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Sp15 - Anatomy Exam 2 > Histology of the Urinary System > Flashcards

Histology of the Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

Function of the kidneys

A

Filter Blood
Dispose Nitrogenous Waste
Regulate balance of H20 electrolite

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2
Q

Contents of the Outer layer of the Renal capsuel

A

Lots of Collagen Fibers

Some fibroblasts

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3
Q

Contents of the Inner Layer of the Renal capsule

A

Fewer collagen

Lots of Fibroblasts

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4
Q

Macroscopic Structures of the Medulla

A

Renal Pyramids

Renal Columns

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5
Q

Renal Pyramids

A

Base faces cortex

Apex is the renal medulla

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6
Q

Renal Columns

A

In between the Pryamids

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7
Q

Histology of the Renal Cortex

A

Renal Corpuscles

Associated tubules

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8
Q

Histology of the Medulla

A

Straight tubules leading to the papilla
Collecting ducts
Vasa recta

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9
Q

Contents of a Renal Lobe

A

Renal Pyramid
Overlying Renal Cortex
Half of each adjacent renal column

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10
Q

Vascular Drainage to/from Kidneys

A 
Aorta to
Renal a to
Segmental a to
Lobar a to
Interlobar a to
Arcurate a to
Lobular a to
Interlobular a to
Afferent arteriole to Glomerular capillaries to
Efferent arterioles to Peritubular capillaries and Vasa recta to
Interlobular v to
Lobular v to
Arcurate v to
Interlobar v to 
Renal vein to 
IVC
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11
Q

Filtration of the Kidney

A

Fluid is squeezed of the glomerular capillary bed

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12
Q

Reabsorption of the kidney

A

Most nutrients, water, and essential ions are returned to the blood of the peritubular capillaries

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13
Q

Secretion of the Kidney

A

Moves additional undesirable molecules into tubule from blood of the peritubular capillaries

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14
Q

Nephron

A

Structural and functional unit of the kidney

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15
Q

Parts of the Nephron

A

Renal Corpuscle

Renal Tubule

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16
Q

Renal Corpuscle

A

Filtration site in the Nephron

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17
Q

Renal Tubule

A

Site of reabsorption and secretion of the Nephron

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18
Q

Where does a nephron drain

A

Collecting tubule

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19
Q

Collecting duct

A

Multiple nephrons drain into 1 collecting duct

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20
Q

Renal Corpuscle

A

Where glomerular filtration occurs

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21
Q

What are the 2 parts of the renal corpuscle?

A

Glomerulus

Bowman’s Capsule

22
Q

Glomerulus

A

Tuft of capillaries comprised of 10-20 capillary loops

Glomerular cappilaries are supplied by an afferent arteriole and drained by an efferent arteriole

23
Q

Bowman’s Capsule

A

Double walled epithelium that surrounds glomerulus

24
Q

What are the 2 layers of Bowman’s Capsule?

A

Visceral layer = external

Parietal layer = internal

25
Q

Vascular pole

A

Part of renal capsule where afferent and efferent arterioles enter/exit

26
Q

Urinary pole

A

Part of renal capsule where filtrate exits Bowman’s space and enters Proximal convoluted tubule

27
Q

Visceral layer of Bowman’s capsule

A

Modified simple squamous epithelial cells - Podocuytes

28
Q

Pedicels

A

Extensions of Podocytes

29
Q

Filtration slit

A

Space between Pedicels

30
Q

Slit diaphragm

A

Semipermiable membrane covering filtration slits

31
Q

Parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule

A

Made of Simple Squamous epithelium

32
Q

Renal Tubules

A

Where tubular reabsorption and secretion occurs

Consists of Proximal convoluted tubules, Loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubules

33
Q

Proximal Convoluted tubules Histology

A

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Long Microvilli - Brush Border
fuzzy appearance of slides

34
Q

Loop of Henle contents

A

Thick descending limb
Thin descending limb
Thin ascending limb
Thick ascending limb

35
Q

Thick descending limb cell type

A

Simple cuboidal epihelium

36
Q

Thin descending limb cell type

A

Simple Squamous epithelium

37
Q

Thin Ascending limb cell type

A

Simple Squamous Epithelium

38
Q

Thick Ascending limb cell type

A

Simple cuboidle epithelium

39
Q

Distal Convoluted Tubule Histology

A

Simple Cuboidal epithelium - smaller than PCT
Lots of mitochondria
Fewer microvilli

40
Q

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

A

Structure where afferent arteriole makes contact with ascending limb of Loop of Henle
Juxtaglomerular cells + Macula densa

41
Q

Macula densa

A

Thickened part of ascending limb of Loop of Henle

42
Q

Juxtaglomerular cells

A

Cells that are modified muscle cells in afferent arteriole near Juxtaglomerular apparatus

43
Q

Collecting ducts

A

Collect urine from DCT

44
Q

Collecting ducts cell tupe

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium

45
Q

Urine drainage

A 
Collecting tubule to
Collecting duct to
Papillary duct to
Minor Calyx to
Major Calyx to 
Renal Pelvis to
Ureter to 
Bladder to 
Urethra
46
Q

Ureter

A

Muscular tube 10-12 inches

Peristalsis propels urine from kidney to bladder

47
Q

Muscular layers of the Ureter and Urethra

A

Inner longitudinal
Outer Circular
Outermost longitudinal

48
Q

Divisions of the male Urethra

A

Postatic
Membranous
Spongy

49
Q

Cells of Prostatic urethra

A

Urothelium

50
Q

Cells of the Membranous Urethra

A

Stratified columnar

Pseudostratified columnar

51
Q

Cells of the Spongy Urethra

A

Stratified columnar

Pseudostratified columnar

52
Q

Female urethra cell type

A

Initially urothelium, then stratified squamous distally

Sp15 - Anatomy Exam 2 (13 decks)

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