Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy Exam 2 > Pelvic Nerves, ANS, Lymphatics > Flashcards

Pelvic Nerves, ANS, Lymphatics Flashcards

1
Q

What spinal levels are found in the lumbosacral trunk

A

L4-L5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the sacral plexus

A

Lumbosacral trunk and ventral rami S1-S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the levels of the sacral plexus

A

L4-S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is the sacral plexus located

A

anterior to piriformis, exits the sacral foramina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What spinal levels are seen in the obturator nerve

A

L2-L4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the nerves of the sacral plexus

A 
pudendal
nerve to levator ani, coccygeus, and external anal sphincter
nerve to piriformis
sciatic
superior gluteal
inferior gluteal
pelvic spanchnics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What spinal level is Pudendal nerve

A

S2-S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What spinal level is nerve to levator ani, coccygeus, and external anal sphincter

A

S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What spinal level is nerve to piriformis

A

S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What spinal level is sciatic enrve

A

L4-S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the spinal level for superior gluteal

A

L4-S1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the spinal level for inferior gluteal

A

L5-S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the spinal level for splanchnic nerves

A

S2-S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the course of the pudendal nerve

A

exits GSF and enters perineum through LSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does the pudendal nerve travel

A

in pudendal canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the branches of the pudendal nerve in males

A

Perineal
dorsal nerve of penis
inferior rectal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the branches of the pudendal nerve in females

A

perineal
dorsal nerve of clitoris
inferior rectal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the branches of the perineal nerve

A

superficial and deep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where does the perineal nerve divide

A

UGD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does the deep perineal nerve innervate

A

mainly muscles: transverse perinei, bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the superficial perineal nerve supply

A

scrotal skin and labia majora

posterior scrotal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the course of the dorsal nerve of the penis

A

runs a long ischial and pubic rami within deep perineal space

branch to corpus cavernosum, pierces perineal membrane

runs between corpus cavernosa and pubic symphysis onto dorsum of penis (clitoris)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What skeletal muscle is supplied by the dorsal nerve of the penis (clitoris)

A

none

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What anatomical landmarks can be used for a pudendal nerve block

A

ischial spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Why is the ischial spine used as a landmark for pudendal nerve block

A

pudendal nerve runs over ischial spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Where will parasympathetics and sympathetics distribute

A

sympathetics: superficial and deep
parasympathethetics: only deep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the ganglion impar

A

swelling over the coccyx where the two sympathetic trunks unite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Where is the superior hypogastric plexus found

A

around the branch of the aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is contained within white and gray rami and what levels will they be seen at

A

white rami: preganglionic
gray rami: pre/post ganglionic

white: T12-L2
Gray: all levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Where will lumbar and sacral splanchinc nerve cell bodies be found

A

IML L1-L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Where will the postganglionic cell bodies of lumbar and sacral splanchnic nerves be found

A

hypogastric plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Where do lumbar splanchnic nerves originate from

A

from chain at lumbar levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Where do sacral splanchnic enrves originate from

A

chain at sacral levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Where are preganglionic cell bodies of pelvic splanchnic nerves found

A

IML-like area of S2-S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What are the two places in which sacral splanchnics may travel after leaving the sympathetic chain

A

hypogastric nerve

hypogastric plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is stimulated by sympathetics from the hypogastric plexus

A

contraction of smooth muscle to move fluid and blood through structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is stimulated by parasympathetics from the hypogastric plexus

A

vasodilation
bladder contraction
erection
digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

How is the inferior hypogastric plexus named

A

the viscera it is surrounding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What are the names of the inferior hypogastric plexus

A

middle rectal
vesical
prostatic
uterovaginal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the upper ureter

A

T10-L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the lower ureter

A

L1-L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the gonad

A

T10-T11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the bladder

A

L1-L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the prostate

45
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the uterus

46
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the uterine tube

47
Q

What are cavernous nerves

A

nerves that are extensions from prostatic plexus

48
Q

Where do cavernous nerves pass

A

between arcuate ligament and perineal membrane to innervate erectile tissue

49
Q

What stimulates stretch receptors involved in defecation

A

increased pressure in rectal ampulla

50
Q

What aspects of defecation are under parasympathetic control

A

internal anal sphincter relaxation

contraction of circular muscle fibers

51
Q

What aspects of defecation are under voluntary control

A

relaxation of puborectal sling
increase in intra-abdominal pressure
relaxation of external anal sphinctor
contraction of levator ani

52
Q

What affect do parasympathetics have on micturition

A

excite detrusor muscle

inhibit internal sphincter

53
Q

What affect do sympathetics have on micturition

A

inhibit detrusor muscle

excite internal sphincter

54
Q

What control is the external urethral sphincter under

55
Q

Where will pain fibers associated with micturition run

A

sympathetics and parasympathetics

56
Q

How will bladder control be altered if there is damage to peripheral ANS routes

A

inability to void

cannot sense fullness

57
Q

How will bladder control be altered if there is destruction of the sacral spinal cord

