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Anatomy 2019 > Appendicular Skeleton > Flashcards

Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Clavicle (Collarbone)

A

Medium sized flat bone on anterior shoulder

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2
Q

Acromial (lateral) end

A

Articulates w/acromion process of the scapula forming the acromioclacicular (AC) joint

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3
Q

Sternal (medial) end

A

Articulates w/the manubrium

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4
Q

Sternoclavicular joint

A

Only joint between axial and appendicular skeleton

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5
Q

Conoid tubercle or Coracoid tuberosity

A

On inferior surface near acromial end. Attaches to conoid ligament that connects with corocoid process of scapula

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6
Q

Scapula (shoulder blade)

A

large flat bone with triangular body on the posterior of the acromial region (shoulder)

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7
Q

Glencid cavity

A

lateral angle contains fossa that articulates with teh head of humerus to form shoulder

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8
Q

Superior border

A

extends from lateral angle to superior angle

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9
Q

Lateral (axillary) border

A

extends from lateral angle to inferior angle

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10
Q

Medial (vertebral) border

A

extends from superior angle to inferior angle

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11
Q

Acromion (acromial process)

A

flat projection on superior lateral angle articulates with clavicle

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12
Q

Coracoid process

A

projects anterior from lateral angle, serves as origin for short head of biceps brachii, and coracobrachialis, insertion for pectoralis minor

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13
Q

Scapular Spine

A

ridge on posterior superior of body extending from acromion to medial border, origin for deltoid muscle, and insertion for trapezius separates the Supraspinous fossa from the Infraspinous fossa that are origins of supraspinatus and infraspinatus.

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14
Q

Subscapular fossa

A

anterior surface and origin of subscapularis muscle.

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15
Q

Humerus

A

large, long bone in brachial region

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16
Q

Humerus Head

A

articulates with glenoid cavity

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17
Q

Humerus Anatomical neck

A

border of capsule for should joint

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18
Q

Humerus Surgical neck

A

epiphyseal line

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19
Q

Humerus Greater tubercle

A

rough projection on lateral proximal end serves as insertion for supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles of the rotator cuff.

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20
Q

Humerus Lesser tubercle

A

medial to greater serves as the insertion for subscapularis muscle.

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21
Q

Humerus Intertubercular sulcas (groove)

A

space between greater and lesser tubercle serves as insertion for pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, and teres major

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22
Q

Humerus Deltoid tuberosity

A

insertion for deltoid muscle on teh lateral diaphysis just proximal to the middle.

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23
Q

Humerus Radial fossa

A

depression on lateral side of anterior surface at the distal epiphysis accommodates the head of the radius during flexion of the elbow.

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24
Q

Humerus Cerenoid fossa

A

depression on medial side of anterior surface at the distal epipshysis accommodates the coronoid process of the ulna during flexion of the elbow.

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25
Q

Humerus Olecrana fossa

A

depression on posterior surface at the distal epiphysis accomodates the olecranon process of ulna during extension of the elbow.

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26
Q

Humerus Trachlea

A

articular surface on medial side of distal epiphyshsis that articulates with ulna to form the elbow joint.

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27
Q

Humerus Capitulum

A

articular surface on lateral side of distal epiphysis

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28
Q

Humerus Medial epicondyle

A

ridge superiour to trochlea serves as origin for muscles of the forearm that flex the wrist and fingers like flexor carpi radialis, f.c. ulnaris, and f. digitorum superficialis

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29
Q

Humerus Lateral epicondyle

A

ridge superior to capitulum serves as origin for muscles of the forearm the extend the wrist and fingers like extensor carpi radialis brevis, e.c. unaris, and extensor digitorum.

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30
Q

Ulna

A

medium sized long bone in medial antebrachial region.

