Oedema

Question 1

What are capillary cells lined with?

Answer 1

• single layer of endothelial cells

- allows rapid exchange of gases, water and solutes

Question 2

What influences blood flow through a capiliary?

Answer 2

• contractile state

Question 3

Explain precapillary sphincters?

Answer 3

• regulate flow in few tissues

Question 4

Capillaries unite to form what?

Answer 4

• venules

Question 5

Explain Fick’s law of diffusion?

Answer 5

• diffusion is proportional to the surface area and inversely proportional to the thickness of a surface

Question 6

Explain bulk flow?

Answer 6

• flows down a pressure gradient

Question 7

How are lipid solubles transported into the capilaries?

Answer 7

• through endotheilal cells

Question 8

How are water soluble substances transported into the capilaries?

Answer 8

• through water filled pores

Question 9

Equation for net filtration?

Answer 9

forces favouring - forces opposing

Question 10

Starling forces favour what at the alveolar end and what at the venular end?

Answer 10

• filtration at the alveolar end

- reabsorbiton at the venular end

Question 11

What prevents the accumulation of fluid in the pulmonary circulation?

Answer 11

• efficient lymphatic drainage

Question 12

Define oedema?

Answer 12

• accumulation of fluid in the interstium

Question 13

What causes oedema?

Answer 13

• raised capilary pressure
• reduced plasma osmotic pressure
• lymphatic insufficency
• changes in capilary permebility

Question 14

What is an affect of pulmonary oedema?

Answer 14

• reduced gas exchange

- shortness of breath