A

autonomous bladder: continuous dribbling

-all parts are paralyzed

58
Q

How is an erection obtained

A

Parasympathetic muscles stimulate the coiled arteries to relax and fill with blood. Cavernous spaces inside erectile tissue fill with blood

59
Q

What muscles aid in getting an erection and how

A

bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus compress the venous plexus

60
Q

What is the mechanism of emission

A

peristaltic movement of semen through ejaculatory ducts

61
Q

What nerves aid in emission

A

sacral splanchnic nerves (L1-L2)

62
Q

What is the mechanism of ejaculation

A

closure of internal urethral sphincter
contraction of urethral muscles
contraction of bulbospongiosus

63
Q

What nerves aid in closure of the internal urethral sphincter

A

sympathetic

64
Q

What nerves aid in contraction of urethral muscles

A

parasympathetic

65
Q

What nerve aids in contractio of bulbospongiosus

66
Q

What are the branches of the anterior division of teh internal iliac artery

A 
obturator
internal pudendal
inferior gluteal
umbilical
middle rectal
inferior vesical
uterine
67
Q

What are the branches of the psoterior division of the internal iliac

A

lateral sacral
superior gluteal
iliolumbar

68
Q

What does Iliolumbar artery supply

A

ascends out of pelvis and divides into iliac and lumbar branches

69
Q

What does lateral sacral artery supply

A

courses along posterior pelvic wall

70
Q

What does superior gluteal artery supply

A

passes between lumbosacral trunk and S1 through GSF

71
Q

What is the first branch off of internal iliac anterior

A

umbilical artery

72
Q

What does the inferior vesical artery supply

A

fundus of bladder, prostate, seminal vesical

73
Q

What is the inferior vesical artery related to in female

A

vaginal artery

74
Q

What does the middle rectal artery supply

A

seminal vesicals, rectum, and prostate

75
Q

What are the pelvis arterial anastomoses

A

deep circumflex to iliolumbar
median sacral to lateral sacral
superior rectal to middle rectal
profundis femoris to inferior gluteal

76
Q

Where will an aberrant obturator artery be seen

A

when obturator artery goes over pubic bone rather than through obturator canal

77
Q

What are the main sources of blood supply to the female internal genitalia

A

uterine and vaginal arteries

78
Q

Where does the uterine artery arise from

A

anterior trunk

79
Q

Where does the vaginal artery arise from

A

internal iliac or branch off of uterine artery

80
Q

How is the penis venously drained

A

superficial dorsal veins

deep dorsal veins

81
Q

What do the superficial dorsal veins drain on the penis

A

skin and prepuce

82
Q

Where do the superficial dorsal veins of the penis dump

A

into superficial external pudendal

83
Q

What do the deep dorsal veins on the penis drain

A

glans and corpora cavernosa

84
Q

Where do teh deep dorsal veins on the penis empty into

A

prostatic plexus

85
Q

What is the venous drainage of the rectum

A

internal and external venous plexus

86
Q

What are possible causes of internal hemorrhoids

A

portal hypertension

hepatic cirrhosis

87
Q

What type of pain do internal hemorrhoids have

88
Q

What are internal hemorrhoids

A

prolapsed anal mucosa which contain dilated veins from internal rectal venous plexus

89
Q

What are possible causes of external hemorrhoids

A

pregnancy

constipation

90
Q

What are external hemorrhoids

A

blood clots in the external rectal venous plexus covered by skin

91
Q

What type of pain do external hemorrhoids have

92
Q

What is the pain of external hemorrhoids carried by

A

inferior rectal nerve

93
Q

What are the general rules of lymphatics of the pelvis

A

follows blood supply in retrograde

connections made in development so if organ migrates it takes its lymphatics along

94
Q

Where will all lymph from the pelvis end up

A

lumbar nodes that form lumbar trunks and lead to cisterna chyli

95
Q

How are pelvic lymph nodes named

96
Q

What are the pelvic lymph nodes

A 
pre-aortic: inferior mesenteric
lumbar
common iliac
internal iliac
external iliac
sacral
97
Q

What will drain to superficial inguinal lymph nodes

A 
body wall below umbilicus
scrotum
labia majora
bottom of vagina
anus below pectinate line
98
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the anal canal

A

above pectinate: internal iliac

below pectinate: superficial inguinal

99
Q

What is the lymph drainage of the ductus deferens and seminal vesicals

A

iliac nodes

100
Q

WHat is lymphatic drainage of the penis

A

internal iliac

distal glans: deep inguinal

101
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the prostate

A

internal iliac and sacral nodes

102
Q

What is teh lymph drainage of the testes

103
Q

What is the lymph drainage of the scrotum and the skin over the penis/perineum

A

superficial inguinal nodes

104
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the uterine tubes and ovaries

105
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the fundus and body of uterus

A

lumbar and external iliac

106
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the cervix

A

external and internal iliac, sacral

107
Q

What is lymphatic drainage of the vagina

A

upper 2/3 internal and external iliac

lower 1/3 superficial inguinal

108
Q

What is the lymph drainage of the clitoris and labia minora

A

deep inguinal and external iliac

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy Exam 2 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions