Peripheral vascular disease Flashcards
1
Q
What causes intermittent claudication?
A
- damage to artery wall
- plaque formation
- insuffiecent blood reaches exercising muscle
- pain free at rest
2
Q
Symptoms of intermittent claudication?
A
- pain in lower limbs whilst exercising
- pain free at rest
3
Q
What investigations should be done into intermittent claudication?
A
- ABPI
- Duplex ultrasound
- magnetic resonance angiography
- CT angiography
4
Q
What is the normal ABPI?
A
0.9-1.2
5
Q
What ABPI indicates intermittent claudication?
A
0.85-0.4
6
Q
What is the treatment of intermittent claudication?
A
- stop smoking
- exercising beyond pain
- lipid lowering
- diabetes Rx
- hypertension Rx
- serve –> amputation
7
Q
What are the risk factors for an abdominal aortic aneurysm?
A
- male
- family history
- age
- smoking
- PVD
- hypertension
8
Q
What are the symptoms of a ruptured abdominal aortic anueyrsm
A
- tachycardia
- hypotension
- pulsatile mass
9
Q
What investigations should be done for a suspected AAA?
A
- Ultrasound
- CT scan
10
Q
When would an elective aneurysm repair surgery be done?
A
- to reduce to risk of rupture
11
Q
What size of AAA signals surgery?
A
- greater than 5.5cm
12
Q
Where are AAA usually positioned?
A
- below the renal arteries
13
Q
What are the 2 surgical options for an AAA?
A
- Open surgery (laparotomy)
- Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR)
