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Ap Psych > Personality > Flashcards

Personality Flashcards

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1
Q

Id

A

Unconscious mind, our base desires and instincts

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2
Q

Superego

A

part conscious and part unconscious, developed from time when we learned rules
the ‘rule follower’

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3
Q

Ego

A

part conscious and part unconscious, manages needs of id while being conscious of rules of superego
Result is how we act

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4
Q

Freud

A

Father of Psychodynamic perspective, was sexually repressed

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5
Q

Defense Mechanisms (RRRRDDIPCS)

A

Rationalization
Reaction formation (Replacing unacceptable feelings with acceptable ones)
Regression
Repression (Can’t remember at all)
Denial
Displacement (take it out on something else)
Intellectualization (wax poetic about emotions)
Projection
Compensation
Sublimation (Want sex so do something else)

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6
Q

Freud’s Stages

A

Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital

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7
Q

Oral stage

A

18 months, pleasure zone is mouth
Oral fixation: Overindulging in food, smoking, biting

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8
Q

Anal stage

A

18-36 months, zone is anus
holding and releasing of bowels and toilet training

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9
Q

Anal retentive

A

Children who refuse to go
Very organized and controlling

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10
Q

Anal expulsive

A

Child who makes a mess on purpose
Likes trying new things, disorganized

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11
Q

Phallic Stage

A

3-6 yrs
Kids discover difference between boys and girls
Penis anxiety and penis envy
Oedipus and Electra complex

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12
Q

Phallic fixation

A

inappropriate sexual behavior

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13
Q

Latency stage

A

6 yrs - puberty
push sexual feelings aside and develop in other ways

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14
Q

Genital stage

A

Puberty onwards
Sexual feelings come back for others
entry into adult social and sexual behavior

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15
Q

Jung

A

Personal and collective unconscious
Ancient fears and memories that we all have

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16
Q

Adler

A

Driving force is seeking of superiority
Birth order affects development

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17
Q

Horney

A

Men have womb envy and feel the need to compensate
Children have a basic anxiety of the world

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18
Q

Behaviorist perspective

A

Learned responses or habits (conditioning)- everything done is response to stimuli that has been reinforced or punished

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19
Q

Social cognitive learning

A

Observational and modeling + other techniques shape personality

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20
Q

Social cognitive perspective

A

Behavior governed by external stimuli and response patterns (conditioning) + cognitive process (anticipation, judging, memory) + imitation learning

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21
Q

Bandura

A

3 factors influence personality: Environment, behavior, personal or cognitive factors from past.

They all link to each other in a circle

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22
Q

Self efficacy

A

Bandura

Person’s expectation of how effective their efforts to accomplish goal are based on similar past experiences

Low=expect to fail high= expect to succeed

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23
Q

Rotter

A

People motivated to seek reinforcement and avoid punishment. Personality based on set of potential responses to situations

24
Q

Locus of Control

A

Rotter

Tendency for people to assume they either do or don’t have control over lives

25
Q

Internal Locus of Control

A

Assume own actions cause consequences

26
Q

External Locus

A

Assume others and luck have control over your life

27
Q

Expectancy and reinforcement value

A

Rotter

Expectancy: Persons feeling that behavior will lead to reinforcing consequence

Reinforcement value: Person’s preference for particular reinforcer

28
Q

Self Concept

A

Humanism - Rogers
How sense of self is reflected in words and actions of others in your life

29
Q

Real Self

A

Ones actual perception of self

30
Q

Ideal self

A

What one wants or should be

31
Q

Conditional and unconditonal positive regard

A

Unconditional positive regard needed to explore what you can be

32
Q

Self actualization

A

Humanism
People strive to be all that they can be

33
Q

Trait theories

A

Describe and predict behavior rather than see where it comes from

34
Q

16f

A

Cattel
16 traits all on a sliding scale with opposite ends
Source and surface traits

35
Q

Allport

A

Believed traits were wired into nervous system

36
Q

Traits

A

Consistent ways of thinking feeling and behaving

37
Q

5 factor model of personality (OCEAN)

A

Openness
Conscientiousness
Extra version
Agreeableness
Neuroticism

38
Q

Needs, drives, tension

A

When an organism needs something that is essential, leads to psychological tension + physical necessity that motivates person to get that thing called drive

39
Q

Tension

A

Stress caused by not having thing that causes person to go out and get that thing

40
Q

Arousal

A

Unlearned PHYSICAL need for STIMULATION

41
Q

Optimal arousal

A

Best level of tension that leads to wanting to do something but not being anxious about it

42
Q

Extrinsic motivation

A

Person does something because it leads to outside reward

43
Q

Intrinsic motivation

A

Person does something because it leads to internal reward (feeling satisfied)

44
Q

Primary drive

A

Survival need

45
Q

McCellans theory

A

People need power, affiliation (social) and achievement

46
Q

Dweck’s self-theory of motivation

A

Need for achievment linked to personality
Peoples own theory of self is linked to how they percieve achievment or failure

47
Q

Dweck’s self theory

A

Need for achievement linked to personality. How self view can affect perception of achievement

48
Q

Psychological needs

A

Not necessary for survival but to feel good

49
Q

Drive reduction theory

A

Reduce tension by having the drive to do the thing

50
Q

Maslow

A

hierarchy of needs. When at top of pyramid you achieve self actualization

51
Q

Self determination theory

A

3 universal and inborn needs
Autonomy, competence, relatedness

52
Q

Insulin and hunger

A

Carbohydrates (commonly eaten) cause spike in blood sugar, which causes a ton of insulin, which causes low blood sugar which causes people feeling more hunger

53
Q

Hypothalamus and hunger

A

Hypothalamus influences pituitary which has role in hunger
VMH: Stops eating response
LH: Onset of eating

54
Q

Metabolism

A

How fast the body burns calories

55
Q

BMR:

A

Tied to set point, influences rate at which body burns energy while resting

56
Q

Anorexia

A

People not eating

57
Q

Bullimia

A

Binging and then throwing up

Ap Psych (12 decks)

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