis

189
Q

Cause of blurred vision in –?

a. coagualtion of cornea
b. ulceration of cornea
c. WBC in anterior chamber

190
Q

Most common choice for blood collection unless animal struggles?

a. jugular
b. cephalic
c. saphenous

A

b. cephalic

191
Q

Emerging diseases in cats?

a. FVR
b. FIP
c. Feline Calicivirus
d. Feline Panleukopenia

192
Q

Attenuated Salmonella vaccine effective because? (2qts)

a. multiplies in host
b. highly immunogenic
c. with adjuvant

193
Q

Where to incise to release negative pressure in thorax?

a. diaphragm
b. serratus ventralis

A

a. diaphragm

194
Q

Animal with petechiations in mucous membrane?

A

thrombocytopenia

195
Q

Sample for ELISA in Ehrlichiosis?

a. plasma
b. serum
c. blood

196
Q

Septic schock?

a. increased fever
b. dark red mucous membrane
c. dark blue gums

A

a. increased fever

197
Q

Not part of surgical conscience?

A

not draining dead space

198
Q

Used to relax muscle before insertion of probang? –

A

Stateboard?

xylazine?

199
Q

What is the best treatment for a 3-year old Irish setter with a 2-piece, transverse, mid-diaphyseal femoral farcture? -Stateboard

a. bone plate
b. Schroeder-Thomas splint
c. intramedullary pin
d. external fixator

200
Q

Removal of damaged tissue or foreign objects from a wound?

A

Debridement

201
Q

Inverting but not entering lumen?

A

Cushing’s

202
Q

Encountered in ventral incision, also used for holding sutures?

A

Linea alba

203
Q

Least effective control of hemorrhage?

a. digital pressure
b. hemostats
c. astringents
d. curettage

A

d. curettage

204
Q

Site of epidural for swine?

205
Q

Angle of scalpel handle in incising?

a. 90
b. 60
c. 30
d. 15

206
Q

Site of epidural for cattle?

A

space between Co1 and Co2

207
Q

Treatment of cystic folliculitis?

a. PG
b. progesterone
c. estrogen
d. GnRH

208
Q

Bleeding 3 weeks postpartum?

a. endometritis
b. failure of uterine involution
c. pyometra

A

a. endometritis

209
Q

Given license number by the PRC?

A

A professional

210
Q

Fetal position indicated for CS in horses?

A

Dorsal transverse

211
Q

Non-cutting needle not to be used with?

A

Facial skin

212
Q

Olsen Hegar?

A

Needle holder

213
Q

How scrubbed personnel pass each other?

A

Back-to-back

214
Q

Ethical vet would do?

A

Attend to emergency need and refer back to original vet

215
Q

What to do if suspected with highly contagious disease?

A

Report to BAI

216
Q

Everting suture?

217
Q

Goat bred on June, expected parturition date?

A

November (150 days)

218
Q

Hormone for egg laying?

A

arginine vasotocin

219
Q

CAE control in herd?

A

a. culling

b. prevent kid in suckling milk

220
Q

Brucellosis transmission via rectal palpation?

A

iatrogenic

221
Q

Not an occupational disease?

a. anthrax
b. tetanus
c. Brucella

A

b. tetanus ??

222
Q

No observed abortion?

a. Parvovirus infection
b. Pseudorabies
c. PRRS
d. HC

A

a. Parvovirus infection

223
Q

To be differentiated with Atrophic rhinitis?

A

Cytomegalovirus

224
Q

Vaccination of Hitchner B1 is for prevention of?

a. mesogenic
b. lentogenic
d. velogenic

A

b. lentogenic

225
Q

Vaccination for influenza of horse for travel?

a. 4 months
b. 6 months

A

b. 6 months

226
Q

Size of commonly used needle in surgery –

227
Q

Use to sterilize drill in bone surgery –

228
Q

Last step in cleaning instrument?

