personal health & hygiene

Question 1

hypoglycaemia

Answer 1

low blood sugar
fainting
sleepiness, nervousness, shaking, headache, lack of concentration
eat a snack, something sugary, or carbs

Question 2

body water

Answer 2

60% water in body
regulates body temp
allow reaction to take place, protect tissue, absorbs nutrients
lose water through breathing, sweating

Question 3

food contamination

Answer 3

poison 
glass 
insects, animals, rodents 
cross contamination 
packaging 
raw material

Question 4

gastro intestinal upsets

Answer 4

most common cause of flight incapacitation in crew

caused by viral or bacterial, food poisoning, contaminated water etc

Question 5

gastro intestinal upsets: symptoms

Answer 5

Nausea
vomit
diarrhoea 
out both ends 
fainting 
stomach cramps 
loss of fluids - dehydration 
should not fly

Question 6

gastro intestinal upsets: prevention

Answer 6

crew eat different meals
eat in clean environment
wash hands before eat/drinking
avoid dodgy food and drink bottled water

Question 7

if gastro intestinal upset systems develop down route

Answer 7

don’t fly, stay in hotel and rest, hydrate - wait 48hr until after symptoms and seek AME advice
seek medical advice
in flight let crew member know

Question 8

obesity

Answer 8

abnormal accumulation of body fat
20% or more than ideal body weight
causes:
genetics, diet, lack of exercise, underlying health problems
susceptible to:
heart attack, hypertension, gout, diabetes, hypoxia, decompression, g has more effect, osteoarthritis, heavy sweating, chest infection, hypertension, some cancers

Question 9

BMI

Answer 9

weight (kg) / height squared (m2)
<18.5 underweight
18.5-24.9 normal
25-29.9 overweight
30-34.9 obese
>35 morbidly obese

Question 10

type 2 diabetes

Answer 10

blood sugar too high
can develop as get old, poor diets, obesity, genetics, ethnicity
pancreas not producing enough insulin
treated by adjustment of diet

Question 11

type 2 diabetes symptoms:

Answer 11

thirst
frequent urination 
blurred vision(retinopathy & cataracts)
irritably 
tingling of limbs 
infections 
wounds don't heal 
stroke 
nerve damage 
kidney disease
foot problems

Question 12

tobacco

Answer 12

affects
breathing, reduced night vision, reduced ability to withstand G force, hypoxia, can be breathing CO
Physiological altitude already at 4000ft

Question 13

Caffeine

Answer 13

reg cup 60-70mg
large cup 100-155mg 
200mg reduces performance 
peppermint tea has no caffeine 
hot chocolate has lots 
lead to:
risk of cardiac arrest 
hypertension
hyper activeness 
insomnia

Question 14

Alcohol

Answer 14

easa max limit- 20mg/100ml
1 unit= 15mg/100ml
daily limit: men 5unit women 3
week limit: men 21 women 14
liver metabolism: 15mg/100ml per hour 
wait 8 hours from last drink to flying 
inability to reason, lose balance, disrupt sleep etc

Question 15

Alcoholism

Answer 15

excessive use of alcohol receptively damages a persons physical, mental or social life 
indications:
drinking alone 
gulping first drink
defensive over drink and angry when criticised 
protection of supply
high tolerance 
depression 

common in aviation
if crew member suspected follow airlines procedure to report it

Question 16

back pain

Answer 16

very common
common back ache- ache in lumbago region/ lower back
slipped disk- disk in spine precesses on nerves

prevent:
exercise to strengthen back
good lumbar support
good sitting position

Question 17

disease caused by poor hygiene and water supply

Answer 17

polio, typhoid, hepatitis A, cholera

Question 18

insect Bourne diseases

Answer 18

malaria(primary cause of death from tropical diseases)
dengue
yellow fever

Question 19

disease caused by swimming in fresh water

Answer 19

parasite worms

Question 20

disease caused by spore of infected animal manure getting in punctures in the skin

Answer 20

tetanus

Question 21

disease caused by being bitten by infected animal

Answer 21

rabies (hydrophobia)

Question 22

disease caused by sharing of needles

Answer 22

hepatitis C

Question 23

disease caused by infection from droplets of cough or sneeze

Answer 23

tuberculosis(TB)

Question 24

STI

Answer 24

hepatitis B, HIV, Aids, Gonorrhoea, Chlamydia, herpes

Question 25

pain killers side effects

Answer 25

nausea
stomach ulcers
internal bleeding

Question 26

cold & flu drug side effects

Answer 26

drowsiness
blurred vision
stomach upsets

Question 27

antihistamines side effects

Answer 27

drowsiness

Question 28

nasal decongestants side effects

Answer 28

pills- drowsiness

sprays- damage membrane lining of nasal passage

Question 29

if you need to take drugs prescription or not?

Answer 29

should seek advice from an AME on whether you are allowed to fly

Question 30

Incapacitation

Answer 30

rendered to a point where you can’t do your duties
worst when insidious onset
most common cause - gastro intestinal upsets but many other reasons

Question 31

if someone else becomes incapacitated

Answer 31

give them oxygen
strap them into seat and constrain their arms
inform ATC
place in recovery position if on floor
land as soon as possible
good personal hygiene best way to prevent

Question 32

AeMC

Answer 32

aero medical centre

where you go for first medical

Question 33

AME

Answer 33

doctors with specialist aviation medicine training
certified by the CAA
whenever visit to GP or hospital or prescribed anything you must speak to a AME before resuming flight duties