Phagocytosis + Antibodies

Question 1

what are phagocytes?

Answer 1

specialised white blood cells that engulf and destroy pathogens

Question 2

process of phago cytosis?

Answer 2

chemical produced by pathogen which attracts phagocytes. non human protein ready. phagocyte engulfs pathogen in its vacuole(phago some) which combines witb lysosome to form phagolysosome. enzyme from lysosome digests pathogen

Question 3

shape and contents of an antibody?

Answer 3

y shaped glycoprotein called IMMUNOGLOBULIN made of 2 long identical polypedtide chains and 2 identical shorter chains(light chains) chains held by disulphide bridges

Question 4

how antibodies defend the body? stage 1?

Answer 4

antibody on antibody/antigen complex acts as an opsonin,easily engulfed and digested by phagocyte. most pathogens cant invade host cell once they are part of antigen/antibody complex

Question 5

antibodies protect the body?stage 2?

Answer 5

antibodies act as agglutinins, causing pathogens in antibody/ antigen complex. act as antitoxins, binding to toxins making them harmless