A

RINSING. Immediately after surgery, rinse instruments under warm (not hot) running water. …
CLEANING. (If not done immediately after rinsing, instru- ments should be submerged in a solution of water and neutral PH(7) detergent.)
AFTER CLEANING. …
AUTOCLAVING. …
COLD STERILIZATION.

229
Q

Signs of whelping

A

restlessness, lack of appetite, nesting, panting, excessive urination, clinginess, these are variable and some bitches may show no changes.

230
Q

Which of the following is not sterilized prior to surgery

231
Q

Definition of 2nd intention healing

A

granulation

232
Q

Definition of Debridement

A

the removal of damaged tissue or foreign objects from a wound.

233
Q

Attends to the primary needs of patient –

A

attending veterinarian

234
Q

Fluid for diarrheic –

A

ringers with lactate

235
Q

Fluid for vomiting –

A

physiologic saline with KCl

236
Q

Consideration when there is crypto –

237
Q

Bloat due to legumes –

A

gas trapped in froth

238
Q

Long term treatment for laminitis –

A

therapeutic hoof care

239
Q

Detoxicant –

A

slurry of activated charcoal

240
Q

Local anesthesia in the knee of horse (methods, correct site of injection)

241
Q

2 surgeons at surgical room—

A

back-to-back

242
Q

The question has a scenario—answer is PRRS because the clue is the incubation period (so memorize IP of some popular diseases in the Phils. such as AI, PRRS, PED etc.)

243
Q

Why clams are effective source of diseases?

A

They are filter feeder

244
Q

Bacteria which both attack respiratory and reproductive system of chicken-

A

e. coli/ mycoplasma

245
Q

Piglets with nervous signs-

A

pseudorabies

246
Q

Hormone used by body builders which are also used to promote growth in cattle?

A

testosterone

247
Q

Which of the following is not recommended in coliform mastitis?

a. Corticosteroid
b. Vitamins
c. Penicillin
d. electrolytes

A

c. Penicillin

248
Q

Which of the following is not against the R.A 8485?

a. Collecting turtle shells without securing permit to DENR
b. Shooting stray dogs
c. Joining a carabao into a beauty pageant without securing permit to pcc

249
Q

Type of graft wherein you get sample from a different individual but within the same species.

a. autogenous graft
b. heterogenous graft
c. homogenous graft
d. xenograft

A

c. homogenous graft

250
Q

A recreational drug to human which can cause nervous convulsions and change in behavior in dogs-

251
Q

A writ… wherein the defendant is obliged to present himself to the court?

252
Q

Answers the case accused to him?

253
Q

Time when TAT is given to foals if the mare is vaccinated before foaling?

254
Q

Time it takes for the colostrum to be absorbed in the gut of the newborn?

255
Q

The piglet was born 6 hours ago how much time it will take before the gut is still capable of absorbing colostrum?

256
Q

Stage of parturition wherein expulsion of placenta happens=

257
Q

Swine disease wherein lesions such as arthritis and valvular endocarditis can be observed=

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathae

258
Q

Hypocalcemia happens due to =

A

large litter size in dogs,

259
Q

There is reddish discharge after 2-3 weeks of parturition in dogs indicates =

260
Q

Head bobbing and vocalization in a newborn foal indicates=

A

the foal wants to suckle

261
Q

Type 7 fracture=

A

comminuted fracture

262
Q

One side of the bone is broken, the other side is intact is what type of fracture=

A

greenstick

263
Q

granules present in lumpy jaw=

A

sulphur granules

264
Q

difficulty in giving birth or laying egg=

265
Q

most common sign of which indicates torsion in horses=

266
Q

dead fetus which is trapped in the pelvic region you should do=

A

fetotomy ( two cuts only)

267
Q

There is lymphoproliverative disorder in avian=

268
Q

Tendosynovitis=

A

lesion in Mycoplasma

269
Q

Allowing the wound to heal without suturing=

A

2nd intention healing

270
Q

Transfer of chicken to laying houses=

A

16-18th week

271
Q

dog which is not a cause of dystocia-

A

birth to multiple puppies

272
Q

Expulsion of placenta in goat=

A

30 mins – 1 hour

273
Q

agglutination vs. precipitation

274
Q

diabetes mellitus can cause glaucoma by?