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31
Q

Ulna Head

A

distal epiphysis

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32
Q

Ulna olecranen process

A

posterior of proximal epiphysis and insertion for triceps

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33
Q

Ulna Coronoid process

A

anterior of proximal epiphysis

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34
Q

Ulna trachlear notch

A

articular surface of prozimal epiphysis

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35
Q

Ulna radial notch

A

smooth indentation on lateral side near the proximal end accommodates the head of the radius

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36
Q

Ulna styloid process

A

small extension on posterior of distal epiphysis stabilizes the wrist.

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37
Q

Ulnar tuberosity

A

rough projection of bone on anterior just inferior to coronoid p. serves as insertion for the brachialis muscle performs flexion of the elbow.

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38
Q

Radius

A

medium sized long bone in lateral antebrachial region

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39
Q

Radius Head

A

proximal epiphysis

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40
Q

Radius Radial tuberosity

A

rough projection of bone on the anterior medial surface of the diaphysis just inferior to the radial head serves as insertin for biceps brachii.

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41
Q

Ulnar notch

A

smooth indentation on the medial side near the distal epiphysis.

42
Q

Radius Styloid process

A

small projection of bone extending distal fro the lateral side of the distal epiphysis to stabilize the wrist

43
Q

Carpal Bones

A

small short bones in the wrist

44
Q

Carpal bones from lateral to medial Proximal Row

A

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform,

45
Q

Carpal bones from lateral to medial Distal Row

A

Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate

46
Q

Metacarpals

A

Small long bones in the palmar region

47
Q

Number digits 1-5 from lateral to medial

A

Pollex or thumb = 1st metacarpal/Little finer = 5th metacarpal.

48
Q

Phalanges

A

Small long bones in didits @same as metacarpals: 1-5 from lateral to medial.
Each digit has a Proximal - Middle & Distal Phalanx
(except for the Pollex 1st digit had just proximal and distal)

49
Q

Pelvic Girdle (PG)

A

formed by two halves, each called the Coxal one (Os Coxa) Each Os Coxa is formed by the fusion of three separate bones:

50
Q

Pelvic Girdle Ilium

A

bone that forms the flat superior region of the coxal bone.

51
Q

(PG) Iliac crest

A

ridge on superior end is the origin for the internal abdominal oblique and insertion for external abdominal oblique that perform flexion and rotation of the vertebral column.

52
Q

(PG) Iliac fossa

A

smooth anterior surface origin of iliacus muscle that performs hip flexion.

53
Q

(PG) Anterior superior Iliac spine

A

small pointed process at anterior border of iliac crest and origin of sartorius muscle that laterally rotates and abducts hip.

54
Q

(PG) Anterior inferior iliac spine

A

origin of rectus femoris of the quadriceps group that extend the knee

55
Q

(PG) Posterior superior iliac spine

A

small pointed process at posterior border of iliac crest

56
Q

(PG) Posterior inferior iliac spine

A

small pointed process at the superior border of the greater sciatic crest.

57
Q

(PG) Greater sciatic notch

A

large curve on posterior where the largest nerve in the body travels

58
Q

(PG) Acetabulum

A

articulates with head of femur to form hip joint.

59
Q

Ischium

A

bone that forms the inferior posterior region of the coxal bone

60
Q

Ischial spine

A

Small process at inferior border of greater sciatic notch and superior border of Lesser Sciatic notch.

61
Q

Obturator foramen

A

large opening are origin of obturator muscles that assist with lateral rotation and abduction of hip.

62
Q

Ischial tuberosity

A

rough projection on posterior inferior is origin for hamstring muscles that flex the knee (bicps femoris long head, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus)

63
Q

Ischial ramus

A

projects anterior along the inferior border to articulate with the inferior pubic ramus.

64
Q

Pubis

A

bone that forms the inferior anterior region of the coxal bone.

65
Q

Pubic symphysis (only on a complete pelvis)

A

articulation between medial surfaces of right and left pubis composed of gibrocartilate.

66
Q

Superior pubic ramus

A

projects lateral toward acetabulum superior to obturator foramen.

67
Q

Inferior Pubic ramus

A

articulates w/ischial ramus forming inferior border of obturator foramen.

