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LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy Exam 2 > Perineum 1 > Flashcards

Perineum 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the perineum located

A

inferior to the pelvic diaphragm

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2
Q

What is the roof and the floor of the perineum composed of

A

roof: pelvic diaphragm and fascia
floor: skin and fascia

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3
Q

What are the superior boundaries to the perineum

A

pelvic diaphragm and urogentinal hiatus

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4
Q

What is contained within the urogenital hiatus in males

A

urethra and rectum

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5
Q

What is contained in the urogenital hiatus in females

A

urethra, rectum, and vagina

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6
Q

What is the function of the urogenital diaphragm

A

supports pelvic viscera

reinforces pelvic diaphragm

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7
Q

What is contained within the superficial pouch

A

2 erectile bodies
3 muscles
greater vestibular glands (females)

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8
Q

What are the 2 erectile bodies in the superficial pouch

A 
corpus cavernosa (crus)
corpus spongiosus (bulb)
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9
Q

What are the 3 muscles in the superficial pouch

A

superficial transverse perineal
bulbospongiosus
ischiocavernosus

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10
Q

What is contained within the deep pouch

A 
deep transverse perineal m
bulbourethral glands (males)
external urethral sphincter
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11
Q

What is the central tendon of the perineum

A

perineal body

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12
Q

What is the structure composition of the perineal body

A

contains collagen, elastic fibers, skeletal and smooth muscle

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13
Q

What muscle will cover the crura

A

ischiocavernosus

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14
Q

What is the superior limit of the superficial pouch

A

perineal membrane

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15
Q

What is another name for the perineal membrane

A

inferior UGD

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16
Q

What muscles attach to the perineal body

A

levator ani
bulbospongiosus
deep and superficial transverse perineal
external anal sphincter

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17
Q

What forms the roof of the deep perineal pouch

A

Deep (superior) fascia of the UG diaphragm

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18
Q

What fascia will attach to the perineal body

A

Colle’s fascia
Perineal membrane
Superior fascia of UGD
Deep perineal fascia

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19
Q

What are the muscles of the deep perineal pouch of females

A

deep transverse perineal
external urethral sphincter
compressor urethrae
urethrovaginal sphincter

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20
Q

Where is the ischioanal fossa found

A

between pelvic diaphragm and gluteus maximus

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21
Q

What are the muscles in the deep perineal pouch in males

A

deep transverse perineal
external urethral sphincter
compressor urethrae

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22
Q

What structures are at risk during a medial episiotomy

A

central tendon

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23
Q

What is the function of the ischioanal fossa

A

allows expansion during defecation and child birth

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24
Q

What are the divisions of the ischioanal fossa

A

anterior and posterior recesses

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25
Q

What are the two layers of the superficial perineal fascia

A

fatty subcutaneous and

deep membranous fascia

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26
Q

What is the name for the deep membranous fascia of the superficial perineal fascia

A

Colle’s fascia

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27
Q

What is Colle’s fascia continuous with

A

Scarpa’s fascia

28
Q

What does the superficial perineal fascia attach to

A

fascia lata in thigh
pubic arch
posterior border of perineal membrane

29
Q

Where does the superficial perineal fascia extend to

A

extends over penis and scrotum

30
Q

What is the name of the fascia that extends over penis and scrotum

A

Dartos fascia

31
Q

What does the tunic of the Dartos fascia contain

A

smooth muscle

32
Q

What is Darto’s fascia a continuation of

A

Scarpa’s fascia

33
Q

What is the deep perineal fascia continous with

A

fascia of external oblique and external spermatic fascia

34
Q

What will deep perineal fascia be continuous with over the penis

A

Buck’s fascia

35
Q

What does Buck’s fascia surround

A

all three cavernous bodies
2 dorsal arteries and nerves
deep dorsal vein

36
Q

What does Buck’s fascia separate

A

corpus spongiosum from the two corpora cavernosa

37
Q

Where will urine collect if the urethra is ruptured above the perineal membrane

A

pelvic cavity

38
Q

Where will urine collect if the urethra is punctured but buck’s fascia remains in tact

A

penis shaft

39
Q

Where will urine collect if urethra is ruptured and bucks fascia is also torn

A

superifical perineal space and under colle’s fascia

into the scrotum

40
Q

Where will urine collect from a ruptured membranous urethra

A

deep perineal space

41
Q

in which part of the penis the urethra contained

A

corpus spongiosum

42
Q

What are the different parts of the male external genitalia

A

bulb
corona
glans
crura

43
Q

What is the bulb of the penis

A

enlarged region at the bas of the corpora spongiosum

44
Q

What is the bulb of the penis penetrated by

A

urethra

45
Q

What is the glans of the penis

A

expanded cap-like portion

46
Q

What does the glans of the penis contain

A

external urethral orifice

47
Q

What is the corona of the penis

A

edge of glands that extends backwards over corpora cavernosa

48
Q

What is the crura of the penis

A

legs of the corpus cavernosa

49
Q

What is the crura of the penis attached to

A

ischiopubic ramus

50
Q

What is the function of the bulbospongiosus muscle in males

A

to empty the urethra
compress deep dorsal vein and erectile tissue
contracts during ejaculation

51
Q

What is the function of the ischiocavernosus muscle in males

A

moves blood caudal to rostral
compress deep dorsal vein
restricts venous outflow

52
Q

What is the function of the superficial transverse perineal muscle

A

stabilize perineal body

53
Q

What is the fundiform ligament

A

extension of linea alba
superior to the pubic symphysis
forms a sling

54
Q

What is the suspensory ligament

A

deep fascia arising from the pubic symphysis to form a sling

55
Q

What is peyronie’s disease

A

fibromatosis of tunica albuginea and buck’s fascia

56
Q

What is varicocele

A

dilation of the spermatic vein due to impaired drainage

57
Q

What side are varicoceles more common

A

left

58
Q

What causes varicoceles

A

SMA syndrome

59
Q

What artery supplies the perineum

A

internal pudendal artery

60
Q

What are the branches of the pudendal artery

A

superficial and deep dorsal arteries
inferior rectal
artery of bulb
posterior scrotal

61
Q

What does the external pudendal artery (deep/superficial) supply

A

supplies to the penile and scrotal skin

62
Q

Where does the deep dorsal vein drain

A

prostatic venous plexus

63
Q

Where does the superficial dorsal vein drain

A

external pudendal veins

64
Q

What do the dorsal arteries of the penis supply

A

penis

65
Q

What do the deep arteries of the penis supply

A

inside corpora caverosa

involved in erection

66
Q

What do the arteries of the bulb supply

A

corpora spongiosum

bulbourethral glands

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy Exam 2 (22 decks)

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