A

Diabetic retinopathy, which is a complication of diabetes, can result in damage to the blood vessels in your retina. This can cause abnormal blood vessels to grow in your eye, which can block your eye’s natural drainage system and eventually lead to glaucoma.

275
Q

effect of IBD in chicks=

A

alteration in antibody production

276
Q

Major constraint when travelling a marine mammal in an airplane-

A

airplane carrier problem

277
Q

Which of the following is less likely be torn during parturition of goat?

278
Q

What will be the best treatment for a dog which is vomiting blood for 3 days due to gastric ulcer?

A

Resect the ulcer

279
Q

Delayed primary closure is also called:

a. primary intention healing
b. secondary intention healing
c. tertiary intention healing
d. none of the above

A

c. tertiary intention healing

280
Q

A technique of castration involving crushing and ligation of
the spermatic cord enclosed in the vaginal tunic, with the testicle itself lying outside the opened vaginal tunic is called:

a. closed technique
b. half-closed technique
c. open technique
d. primary closure technique

A

b. half-closed technique

281
Q

In management of heaves, what will u do? -

A

Change into hay beddings, access to fresh air, elevate feed

282
Q

Which of the following is a myth regarding 3 day sickness -

A

exercise will prevent it

283
Q

Abundant extracellular cation –

284
Q

Abundant intracellular cation

285
Q

Abundant extracellular anion –

286
Q

Type placentation of cattle –

A

cotyledonary

287
Q

Type of placentation in dog –

288
Q

Type of placentation in goat –

A

cotyledonary

289
Q

Double knot –

a. surgeons knot?
b. Granny’s knot?

A

a. surgeons knot
- It can also be used to join lines of different materials. It is simply two overhand knots with the entire leader pulled through the knot each time.

  • In knot theory, the granny knot is a composite knot obtained by taking the connected sum of two identical trefoil knots. It is closely related to the square knot, which can also be described as a connected sum of two trefoils.
290
Q

Shortest half-life –

291
Q

First Ig to respond –

292
Q

Gestation period of guinea pig –

293
Q

Gestation period of goat –

A

5 months / 150 days

294
Q

Gestation period of cow –

A

270 - 280 days

283 days / 9 months

295
Q

Erythritol is important in the growth of –

A

Brucella spp.

296
Q

Food cooked in the morning and was eaten late in the afternoon; signs of food poisoning were observed. Upon culture, spore forming bacteria were seen. What is the cause?

a. E. coli?
b. C. perfringens?
c. C. botulinum?

A

b. C. perfringens

Bacillus cereus and Clostridium perfringens are examples of pathogenic bacteria that can exist in both spore and vegetative forms. The thick-walled structure of the spore is resistant to heat and it can help the pathogenic bacteria survive the heat of cooking.

297
Q

Food cooked in the morning and was eaten late in the afternoon; signs of food poisoning were observed. Upon culture, spore forming bacteria were seen. What is the food eaten?

a. Spaghetti?
b. Corned beef?

A

a. Spaghetti- kasi eto lang naman yung naluto. haha

mostly corned beef are preserved through canning and ready to eat when opened.

298
Q

Treatment of urea poisoning –

299
Q

According to RA 8485, which of the following pertains to the exemption regarding animal welfare in relation to religious acts?

a. Horse fight in davao?
b. Pinipikan in cordilliera?
c. Carabao parade in bulacan?

A

b. Pinipikan in cordilliera

300
Q

According to RA 8485, which of the following follows the law? –

A

Stunning of food animals prior slaughter.

301
Q

Which of the following is unethical reason in relation to the long duration of confinement of the patient ?

