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Sp15 - Anatomy Exam 2 > Peritoneum and Upper Abdomen > Flashcards

Peritoneum and Upper Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Peritoneum

A

Thin, transluscent serous membrane

Vessels travel

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2
Q

Parietal Peritoneum

A

Lines the inner abdominal wall

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3
Q

Visceral Peritoneum

A

Lines the organs

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4
Q

What does Retroperitoneal mean?

A

Behind the peritoneum

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5
Q

Peritoneal sac

A

All visceral and parietal peritoneal membranes

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6
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A

A potential space within the peritoneal sac

Contains a small amount of serous fluid to allow organs to move without friction

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7
Q

What medical complications can arise form the peritoneal cavity?

A

It can become an actual space that can contain up to several liters of fluid (ascites)
Any fluid that fills this space can herniate through the wall
Disease, injury, or infection can lead to the pooling of fluids

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8
Q

Greater Omentum

A

Peritoneal fold that attaches to the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon.
Drapes over the small intestines like an apron.
Functionally can all off infections and inflammation sites.
Results in the formation of adhesions to restrict movements

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9
Q

Lesser Omentum

A

Peritoneal fold that attaches to the lesser curvature of the stomach and connects it to the liver

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10
Q

What are the 2 portions of the lesser omentum

A

Hepatogastric ligament

Hepatoduodenal ligament

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11
Q

Hepatogastric ligament

A

Connects the stomach to the liver

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12
Q

Hepatoduodenal ligament

A

Connects the duodenum to the liver

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13
Q

Mesentary Proper

A

Anchors most of the small intestines to the posterior abdominal wall
Runs diagonally from the duodenal junction to the iliocecal junction

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14
Q

Mesocolon

A

Anchors portions of the colon to the posterior abdominal wall

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15
Q

Why don’t the ascending and descending colons have mesentary?

A

They are anchored directly to the posterior wall

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16
Q

Transverse mesoderm

A

Part of the mesocolon that anchors the transverse colon to the posterior wall

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17
Q

Sigmoid mesocolon

A

Part of the mesocolon that anchors the sigmoid colon to the posterior wall

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18
Q

Falciform ligament

A

Divides the liver into right and left lobes

Anchors the liver to the diaphragm and anterior body wall

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19
Q

Round ligament of the liver

A

Inferior border of the falciform ligament

Contains the obliterated umbilical vesicle

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20
Q

Coronary ligament

A

Reflections of the peritoneum around the bare area of the liver
Attach the liver of the inferior surface of the diaphargm

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21
Q

Suspensory Ligament of Treitz

A

Fibromuscular ligament descending from the right crus of the diaphragm
Crosses over the L crus and holds the distal duodenum in place
Prevents the duodenal junction from sagging

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22
Q

What are the 3 umbilical folds?

A

Median Umbilical fold
Medial Umbilical folds
Lateral Umbilical fodls

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23
Q

Median Umbilical fold

A

Goes from the urinary bladder to the umbilicus

Covers the median umbilical ligament

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24
Q

Medial Umbilical folds

A

Covers the medial umbilical ligaments and arteries

25
Q

Lateral Umbilical folds

A

Cover the inferior epigastric vessels

26
Q

Peritoneal pouches

A

Potential peritoneal spaces in standing patients
They become actual spaces in recumbent/reclined patients
Pathological fluids can accumulate here

27
Q

Hepatorenal pouch

A

Bound by the liver, right kidney, colon, and duodenum
Lowest part of peritoneal cavity when recumbent
Fluids can move down to retrovesicle/rectouterine pouch when reclining or standing up

28
Q

Rectovesicle Pouch

A

Males only
Another low point of peritoneal cavity when recumbent
Fluids here may travel up to Hepatorenal pouch wheen in Trendelenberg position

29
Q

Rectouterine Pouch

A

Females only
Another low point of peritoneal cavity when recumbent
Fluids here may travel up to Hepatorenal pouch wheen in Trendelenberg position

