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NSB Biweekly 1 > Peripheral Nerves physical exam > Flashcards

Peripheral Nerves physical exam Flashcards

1
Q

cervical spinal nerves

A

8

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2
Q

thoracic spinal nerves

A

12

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3
Q

lumbar spinal nerves

A

5

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4
Q

sacral spinal nerves

A

5

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5
Q

coccygeal spinal nerve

A

1

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6
Q

of each spinal nerve, what contains the motor fibers

A

anterior (ventral) root

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7
Q

of each spinal nerve, what contains the sensory fibers

A

posterior (dorsal) root

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8
Q

spinal nerve is made of

A

anterior and posterior roots

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9
Q

Spinal nerve fibers commingle with similar fibers from other levels in plexuses outside the cord, from which _______ nerves emerge

A

peripheral

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10
Q

migraine, tension, cluster and trigeminal cephalagias

A

headaches

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11
Q

what to assess when someone presents with HA

A

location, duration, any associated symptoms (double vision, vision changes, weakness, loss of sensation)

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12
Q

what can signal meningitis

A

fever, HA, stiff neck
previous ear, sinus, throat, URI infection

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13
Q

vertigo 2 main causes

A

peripheral (ear)
central (brain)

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14
Q

“pins and needles”

A

paresthesia

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15
Q

burning pain

A

neuropathies (diabetic)

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16
Q

_____ is associated with UMN damage

A

hypertonia

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17
Q

____ is associated with hypotonia

A

LMN damage

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18
Q

grade for muscle strength with active movement against gravity

A

3

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19
Q

grade for muscle strength with active movement against gravity AND some resistance

A

4

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20
Q

spinal n. and muscle associated with shoulder abduction

A

C5-deltoid

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21
Q

spinal n. and muscles associated with shoulder adduction

A

C7- pectoralis major, lattisimus dorsi

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22
Q

spinal nerves and muscles associated with elbow flexion

A

C5, C6- biceps and bracioradialis

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23
Q

spinal nerves and muscle associated with elbow extension

A

C6, C7, C8- triceps

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24
Q

spinal nerves and muscles associated with wrist flexion

A

C6, C7, C8- flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus

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25
Q

spinal nerves and muscles associated with wrist extension

A

C6, C7, C8, radial n.- extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

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26
Q

spinal nerves involved in grip strength

A

C7, C8, T1

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27
Q

spinal nerves and muscles involved with finger abduction

A

C8, T1, ulnar n.–dorsal interossei

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28
Q

spinal nerve and muscle involved in finger adduction

A

T1–palmar interossei

29
Q

spinal nerves involved with opposition of the thumb

A

C8, T1, median n.

30
Q

spinal nerves and muscles involved with hip abduction

A

L4, L5, S1–gluteus medius and minimus

31
Q

spinal nerves and muscles involved in hip adduction

A

L2, L3, L4–adductors

32
Q

spinal nerves and muscle involved in hip flexion

A

L2, L3, L4—iliopsoas

33
Q

spinal nerve and muscle involved in hip extension

A

S1- gluteus maximus

34
Q

spinal nerves and muscle involved in knee flexion

A

L4, L5, S1, S2—hamstrings

35
Q

spinal nerves and muscle involved in knee extension

A

L2, L3, L4—-quadriceps

36
Q

spinal nerves and muscle involved in foot dorsiflexion

A

L4, L5—tibialis anterior

37
Q

spinal nerve and muscles involved in plantarflexion

A

S1—gastrocnemius, soleus

38
Q

when testing for sharp vs dull, and light touch, what spinal nerve is tested on tops of shoulders

A

C4

39
Q

when testing for sharp vs dull, and light touch, what spinal nerve is tested on the medial and lateral aspects of forearm

A

C6,T1

40
Q

when testing for sharp vs dull, and light touch, what spinal nerve is tested on the thumbs and pinkie fingers

A

C6, C8

41
Q

when testing for sharp vs dull, and light touch, what spinal nerve is tested on the front of the thighs

A

L2

42
Q

when testing for sharp vs dull, and light touch, what spinal nerve is tested on the medial and lateral aspects of both legs

A

L4, L5

43
Q

when testing for sharp vs dull, and light touch, what spinal nerve is tested on the little toes

A

S1

44
Q

____ sense is often the first sensation lost in peripheral neuropathy

A

vibration

45
Q

joint position sense

A

proprioception

46
Q

___ and ____ can be seen in multiple sclerosis, B12 deficiency, diabetic neuropathy, and others

A

loss of position sense and loss of vibration

47
Q

ability to identify object by feeling it

A

Stereognosis

48
Q

ability to identify numbers when writing it on patients hand

A

graphesthesia

49
Q

lesions of ____ cortex are involved with parietal lobe

A

sensory

50
Q

lesions of _____ cortex are involved with frontal lobe

A

motor

51
Q

grade for average/normal muscle stretch reflex

A

2

52
Q

____ are seen in CNS lesions of the descending corticospinal tract

A

hyperactive reflexes

53
Q

weakness, spasticity, or a positive Babinski sign

A

upper motor neuron findings

54
Q

___ or ____ reflexes occur in lesions of the spinal nerve roots, spinal nerves, plexuses, or peripheral nerves

A

hypoactive or absent

55
Q

weakness, atrophy, or fasciculations

A

lower motor neuron findings

56
Q

_____ initiates voluntary movement (located in the brain)

A

UMN

57
Q

____ carries out the voluntary movement (located in the spinal cord)

A

LMN

58
Q

spinal nerves involved with biceps reflex

A

C5, C6

59
Q

spinal nerves involved with triceps reflex

A

C6, C7

60
Q

spinal nerves involved in brachioradialis reflex

A

C5, C6

61
Q

spinal nerves involved with the quadriceps (patellar) reflex

A

L2, L3, L4

62
Q

spinal nerves involved with the Achilles (ankle) reflex

A

S1

63
Q

present if rhythmic oscillations between dorsiflexion and plantar flexion are felt or seen; points to CNS disease

A

clonus

64
Q

spinal nerves involved with plantar reflex

A

L5, S1

65
Q

a positive ____ response is when there is dorsiflexion when doing plantar response and means there is a CNS lesion affecting what tract

A

Babinski response; corticospinal tract

66
Q

assess for meningeal inflammation
Technique:
Flex the patient’s neck, watch the hips and knees in reaction to your maneuver.
Normally they should stay relaxed/motionless.
If the hips and knees flex it is a positive sign

A

Brudzinski sign

67
Q

assess for meningeal inflammation
Technique:
Flex patient’s leg at hip and knee, and then slowly extend the leg and straighten the knee.
Pain and increased resistance to knee extension are a positive sign

A

Kernig sign

68
Q

assess for lumbosacral radiculopathy
- Technique:
Place patient in a supine position.
Raise the patient’s relaxed and straightened leg, flexing the thigh at the hip.
Assess the degree of elevation at which pain occurs, the quality and distribution of pain.
Pain radiating in into the ipsilateral leg is + finding

A

Straight-leg raise

69
Q

Assesses for metabolic encephalopathy (like in kidney disease
Technique:
Ask patient to “stop traffic” by extending both arms, with hands cocked up and fingers spread.
Watch for 1 to 2 minutes.
Sudden, brief, nonrhythmic flexion of hands and fingers followed by recovery indicates ____

A

Asterixis

NSB Biweekly 1 (15 decks)

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