A

for his own profit

302
Q

Reason for the PRC to disqualify a vet to have his license, EXCEPT –

A

dual citizenship

303
Q

International Institution that governs animal health –

304
Q

Incision site in pigs that is difficult to perform –

A

ventral midline

305
Q

Non-cutting needle is not used in –

A

facial skin

306
Q

A love bird picks its feather, what will you do? –

A

provide a partner, cover the cage, provide a toy (all of the above)

307
Q

A procedure in which a knot is secured to a vessel –

A

transfixation

308
Q

In PDNS, aside from dermal lesion, what will also be seen? –

A

glumerulonephritis

309
Q

Best incision site used in ceasarean section of a cow –

A

right paralumbar fossa (total recall)

but it’s more convinient if you go on the left flank

310
Q

Treatment of frothy bloath –

a. give mild solvent?
b. Rumentomy?

A

if an outbreak of frothy bloat occurs all cattle on that pasture should be removed immediately and put onto a high fibre diet (hay or straw), and any cows showing bloating signs treated with an anti-foaming agent. The pasture should not be grazed for at least ten days.

311
Q

A sow during farrowing, gave birth to 4 piglets, 3 mummifies fetuses, 3 still born piglets, what is the cause? –

312
Q

A calve shows diarrhea without blood and was observed to be related to its immunocompromized state, what is the cause? –

A

cryptosporidium spp.

313
Q

Bony fragments in the mandible of a pig, what is the cause?

a. Trauma?
b. Actinomyces bovis?
c. Osteosarcoma?

314
Q

A universal law that is not written –

a. common law?
b. Summon?

A

a. common law?

315
Q

Which of the following should be avoided regarding Cryptococcus neoformans?

316
Q

Which of the following should be avoided in horse to avoid strongylus infestation –

a. pack of soil?
b. Sack of feces?
c. Soil with vegetation?

A

c. Soil with vegetation

317
Q

The following are differential diagnosis of babesiosis, except –

A

hemosep (other choices are trypanosomiasis, anaplasmosis)

318
Q

Respiratory antibiotics for reptiles –

319
Q

On day 1, the dog is biting anything. On day 2, he is dumb, what is the disease –

320
Q

Incubation period of Avian influenza –

A

7 days?

WHO - For avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infections in humans, current data indicate an incubation period averaging 2 to 5 days and ranging up to 17 days1. For human infections with the A(H7N9) virus, incubation period ranges from 1 to 10 days, with an average of 5 days.

321
Q

Incubation period of Infectious Bronchitis –

A

18 – 30 hours

IB.com - IB is highly contagious. The incubation period is relatively short (18 ‐ 36 hours), with the disease spreading through an entire flock within one or two days. The IB virus is spread horizontally by aerosol transmission (sneezing), through contaminated organic material, drinking water and equipment.

322
Q

An infection with IB will –

a. cause no immunity?
b. Cause immunity for life?
c. Immunity for 6 months?

323
Q

Thailand is exporting chickens to Hong Kong. However, an outbreak occurred. What will be the action? –

a. sell cooked chicken?
b. Sell marinated chicken?
c. Ban exporting chicken from Thailand?

A

c. Ban exporting chicken from Thailand?

324
Q

Found in guava –

A

tannic acid

325
Q

What is the most appropriate scientific term to describe choke?

A

Partial or complete obstruction of the airway can be due to a foreign body

  • choke is the result of psychogenic dysphagia
326
Q

Which of the following cannot inflict injury to the bird?

a. Fracture?
b. Escape?
c. Spurring?
d. Suffocation?

A

b. Escape

pero kung captive bird, they’re most likely to become a prey pag nakawala

327
Q

Deficiency of zinc in pigs –

A

parakeratosis

328
Q

Suture used in uterine stump –

A

parker-kerr (recall)

utrecht - modern technique

329
Q

Suture used in intestinal resection and anastomoses –

a. inverting?
b. Everting?
c. Interrupted?
d. Continuous?