68
Q

Pubic tubercle

A

small rounded projection on anterior is superior border of inferior pubic ramus and medial border of superior pubic ramus.

69
Q

pubic angle/arch

A

angle formed below pubic symphsis by L and R inferior pubic ramus.

70
Q

Femur

A

largest long bone, located in femoral refion (thigh)

71
Q

Femur Head

A

articulates with acetabulum

72
Q

Femur Fovea

A

depression on the femoral head that attaches to ligament of the head to help stabilize the hip joint

73
Q

Femur Neck

A

narrow region connecting head diaphysis

74
Q

Femur Lesser Trochanter

A

large rough projection on proximal end medial to neck is insertion for iliacus and psoas muscles that flex the hip.

75
Q

Femur Greater Trochanter

A

large rough projection on proximal end lateral to neck, insertin for gluteus mediums and piriformis muscles that abduct the hip.

76
Q

Femur Intertrochanteric crest

A

ridge on posterior connecting greater and less trochanter

77
Q

Femur Intertrochanteric line

A

on anterior between greater and lesser trochanter is the distal edge of hip joint capsule

78
Q

Gluteal tuberosity

A

rough projection of posterior of proximal diaphysis just inferior to greater trochanter is insertion for gluteus maximus that extends the hip.

79
Q

Linea aspera

A

“rough line” elevatin on mid line of posterior diaphysis is origin for biceps femoris short head of quadriceps muscle group that flex the knee and insertion for adductor magnus.

80
Q

Medial and Lateral epicondyle

A

ridges superior to smooth articular surfaces of medial and lateral condyles that form the knee joint at the distal epiphysis.

81
Q

Intercondylar fossa

A

deep indentation between medial and lateral condyles

82
Q

Patellar surface

A

smooth anterior side of distal epiphysis.

83
Q

Patella

A

large sesamoid bone imbedded in tendon of quadriceps femoris (patellar tendon), protects anterior of knee, attaches to the tibial tuberosity through the patellar ligament and functions as an anatomical pulley in extension of the knee.m

84
Q

Tibia

A

Large long bone, located in medial crural region (leg)

85
Q

Medial and lateral condyle

A

smooth articular surfaces on proximal epiphysis

86
Q

Intercondylar eminence

A

ridge between medial and lateral condyles

87
Q

Tibial tuberosity

A

rough projection on anterior of proximal epiphysis.

88
Q

Anterior crest/margin

A

ridge on surface of diaphysis distal to tibial tuberosity

89
Q

Medial malleolus

A

“hammer” projects from distal epiphysis on medial side to prevent lateral sliding on the talus.

90
Q

Fibula

A

large long bone located in lateral crural region

91
Q

Fibula Head

A

proximal epiphysis

92
Q

Fibula lateral malleolus

A

projects from distal epiphysis to stabilize ankle joint.

93
Q

Tarsals

A

medium to large short bones in ankle and posterior pedal region.

94
Q

Talus

A

2nd largest tarsal articulates with tibia and fibula to form ankle joint.

95
Q

Calcaneus

A

largest tarsal forms the heel and is the insertion for plantar flexors of sural region (gastrocnemius and soleus) via Achilles (calcaneal) tendon.

96
Q

Cuboid

A

large cube shaped short bone in the lateral pedal region that articulates with talus and cuneiform bones.

97
Q

Lateral cuneiform

A

articulates w/medial side of cuboid and base of 3rd metatarsal.

98
Q

Intermediate cuneiform

A

articulates with base of 2nd metatarsal.

99
Q

Medial cuneiform

A

articulates with base of 1st metatarsal.

100
Q

Metatarsals

A

small long bones in carpal region #1-5 medial - lateral (Hallux has 1st metatarsal)

101
Q

Phalanges

A

Small long bones in pedal digits # same as the metatarsals 1 -5

102
Q

Phalanges Proximal - Middle - Distal

A

Except for the hallux 1st digit (only proximal and distal)

Anatomy 2019 (11 decks)

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