Pharm10 - Pharm10 Flashcards
MOA orlistat
inhibits pancreatic lipase
clinical use of orlistat
obesity management
toxcicity of orlistat
gi discomfort steatorrhea reduced absorption of fat soluble vitamins ha
MOA sibutramine
sympathommimetic 5HT and NorE reuptake inhibitor
uses of sibutramine
short term and long term obesity management
toxicity of sibutramine
htn tachycardia
uses of GH
GH deficiency turner’s syndrome
uses of somatostatin
acromegaly carcinoid gastrinoma glucagonoma
uses of octeroitide
(aka somatostatin) acromegaly carcinoid gastrinoma glucagonoma
uses of adh
pituitary DI
MOA propylthiouracil
inhibits organification and coupling of thyroid hormone synthesis decreased peripheral conversion of T4 –> T3
Which drugs block peptidoglycan cross-linking
Cephalosporin -cillins -nam/-nem
which drugs block peptidoglycan synthesis?
bacitracin vancomycin cycloserine
which drugs block bacterial/fungal cell wall synth
polymyxins
which drugs disrupt fungal cell membranes
amphotericin b nystatin -azoles
which drugs block NT synth
‘Try my cell phone - I blocked the New Cleo’ Sulfonamides trimethoprim
which drugs block DNA synth
‘TOPless DANcing Queen’ (insert abba song here… :) Topoisomerase Quinolones
which drugs block mRNA synth
rifampin
Which drugs block protein synth at the 50S subunit?
-mycins linezolid -gramins macrolides chloramphenicol
which drugs block protein synth at the 30S subunit
Aminoglycosides tetracyclines
MOA penicillin
it binds to penicillin binding proteins blocks the cross-linking of peptidoglycan activates autolytic enzymes
uses for penicillin
gram + cocci and rods GNR spirochetes
which penicillins are the penicillinase resistant?
Nafcillin dicloxacillin methicillin
clinical uses for penicillinase resistant penicillins?
S. aureus (except for MRSA)
why are penicillinase resistant penicillins resistant to penicillinase
bulikier R group
how is MRSA resistant to methicillin
altered penicillin binding protein target site
adverse reaction to methicillin
interstitial nephritis
examples of aminopenicillins
ampicillin amoxicillin
what is clavulanic acid
penicillinase inhibitor
clinical uses for aminopenicillins
‘ampicillin/amoxicillin HELPS kill enterococci’ H. influenza e. coli Listeria monocytogenes Proteus mirabilis Salmonella Enterococci
anti-pseudomonal drugs
‘Take Piper in the Car, Sue’ ticarcillin piperacillin carbenicillin
MOA cephalosporins
same as penicillins, less susceptible to penicillinases
uses for 1st generation cephalosporins
PEcK Proteus E coli Klebsiella
uses for 2nd generation cephalosporins
HEN PEcKS H. flu Enterobacter Neisseria Proteus E. coli Klebsiella Serratia
examples of 1st generation cephalosporins
‘You FAILed the FIRST PHASE’ cefazolin cephalexin
examples of 2nd generation cephalosporins
‘Wait a SECOND! You SEE, FOX FUR is a FACt’ cefoxitin cefuroxime cefaclor
3rd generation cephalosporins
‘If you are THIRsty, try a FOTO TAZER’ Cefotaxime Ceftazidime ceftriaxone
clinical uses of aztreonam
klebsiella pseudomonas serratia (GNR only, nothing against gm + or anaerobes)
who is given aztreonam
penicillin allergic pts pts w renal insuff that can’t tolerate aminoglycosides
what is cilastatin?
inhibits renal dihydropeptidase I always administered with imipenem
clinical uses for imipenem/meropenem?
gram + cocci GNR anaerobes
toxicity of imipenem, meropenem
gi distress rash seizures (all occcur at high plasma levels)
MOA aminoglycosides ‘cidal/static?
inhibits formation of initiation complex –> misreads mRNA requires O2 for uptake, so won’t work against anaerobes ‘cidal
which drugs are aminoglycosides?
‘Mean GNATS canNOT kill anaerobes’ Gentamicin Neomycin Amikacin Tobramycin Streptomycin
toxicity of aminoglycosides
‘Mean GNATS canNOT kill anaerobes’ Nephrotoxicity (esp if used with cephalosporin) Ototoxicity (esp w/ loop diuretic) Teratogen
Uses for tetracyclines
VACUUM THe BedRoom Tunight V. cholera Acne Chlamydia Ureaplasma Urealyticum Mycoplasma pneumoniae Tularemia H. Pylori Borrelia Burgodorferi Rickettsia
MOA tetracyclines ‘cidal/static?
binds 30S and prevents attachment of aminoacyl RNA static
foods to avoid when takin tetracyclines
don’t take with milk, iron, or antacids b/c it will inhibit absorption in gut
which tetracycline is fecally eliminated?
doxycycline (can be used in renal failure)
toxicity of tetracyclines
photosensitivity gi discomfort discoloration of teeth inhibits bone growth in kids
contraindications of tetracyclines
pregnancy
what drug can act as a diuretic in SIADH
demeclocycline (ADH antagonist)