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Anatomy 2019 > Peripheral Nervous System > Flashcards

Peripheral Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Nerve

A

White matter of the PNS, contains bundles of axons enclosed in connective tissue wrappings

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2
Q

Endoniurium

A

Surrounds individual axons

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3
Q

Perinurium

A

Surrounds bundles of axons called fascicles

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4
Q

Epinerinum

A

Surrounds entire nerve

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5
Q

Olfactory Nerve I (CNI)

A

Sensory- Carries the sense of smell (olfaction)

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6
Q

Optic II (CNII)

A

Sensory- carries the sense of vision

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7
Q

Oculomotor III (CNIII)

A

Motor- excited most extraocular muscles, excites levator palpebrae superioris, carries parasympathetic efferent fibers that stimulate intraocular muscles

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8
Q

Trochlear Nerve IV (CNIV)

A

Motor, excites the superior oblique extraocular muscles

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9
Q

Trigeminal (CNV)

A

Both sensory and motor- carries the sense of touch from the face and excites the muscles of mastication including the masseter and temporalis

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10
Q

Ophthalmic Branch of Trigeminal Nerve

A

Sensory from superior facial region including orbits

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11
Q

Maxillary Branch of Trigeminal Nerve

A

Sensory from middle facial skin including superior oral region

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12
Q

Mandibular Branch of Trigeminal Nerve

A

Motor to masseter and temporalis

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13
Q

Abductens (CNVI)

A

Motor-lateral reclusive extraocular muscles

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14
Q

Facial Nerve (CNVII)

A

Both sensory and motor- carries the sense of taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and excites the muscles of facial expression including frontalis, orbicularis oris, orbicularis oculi, depressor anguli oris, depressor labii inferioris, carries parasympathetic efferent fibers that stimulate the lacrimal gland, sublingual salivary gland and submandibular salivary gland

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15
Q

Vestibulocochlear (CNVIII)

A

Sensory-carries the sense of hearing (audition)

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16
Q

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

A

Both sensory and motor- carries the sense of taste from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue, sense of touch from the posterior tongue and pharynx, sense of blood pressure and sense of blood gas concentration from arterial baroreceptors and chemoreceptors located in the carotid sinus, and excited muscles of the pharynx important for swallowing, and carries parasympathetic efferent fibers that stimulate the parotid salivary glands

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17
Q

Vagus Nerve (CNX)

A

Both sensory and motor- sensory information from visceral organs, sense of BP, and gas concentrations from arterial baroreceptors and chemoreceptors in the aortic arch, carries the majority of parasympathetic efferent fibers that regulate visceral organs.

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18
Q

Accessory (CNXI)

A

Motor- Excites the trapezius and deltoids

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19
Q

Dorsal Root Ganglia

A

Bulge on dorsal root, contains soma of pseudounipolar sensory neurons

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20
Q

Trunk of a spinal nerve

A

Forms by the fusion of ventral and dorsal nerve roots

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21
Q

Dorsal Ramus

A

Small branch that curves posteriorly and inner ages the skin and muscles of the posterior regions of the body

22
Q

Ventral Ramus

A

Large branch that curves anteriorly and inner ages the anterior trunk and the limbs

23
Q

Nerve Plexus

A

Interlacing nerve network formed by several ventral rami that join together three branch again

24
Q

Cervical Plexus

A

Forms from C1-C5, innervates skin and muscles of the neck and shoulder

25
Q

Phrenic Nerve

A

Forms from ventral rami of C3-C5, excites the diaphragm

26
Q

Brachial Plexus

A

Forms from C5-T1, innervates pectoral girdle and arm

27
Q

What are the 3 trunks of the brachial plexus

A

Superior (C5-C6)
Middle (C7)
Inferior (C8-T1)

28
Q

Lateral Cord

A

Formed from anterior divisions of superior & middle trunks

29
Q

Medial Cord

A

Formed by anterior division of inferior trunk

30
Q

Posterior Cord

A

Formed by union of all 3 posterior divisions

31
Q

Ulnar Nerve

A

Travels down the medial brachial and antebrachial regions
Innervates: Flexors of medial forearm and hand; flexor carpi ulnar is, flexor digital rum profundus
>Forms from C8-T1 by way of the medial cord

32
Q

Medial Nerve

A

Travels down the anterior brachial and antebrachial regions just lateral to the ulnar nerve
Innervates: Flexors of lateral forearm, and hand; flexor carpi radialis, flexor digitorum superficalis
>Forms from C6-T1 by way of the lateral and medial cords

33
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve

A

Travels down the anterior of the brachial region deep to biceps brachii and superficial to brachialis
Innervates: Flexor arm muscles; biceps brachii & brachialis
>Forms from C5-C7 by way of the lateral cord

34
Q

Radial Nerve

A

Travels down the posterior lateral brachial and antebrachial regions
Innervates: Arm and forearm extensor muscles; extensor carpi or digitorum
>Forms from C5-T1 by way of the posterior cord

35
Q

Axillary Nerve

A

Travels through axillary region
Innervates: Deltoid, Teres Minor
>Forms from C5-C6 by way of the posterior cord

36
Q

Lumbar Plexus

A

T12-L4

Innervates: Lower abdomen, medial and anterior portions of the thigh

37
Q

Femoral Nerve

A

Travels down anterior formoral region
Innervates: Quadriceps femoris
>Forms from L2-L4

38
Q

Obturator Nerve

A

Travels down medial femoral region
Innervates: Adductor Magnus, Adductor Longus
>Forms from L2-L4

39
Q

Sacral Plexus

A

L4-S4

Innervates: Lateral and posterior portions of femoral and aural regions

40
Q

Sciatic Nerve

A

Largest Nerve in the body, travels down the posterior femoral region; Excites hamstrings
>Forms from L4-S3

41
Q

Sacral Nerve

A

Innervates posterior compartment of lower leg; gastrocnemius & Soleus

42
Q

Superficial Fibular Nerve

A

Innervates lateral compartment of leg

Fibularis longus and fibularis brevis muscles

43
Q

Deep Fibular Nerve

A

Innervates anterior compartment of lower leg, dorsi flexors and toe extensors; tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus

44
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

Controls Skeletal Muscles, voluntary

45
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

Regulates glands, smooth and cardiac muscles, involuntary

46
Q

Sympathetic Autonomic Division

A

Fight or flight, enables body to cope rapidly when excited, frightened, or during exercise and emergency situations

47
Q

Parasympathetic autonomic division

A

Rest and Digest, dominant in non stressful situations, conserves energy and directs maintenance activities such as digestion and excretion

48
Q

Thoracolumbar Origin

A

Preganglionic fibers emerge from thoracic and lumbar spinal nerve roots (T1-L2)

49
Q

Paravertebral Ganglia

A

Lateral to bodies of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae contains soma of “postganglionic” sympathetic motor neurons that are postsynaptic to the preganglionic sympathetic motor neurons

50
Q

Collateral Ganglia

A

Anterior to the vertebral column

51
Q

Adrenal Medulla

A

Endocrine gland directly stimulated by preganglionic sympathetic fibers

52
Q

Camiosacral Origin

A

Preganglionic fibers emerge from brain stem and sacral regions (through cranial nerves and sacral spinal nerves)

Anatomy 2019 (11 decks)

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