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Viscera and Visceral > Perineum > Flashcards

Perineum Flashcards

1
Q

what is inferior to the pelvic floor ceiling

A

pelvic diaphragm

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2
Q

what makes up the pelvic diaphragm (2)

A

leavor ani and coccygeus

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3
Q

what is the peripheral boundary inferior to the pelvic floor

A

pelvic outlet

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4
Q

what makes up the pelvic outlet (6)

A

pubic symphysis, ischiopubic rami, ischial tuberosity, sacrotuberous ligament, sacrum, coccyx

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5
Q

what is the inferior to the pelvic floor divided into (2)

A

urogenital and anal triangles

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6
Q

are the urogenital and anal triangles in the same plane

A

no

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7
Q

what demarcates the line between urogenital and anal triangles

A

ischial tuberosity

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8
Q

what is located inferior to the pelvic floor (3)

A

external openings of genitourinary tracts, external openings of GI tract, external genitalia attachment

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9
Q

what supplies inferior to the pelvic floor (2)

A

pudendal nerve and internal pudendal artery

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10
Q

what is located in the urogenital triangle (4)

A

external genitalia roots, urethral opening, vaginal opening, fibromuscular support

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11
Q

what fibromuscular support is located in the urogenital triangle (2)

A

perineal membrane and deep perineal pouch

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12
Q

what is located in the anal triangle (2)

A

anus and internal anal sphincter

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13
Q

what is located in the centre of the division between the triangles

A

centre point of the perineum

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14
Q

what is the perineal membrane (3)

A

tough fibrous fascia, erectile body attachment, external genitalia attachment

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15
Q

perineal body appearance (6)

A

irregular, variable, fibromuscular, collagen, elastin, smooth and skeletal muscle

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16
Q

what is located on the anterior inferior aspect of the pelvic outlet

A

inferior pubic ligament

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17
Q

what are the 3 external anal sphincters

A

deep, superificial, subcutaneous

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18
Q

which anal sphincter is voluntary

A

external

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19
Q

perineal body function (2)

A

associates with perineum and muscle attachment

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20
Q

which muscles attach to the perineal body (4)

A

levator ani, external anal sphincter, superficial transverse perineal muscle, bulbospongiosus

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21
Q

what muscle lines the anterior rim of the pelvic outlet

A

ischiocavernosus

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22
Q

perineal fascia deep to superficial (2)

A

deep perineal pouch and perineal membrane

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23
Q

deep peineal pouch contents (5)

A

muscles, urethra, vagina, urethral sphincters, bulbouethral glands

24
Q

what does the perineal membrane divide

A

deep and superficial perrineal space

25
Q

muscles for perineal body stabilisation and urethral closure (4)

A

deep transverse perineal muscle, external urethral sphincter/urethral rhabdosphincter, sphincter urethrovaginalis, compressor urethrae

26
Q

which muscles for perineal body stabilisation and urethral closure are only in females (2)

A

sphincter urethrovaginalis and compressor urethrae

27
Q

what is the superificial perineal pouch between (2)

A

perineal membrane and membranous superficial fascia

28
Q

what does the superficial perineal pouch contain (7)

A

erectile tissue, external genitalia, superficial transverse perineal muscle, ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus, skene’s gland, Bartholin’s/vestibular gland

29
Q

what superifical perineal pouch contents are only in females (2)

A

skene’s gland, Bartholin’s and vestibular gland

30
Q

what ligament is attached to the clitoris

A

suspensory ligament of the clitoris

31
Q

what ligament slings around the penis

A

fundiform ligament of the penis

32
Q

what ligament attaches to the dorsal side of the penis

A

suspensory ligament of the penis

33
Q

what is the line down the middle of bulbospongiosus muscle in males

A

midline raphae

34
Q

what is posterior to the vagina in females and the urethra in males

A

urogenital hiatus

35
Q

Levator ani muscles lateral to medial (3)

A

iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, puborectalis

36
Q

pelvic diaphragm muscles lateral to medial (4)

A

coccygeus, iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, puborectalis

37
Q

what muscle envelopes the bulbourethral gland

A

deep transverse perineal muscle

38
Q

what vessels are covered with the perineal membrane

A

deep perineal vessels

39
Q

what anterior nerves and vessels are just deep to the perineal membrane (2)

A

dorsal of the penis and dorsal of the clitoris

40
Q

Deepest structures (9)

A

urethra, vagina, urogenital hiatus, rectum, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus, coccygeux, levator ani, pelvic diaphragm

41
Q

semi deep structures (6)

A

external urethral sphincter, compressor urethrae, bulbourethral gland, urethrovaginal sphincter, deep transverse perineum, smooth muscle

42
Q

where is the bulbourethral gland located

A

deep transverse perineum

43
Q

middle structures (3)

A

dorsal nerve and vessels of penis, dorsal nerves and vessels of clitoris, deep perineal vessels with perineal membrane

44
Q

semi superficial structures (9)

A

body of clitoris, urethra, corpus cavernosum, corpus spongiosum, crus, ischial ramus, bulb of penis/vestibule, greater vestibular gland

45
Q

external structures (10)

A

urethra, external urethral orifice, vaginal orifice, ischiocavernosus, raphae of bulbospongiosus, bulbospongiosus, superficial transverse perineal, perineal body, anus, external anal sphincter

46
Q

male urogenital triangle contains (2)

A

corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum

47
Q

paired bodies of erectile tissue forming body of penis

A

corpora cavernosa

48
Q

what attaches corpora cavernosa to pubic arch

49
Q

single body of erectile tissue, contains urethra

A

corpus spongiosum

50
Q

what attaches corpus spongiosum to perineal membrane

51
Q

where does the corpus spongiosum extend to

A

glans penis

52
Q

important elements of male urogenital triangle (5)

A

corpora cavernosa, corpus spongiosum with urethra, crus of penis, glans penis, bulb of penis

53
Q

other elements of the male urogenital triangle (3)

A

external urethral orifice, navicular fossa of urethra, bulbourethral gland in deep pouch

54
Q

contents of the female urogenital triangle (5)

A

corpora cavernosa, crura, body of clitoris, bulbe of vestibule, glans clitoris

55
Q

where is the greater vestibular gland located

A

superficial pouch

56
Q

another name for greater vestibular gland

A

bartholin’s gland

Viscera and Visceral (24 decks)

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