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Viscera and Visceral > Heart and the Pericardium > Flashcards

Heart and the Pericardium Flashcards

1
Q

Circulation elements (13)

A

pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, lung, heart, heart base, heart apex, 4 chambers, 2 sides, arteries, veins, arterioles, venules, capillary bed

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2
Q

Heart chambers (4)

A

right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle

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3
Q

Heart great vessels (9)

A

ascending aortta, arch of aorta, deescending aorta, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, left pulmonary arteries, right pulmonary arteries, left pulmonary veins, right pulmonary veins

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4
Q

pouching in the pericardium folding on itself

A

pericardial sinuses

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5
Q

pericardial sinuses (2)

A

transverse and oblique

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6
Q

heart surface anatomy (11)

A

small cardiac vein, inferior margin, apex, obtuse margin, anterior interventricular groove, great cardiac vein, anterior interventricular branch of left coronary artery, auricles, coronary sinus, sulcus terminalis

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7
Q

nerves running anterior to heart

A

phrenic nerves

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8
Q

double layer membrane around heart

A

serous pericardium

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9
Q

heart layer elements (8)

A

visceral layer, parietal layer, pericardial space, fibrous pericardium, central tendon of diaphragm, endocardium, myocardium, epicardium

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10
Q

another name for epicardium

A

visceral layer of serous pericardium

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11
Q

where is heart pain referred to (2)

A

thoracic walls and proximal upper arms

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12
Q

visceral sensory fibres from the heart enter at

A

T1-T4

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13
Q

parasympathetic nerve supply to the heart (3)

A

decreases HR, vagus nerve, parasympathetic cardiac nerves

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14
Q

sympathetic nerve supply to the heart (6)

A

increases HR, increases force of contraction, preganglionic fibres T1-T4, postganglionic fibres from cervical and upper thoracic sympathetic ganglia, sympathetic cardiac nerves, cardiac plexus

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15
Q

Heart valves open in diastole

A

tricuspid and mitral

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16
Q

Heart valves open in systole

A

aortic and pulmonary

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17
Q

heart valves (4)

A

pulmonary semilunar, aortic semilunar, mitral, tricuspid

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18
Q

heart valves connected by

A

fibroskeleton

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19
Q

mitral valve leaflets (3)

A

anterior 1-3 and posterior 1-3

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20
Q

tricuspid valve leaflets (3)

A

anterior, septal, posterior

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21
Q

aortic valve leaflets

A

left coronary cusp, right coronary cusp, non coronary cusp

22
Q

where is the non coronary cusp

A

posterior aortic valve

23
Q

pulmonary valve leaflets

A

left coronary cusp, right coronary cusp, anterior coronary cusp

24
Q

which valve is more anterior

A

pulmonary valve

25
Q

which set of valves are more posterior

A

atrioventricular valves

26
Q

atrioventricular valves (2)

A

mitral and tricuspid

27
Q

shunts present in fetus (2)

A

ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale

28
Q

foramen ovale becomes

A

fossa ovalis

29
Q

ductus arteriosus becomes

A

ligamentum arteriosum

30
Q

septal anatomy (7)

A

chordae tendinae, trabeculae carnae, papillary muscles, aortic vestibule, left atriovenricular orifice, septomarginal band/moderator band, conus arteriosus

31
Q

ventricle with the thickest myocardium

32
Q

right atrium elements (8)

A

interatrial septum, fossa ovalis, inferior vena cava, superior vena cava, opening of coronary sinus, crista terminalis, musculi pectinati, auricle

33
Q

heart surface grooves (2)

A

atrioventricular and interventricular

34
Q

right atrium features (9)

A

superior vena cava, inter atrial spetum, fossa ovalis, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus opening, right atrioventricular orifice, musculi pectinati, crista terminalis, auricle

35
Q

top of crista terminalis

A

sinoatrial node

36
Q

right ventricle features (9)

A

pulmonary trunk, pulmonary semilunar valve, conus arteriosus, interventricular septum, tricuspid valve, chordae tendinae, trabeculae carrnae, papillary muscles x3, septomarginal band

37
Q

right ventricle papillary muscles (3)

A

anterior, posterior, septal

38
Q

left ventricle papillary muscles (2)

A

anterolateral and posteromedial

39
Q

tricuspid valve cusps (3)

A

anterior, posterior, septal

40
Q

mitral valve cusps (6)

A

anterior (1,2,3) and posterior (1,2,3)

41
Q

mitral valve cusp numbering goes in which direction

A

lateral to medial

42
Q

pulmonary valve cusps (3)

A

anterior, left, right

43
Q

aortic valve cusps (3)

A

right, left, posterior

44
Q

pulmonary trunk splits into (2)

A

left pulmonary artery and right pulmonary artery

45
Q

what closes the semilunar valves

A

blood backflow

46
Q

what closes the atrioventricular valves

A

papillary muscles

47
Q

what moderates the closure of the tricuspid valve

A

septomarginal band

48
Q

left atrium features (3)

A

auricle, left pulmonary veins, left atrioventricular orifice

49
Q

left ventricle features (8)

A

aorta, chordae tendinae, trabeculae carnae, papillary muscles x2, thickest myocardium, mitral valve, aortic semilunar valve, aortic vestibule

Viscera and Visceral (24 decks)

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