Personality Disorder

Question 1

name the 5 structures of personality

Answer 1

OCEAN
openness
conscientiousness
extraversion
agreeableness
neuroticism

Question 2

what is personality disorder?

Answer 2

an enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour tjat deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture

Question 3

name the 4 areas affected by a personality disorder; how many do you need for diagnosis?

Answer 3

cognition
affectivity (eg their emotional response)
interpersonal functioning
impulse control
2 (needs to cause distress)

Question 4

describe the pattern of personality disorder?

Answer 4

inflexible, stable and of long duration

usually traced back to adolescence

Question 5

what do you need to exclude before diagnosing a personality disorder?

Answer 5

check that its not because of a substance or other medical condition

Question 6

describe the presentation of anankastic personality disorder

Answer 6

feelings of excessive doubt/caution
obsessed with rules/schedule
perfectionism
pedantic, rigid, stubborn
"my way or the high way" kinda person

Question 7

when does a trait become a disorder?

Answer 7

if its pervasive and causes distress/impairment of functioning

Question 8

what personality rating scale is good for wards?

Answer 8

PDQ-4

Question 9

a dramatic and emotional (cluster B) personality is more likely to have what personality disorders?

Answer 9

borderline

histrionic

Question 10

an odd and eccentric (cluster A) personality is more likely to have what personality disorders?

Answer 10

schizoid

paranoid

Question 11

an anxious and fearful personality (cluster c) is more likely to have what personalty disorders?

Answer 11

obsessive-compulsive
avoidant
dependant

Question 12

how many people have personality disorder?

Answer 12

10%

Question 13

how does paranoid PD present?

Answer 13

pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others from early adulthood with 4 or more of the following:
suspects others want to hurt them
doubts the loyalty of their friends
reluctant to confide in others
bears grudges
counterattacks to attacks on them
suspects infeditlity
reads things in the wrong way

Question 14

how does schizoid PD present?

Answer 14

detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings beginning by early adulthood:
doesnt like close relationships
likes being alone
not interested in sex
takes pleasure in few activities
lacks friends
indifferent to criticism
cold/detached

Question 15

how does antisocial PD present?

Answer 15

disregard for and violation of the rights of others since age 15:
failure to conform to behavioural norms
deceitfulnesss eg lying
impulsivity to plan ahead
irritability/aggressiveness
reckless disregard for safety of them/others
consistent irresponsibility
lack of remorse

Question 16

how does borderline PD present?

Answer 16

instability of relationships, self image, affects and marked impulsivity:
frantic efforts to avoid abandonment
unstable and intense relationships
identity disturbance
impulsivity eg spending/sex
recurrent suicidal behaviour/threats
affective instability eg anxiety/irritability
feeling empty
inappropriate intense anger
stress-related paranoid ideation

Question 17

how does histrionic PD present?

Answer 17

excessive emotionality and attention seeking (drama queen):

1. uncomfortable when theyre not the centre of attention
2. inappropriately sexual to get what they want
3. shallow with emotions
4. physical appearance to draw to self
5. impressionistic style of speech

Question 18

how does avoidant PD present?

Answer 18

social inhibition, feelings of inadequcy, hypersensitivity to negative evaluation:
avoids activities from fear
is unwilling to get involved with people
shows restraint within intimate relationships
preoccupied with being criticised
scared in social situations
view self as socially inept/inferior
reluctant to take risks

Question 19

how does dependent PD present?

Answer 19

excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clinging behaviour and fears of separation (INDECISIVE AF):
cant make decisions without input from others
needs others to take responsibility for them
cant express disagreement with others
cant initiate things on their own
feel uncomfortable about caring for themself
seeks relationships

Question 20

how do OCD and OCPD differ?

Answer 20

compulsions are unwanted and cause destress where as OCPD gives a sense of reassurance

Question 21

how does OCPD present?

Answer 21

preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, mental/social control at the expense of flexibility, openness and efficiency:
loves lists, rules, order, organisation
perfectionism that interferes with task completion
excessively devoted to work
overconscuous and inflexible about values
stubborn!!!
money is hoarded for future catastrophes

Question 22

Tx of PD?

Answer 22

treat the comorbidities eg depression etc

Question 23

Tx of avoidant PD?

Answer 23

social skills training

some evidence for antidepressants

Question 24

Tx of borderline PD?

Answer 24

dialectical behavioural therapy

mentalisation is often used but lacks evidence

Question 25

what medication is known to be effective for borderline PD?

Answer 25

olanzapine

antidepressants