Perspectives

Question 1

What are the 2 key concepts of the behaviours perspectives

Answer 1

Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning

Question 2

What is classical conditioning

Answer 2

Learning new behaviour through the association between 2 stimuli - it is a nurture perspective of human behaviour

Question 3

What study goes with classical conditioning

Answer 3

Pavlov - dogs salivating from food and then dogs salivating at the sound of the bell

Question 4

What is operant conditioning

Answer 4

Behaviour is leant thought the consequences of actions - positive or negative reinforcement

Question 5

What 2 studies link to the behaviourist perspective

Answer 5

Bandura
Chaney

Question 6

What are 3 key assumptions of the behaviourist perspective

Answer 6

Psychology should study observable behaviours instead of internal events as it can be objectively and scientifically measured

We are products of our environment - no free will - born with tabula Rosa - a blank slate - environmental determinism

All behaviour is learnt through classical or operant condition or social learning theory

Question 7

What is the social learning theory

Answer 7

Behaviour is learnt through observing and imitating role models that we identify with

Question 8

What are is behaviourist perspective most similar to

Answer 8

Cognitive area - scientific and objective measures

Question 9

What are is behaviourist perspective most different to

Answer 9

Individual differences area - subjective measures used and internal rather than external

Question 10

What is a strength and weakness of the behaviourist perspective

Answer 10

Scientific

Reductionist

Question 11

What are the 3 defining principles of the psychodynamic perspective

Answer 11

Behaviour influenced by structure and the drives of the unconscious mind which is made up of ID Ego and Superego

Development is affected by early relationships - behaviours is result of interaction between early childhood experiences and unconscious innate sides

Conscious mind protects the unconscious mind from difficult and uncomfortable thoughts and feelings

Question 12

What is the id ego and superego

Answer 12

The pleasure principle - gets what it wants

The ego - the reality principle mediates between impulsive demand of ideas and relationships of external world ie delay gratification

Superego - morality principle- punishes ego for wrong doing by guilt - determines permissible behaviour

Question 13

What 2 core studies link to the psychodynamic perspective

Answer 13

Freud - psychosexual stages - unconscious mind protecting

Kohlberg - moral development - id ego and superego - the 6 stages

Question 14

What is strength of psychodynamic perceptive

Answer 14

Practical applications (psychoanalysis)
And psychotherapy - treats person and whole not just the problem

Holistic

Question 15

What is a weakness of psychodynamic perspective

Answer 15

Non falsifiable - not scientific and problems with bias etc

Question 16

What area is the psychodynamic perspective most similar to

Answer 16

Individual differences area (subjective measures )