A

e. medicine escape - An intestinal anastomosis can be fashioned by using either simple (continuous) or interrupted sutures. A continuous suture is less time-consuming to place, and the suture line is more watertight with better hemostasis. However, the entire suture line is based on a single stitch

330
Q

Heat cycle in goats –

331
Q

Used in the palpation of pulse in large ruminants because of its easy access –

A

auricular vein

332
Q

Best used to determine the number of weaned piglets per sow? –

A

postweaning mortality

333
Q

The coronary band of a pig is sloughing off. What is the deficiency? –

334
Q

Which of the following vaccination in swine is ill-advised during pregnancy? ?

a. parvo?
b. Aujezky?
c. FMD?

335
Q

What is the sign of poisoning with chemical? –

A

vomiting within few minutes

336
Q

Mold seen in the feeds –

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

337
Q

Sample needed in reovirus infection –

a. bone?
b. Intestine?

A

b. Intestine?

338
Q

Elimination of pathogen in the eyes is a major function of –

a. lacrimal apparatus?
b. Lysozyme?

A

b. Lysozyme

339
Q

Can caused curled toe paralysis –

A

Riboflavin deficiency

340
Q

In cases of drought, what Vitamin became deficient –

a. Vitamin C?
b. Vitamin A?
c. Vitamin E?
d. Vitamin D?

A

b. Vitamin A
- drought situations where plants become dead or dormant, the carotene content becomes practically devoid and may lead to a deficiency of the precursor to vitamin A.

341
Q

Fluorescence of blood on exposure to UV light is useful in diagnosing –

A

lead poisoning in fowl

342
Q

A presumed virgin 11 month old Saanen goat shows enlargement of udder. The owner practices good animal husbandry. What is the reason for the enlargement –

A

the goat is a precocious milker

343
Q

A female goat homozygous for polled genes –

A

is infertile, with gross anatomic changes

344
Q

Which of the following does not occur during estrus –

A

serosanguineus valvular discharges

345
Q

Which of the following is true regarding mare’s gestation?

A

– Corpus luteum is needed until day 120, then the placenta will take the function of CL

346
Q

Caesarian section in cow is indicated when? –

a. Transverse presentation?
b. Breech presentation?
c. Posterior presentation?
d. Flex limb with anterior presentation?

A

b. Breech presentation

c. Posterior presentation?
d. Flex limb with anterior presentation?

347
Q

What will be the appropriate treatment regimen in a septic arthritis in horse? –

a. lavage and flush with penicillin?
b. Lavage only?
c. Lavage and flush with penicillin and aminolgycoside?

A

. Lavage and flush with penicillin and aminolgycoside

348
Q

Which of the following can lead to the infection of animal under surgical procedure?

a. experience of the surgeon?
b. Immune response of the patient?

A

a. experience of the surgeon?

349
Q

Importance of blunt dissection is large animal surgery

A

– less bleeding

350
Q

Magda Cakala injection site –

A

Distal paravertebral nerve block •
Also called Magda, Cakala or Cornell technique. … Anatomy and injection site: The dorsal and ventral rami of spinal nerves T13, L1 and L2 are desensitized at the distal ends of L1, L2 and L4. 42.

351
Q

Describes epidural anesthetic injection.

A

– between dura mater and periosteum of the vertebra

352
Q

First part of the Philippines that had eradicated FMD?

a. Palawan?
b. Mindanao?

A

Mindanao?

one Mindanao was recognized as FMD free without vaccination in 2001 while Zone Visayas, Palawan, and Masbate in 2002.

353
Q

Which of the following is not included in the surgical pack but is used during castration ?

A

– emasculator

354
Q

Days of healing of bone fracture –

a. 3 days?
b. 25 – 30 days?

A

b. 25 – 30 days?

Most fractures heal in 6-8 weeks, but this varies tremendously from bone to bone and in each person based on many of the factors discussed above. Hand and wrist fractures often heal in 4-6 weeks whereas a tibia fracture may take 20 weeks or more. (https://northazortho)

355
Q

Not a reason for the delay of healing after skin grafting –

a. extensive movement?
b. Bandage that cause poor oxygenation of the wound?
c. Presence of fluid around the wound?
d. Presence of infection?

A

a. extensive movement?

356
Q

At day 75, what can be palpated as a sign of pregnancy in cow?

VM'21 (14 decks)

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