30
Q

Liver function

A

Detoxifies chemical products and produces bile

31
Q

Liver divisions

A

Visceral liver and Porta Hepatis

Diaphragmatic Liver

32
Q

Porta Hepatis

A

On the visceral liver

Location of the portal triad

33
Q

Portal Triad contents

A

Proper hepatic artery (Superficial medial)
Hepatic portal vein (deep)
Common bile duct (Superficial lateral

34
Q

Visceral liver

A

Posterior portion of liver

35
Q

Diaphragmatic Liver

A

Anterior portion of the liver

36
Q

What are the lobes of the liver

A

Right (anterior)
Left (anteiror)
Caudate (posterior superior)
Quadrate (posterior inferior)

37
Q

Gallbladder

A

Stores bile for emulsification of fats
Attached to the inferior surface of the liver
Receives bile produced by the liver via bile ducts
Has its own arterial supply

38
Q

Pancreas

A

Consists of a head, neck, body, tail, and uncinate process
Retroperitoneal
Transverses across posterior abdominal wall
Surrounded by duodenum on the right, and spleen on the left

39
Q

Spleen

A

Lymphatic organ lateral to the stomach

Shaped like a ball of putty that was smashed

40
Q

Hilium

A

Connective tissue in the middle of the spleen

41
Q

R and L Hepatic duct

A

Receive bile from R and L lobes of the liver respectively.

Drain to the Common Hepatic duct

42
Q

Common Hepatic duct

A

Collect bile from R and L Hepatic ducts

Drain bile to the Common Bile duct

43
Q

Cytic duct

A

Can collect bile from gallbladder or Common Hepatic duct

Drains to either the gallbladder or the Common Bile Duct

44
Q

Common Bile Duct

A

Collects bile from the Common Hepatic duct and Cystic duct

Joins the Main pancreatic duct and drains to the major duodenal papilla

45
Q

Main pancreatic duct

A

Enters the duodenum with bile duct at major duodenal papilla

46
Q

Accessory pancreatic duct

A

May enter the duodenum

If present, it is 2 cm superior to the major papilla

47
Q

Celiac Trunk

A

1st major branch of the abdominal aorta

Supplies the liver, gallbladder, stomach, pancreas, and spleen

48
Q

What are the 3 main branches of the Celiac Trunk?

A

Common Hepatic Artery
Left Gastric Artery
Splenic Artery

49
Q

Common Hepatic Artery

A

Right branch of Celiac Trunk
Runs towards the liver and gallbladder
Splits into the Proper Hepatic Artery and the Gastroduodenal artery

50
Q

Proper Hepatic Artery

A

Superior branch of the Common Hepatic Artery
Runs toward the liver medial to the bile duct
Splits into the R and L Hepatic arteries

51
Q

Gastroduodenal Artery

A

Inferior branch of Common Hepatic Artery
Runs towards the lesser curvature of the stomach
Sends Superior Panctreaticoduodenal arteries and R Gastroepiploic artery

52
Q

Left Gastric Artery

A

Superior branch of Celiac Trunk
Runs toward the lesser curvature of the stomach
Supplies the stomach and esophagus via esophageal branches

53
Q

Superior Pancreaticoduodenal artery

A

Branch of Gastroduodenal artery

Supplies the pancreas and duodenum

54
Q

Right Gastroepiploic artery

A

Branch of Gastroduodenal artery

Supplies the greater curvature of the stomach

55
Q

Splenic Artery

A

Left branch of the celiac trunk
Runs towards the spleen
Sends off Short Gastric artery and L Gastroepiploic artery

56
Q

Short Gastric arteries

A

Branch of Splenic artery

Supplies the greater curvature of the stomach

57
Q

Left Gastroepiplouc arteries

A

Branch of Splenic artery

Supplies the greater curvature of the stomach

58
Q

Cystic artery

A

Arises form R hepatic artery
75% of time, it runs posterior to common hepatic duct
24% of time, it runs anterior to common hepatic duct
1% of time, it splits into to
Supplies the gall bladder and cystic duct

59
Q

Right Gastric Artery

A

Usually arises from proper hepatic artery
However, it can arise from common hepatic or gastroduodenal arteries
Anastamoses with L gastric arteries
Supplies lesser curvature of teh stomach

Sp15 - Anatomy Exam 2 (13 decks)

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