Pelvic structures Flashcards
The pelvis can be split into (2)
greater/false and lesser/true
plural of ala
alae
what is between the pelvic inlet and the pelvic outlet (2)
pelvic walls and pelvic floor
what is the False pelvis part of
abdominal cavity
what are the boundaries of the false pelvis (2)
pelvic inlet and iliac alae/crest
cavity components (11)
vertebral column, abdominal cavity, ASIS, sacrum, false/greater pelvis, true/lesser pelvis, pelvic cavity, coccyx, anal aperture, perineum, penis
what is the function of the pelvis for the upper body
weight bearing
when does the pelvis weightbear for the upper body (2)
sitting or standing
pelvic bone function (6)
weight bearing, weight transfer, muscle attachment, protection and support, pelvic floor attachment, erectile body attachment
when is pelvic bones used in weight transfer (2)
standing and walking
what muscles are attached to pelvic bones (2)
locomotion and posture muscles
what do pelvic bones protect and support (2)
abdominal and pelvic viscera
what parts of the pelvic floor are attached to pelvic bones (2)
muscles and fascia
what erectile body is attached to pelvic bones
external genitalia
bones of the pelvic girdle (2)
hip bones and sacrum
hip bones (3)
ilium, ischium, pubis
what makes the sacrum
5 fused sacral vertebrae
Key pelvic bone elements (4)
iliac crest, ala of ilium, pubic symphysis, pubic arch
other pelvic bone elements (12)
ala of sacrum, sacro iliac joint, pelvic brim, ASIS, AIIS, ischial spine, acetabular fossa, superior pubic ramus, obturator foramen, pubic tubercle, ischial tuberosity, inferior ramus of pubis
pelvic outline line runs along (3)
ischial tuberosity, inferior pubic ramus, pubic symphysis
pelvic inlet runs along (4)
alae of sacrum, pelvic brim, pubis, pubic symphysis
key component of hip joint
acetabulum
hip joint is made up of (2)
acetabulum and head of femur
what is between hip bones in immature patients
cartilage
which bones make up the acetabulum (3)
ischium, ilium, pubis
other elements of the hip bone laterally (9)
ASIS, AIIS, greater sciatic notch, pubic tubercle, ischial spine, obturator canal, lesser sciatic notch, obturator membrane, ischial tuberosity
key elements of the hip bone medially (3)
obturator canal, obturator membrane, obturator foramen
anterior aspect of the hip bone
abdominal part
posterior aspect of the hip bone
pelvic part
pectin pubis
pectineal line
the pelvis is (3)
cylinder wall, inlet, outlet
opening between abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity surrounded by bones and joints
pelvic inlet
Pelvic inlet formed by (7)
S1 promontory, margin of sacral alae, sacroiliac joint, arcuate line, pectineal line, pubic crest, pubic tubercle, pubic symphysis
linea terminalis is composed of (3)
pubic crest, pectineal line, arcuate line
ligaments around the pubic symphysis (2)
superior pubic ligament and inferior pubic ligament
origin and insertion of the superior pubic ligament
pubic crests
origin and insertion of the inferior pubic ligament
inferior pubic rami
other bony features surrounding the pubic symphysis (4)
pectineal line, obturator foramen, pubic tubercle, ischial ramus
what is the superior edge of the pubic symphysis in line with (same plane)
ASIS
ASIS
anterior superior iliac spine
in which direction is the pelvic cavity projected in relation to the abdominal cavity and pelvic inlet
posteriorly
angle of pelvic cavity in relation to the horizontal plane
50-60 degrees forwards
the pubic symphysis is between the
pubic tubercles
what articulates superior to the sacrum
L5
what articulates inferiorly to the sacrum
coccyx
anterior elements of the sacrum (3)
Ala, promontory, anterior sacral forramina
elements of the coccyx (2)
cornua and transverse process
posterior elements of the sacrum (5)
sacral canal, superior articular processes, posterior sacral foramina, sacral hiatus, sacral cornua
lateral elements of the sacrum (4)
superior articular process, Ala, promontory, articular facet for hip bone
elements composing the anterior pelvic outlet (6)
pubic symphysis, inferiorr border of body of pubis, inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium, ischial tuberosity, pubic arch
elements composing the posterior pelvic outlet (2)
sacrotuberous ligament and coccyx
what closes the pelvic outlet
pelvic floor
involuntary visceral supply
autonomic
smooth muscle is for (2)
voiding and continence
voiding is
parasympathetic
continence is
sympathetic
other visceral roles (2)
glandular secretions and vascular regulation
voluntary is
somatic
voluntary role in pelvic structures
striated muscle contraction
striated muscle contraction example
external urethral sphincter
what does healthy function require of the nervous system
visceral and somatic coordination
where are there a lot of motor neurons located
detrusor muscle
where are there a lot of sensory neurons located
lamina propia of urothelium
visceral afferents detect (4)
muscle distension, chemical change, physical damage, flow
what chemical changes can be altered (2)
pH and infection
damage sensing
nociception
flow is sensed where
proximal urethra
visceral sensory neuron features (3)
thin, unmyelinated, unspecified endings
why must perfusion and function match a dynamic environment (2)
organ distension and pregancy
what is voiding coordinated with (2)
bowel function and sexual dunction
what controls voiding (4)
pelvic floor, sphincters, posture, behaviour
chronic pain conditions (2)
interstitial cystitis and bladder pain syndrome
comorbidities in chronic pain
endometriosis and irritable bowel syndrome
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