Pelvic Viscera 1 Flashcards
What pelvic viscera is seen in both males and females
ureters
urethra
bladder
rectum
What pelvic viscera is seen only in males
prostate ductus deferens seminal vesicle bulbourethral glands ejaculatory ducts
What pelvic viscera is seen only in females
uterus
ovaries
uterine tubes
vagina
What structure will be draped over the pelvic viscera
peritoneum
What are the 3 types of pelvic fascia
parietal pelvic
viscera pelvic
endopelvic
What is pelvic fascia a continuation of
extraperitoneal connective tissue in the abdomen
What are the pelvic cavities in males
retropubic
rectovesical
Where may fluid collect in the pelvis of males
rectovesical
What are the pelvic cavities in females
retropubic
vesicouterine
rectouterine
Where does fluid most commonly collect in females
rectouterine pouch (of douglas)
Where is endopelvic fascia found
between visceral and parietal fascia
What are the thickenings of pelvic fascia that will support viscera
pubovesical ligament
transverse cervical
uterosacral ligament
What does the pubovesical ligament connect
bladder to pubic bone
What does the transverse cervical ligament connect
uterus to body wall
What does the uterosacral ligament enclose
rectum
In males, what is the pubovesicle ligament attached to
the prostate
What does the uterosacral ligament do
bind uterus to sacrum
What is the broad ligament
peritoneal fold that attaches the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries to the pelvis
What are the different parts of the broad ligament
mesovarium
mesometrium
mesosalpinx
What is mesoovarium
peritoneum over ovaries
What is mesometrium
peritoneum closest to the body
What is mesosalpinx
peritoneum over uterine tube
Is the abdominal ureter intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal
retroperitoneal
What structures are associated with the ureters in males
crossed by ductus deferens
What structures are associated with the ureters in femals
crossed by uterine artery
Where do ureters enter the bladder
posterolateral edge
What is the blood supply to the ureters
variable; renal, gonadal, common and internal iliacs, uterine vessels
What is the inenrvation to the ureters
T10-L2
renal, aortic, hypogastric plexuses
What is the lymphatic drainage of the ureters
superior: lumbar
inferior: external internal iliac
What are the surfaces of the bladder
apex trigone base inferolateral neck
What is the relationship between the bladder and pubic symphysis
bladder can be approached over the pubic symphysis (suprapubic lithotomy)
What is cystitis
bladder infection
Why are females more likely to experience cystitis
short urethra
Where is the retropubic space found
anterior to bladder
behind pubic bone
What are the structures that work to stabilize the bladder neck
thickening of endopelvic fascia
What is the thickenign of endopelvic fascia in women called
pubovesical
What is the thickening of endopelvic fascia in men called
puboprostatic
What is the structure that works to stabilize the posterior bladder
rectovesical ligaments
What is the structure to stabilize the anterior bladder
median umbilical ligament
What does the median umbilical ligament attach the bladder to
umbilicus
What is the trigone
smooth part of bladder
What is the trigone formed from
incorporation of mesonephric ducts
What is the internal surface of the bladder
trigone: mucosa
detrusor muscle
What is the main muscle of the bladder and what is its function
detrusor muscle
expands as bladder fills and contracts by parasympathetic stimulation
What is the blood supply to the bladder
superior vesicle
inferior vesicle (males)
vaginal (female)
What is the venous drainage of the bladder
vesical venous plexus
prostatic venous plexus
What is the innervation of the bladder
L1+L2 sympathetic
pelvic splanchnic
motor to detrusor
What is the lymphatic drainage of the bladder
external and internal iliac nodes
What are the 4 different parts of the male urethra
preprostatic
prostatic
membraneous
spongy
Where is preprostatic found
trigone to start of prostate
surrounded by internal sphincter
Where is the prostatic urethra found
inside the prostate
Where is the membranous urethra found
surround by external urethral sphincter
urogenital diaphragm
Where is the spongy urethra found
in corpus spongiosum
What openings are seen in the spongy urethra
bulbourethral glands numerous pit-like recesses
What does the spongy urethra widen to form
navicular fossa
What is the blood supply to the male urethra
internal pudendal
inferior vesicle
middle rectal
Where will the female urethra run
bladder through deep pouch, perineal membrane, and opens into vestibule anterior to vaginal opening
What openings will be found in the female urethra
urethral glands
paraurethral ducts
What viscera composes the male reproductive tract
ductus deferens
epididymis
testes
seminal vesicle
Where does lymph from the testes drain to
lumbar
What nerves innervate the scrotum
genital branch of genital femoral and ilioingual
pudendal nerve in posterior
When will the ductus deferns enter the true pelvis
after it traverses the inguinal canal and leaves the deep ring
What is the ductus deferens directly continuous with
epididymis
What is the function of the seminal vesicle
provides bulk of volume to semen
What does the seminal vesicle and ductus deferens make
ejaculatory ducts
Where is the terminal opening of the ejaculatory ducts
seminal colliculus
Where are the bulbourethral glands found
deep perineal pouch
What lobe of the prostate is most susceptible to cancer
posterior lobe
What structure is at risk of constriction in BPH
prostatic urethra
What is the urethral crest
extension of the trigone down into the prostatic urethra
What is the seminal colliculus
large bump in the middle of the prostatic urethra
What structures are seen on the seminal colliculus
prostatic utricle
openings of ejaculatory ducts
What is the prostatic utricle
embryologic remnant of the vagina
Where is the prostatic sinus found
either side of the colliculus
What is the prostatic sinus
openings of prostatic ducts
What is the blood supply of the prostate
inferior vesicle, internal pudendal, middle rectal
What is the venous drainage of the prostate
prostatic venous plexus
vesicular plexus
internal vertebral plexus
What is the innervation of the prostate
inferior hypogastric plexus
pelvic splanchnic
What is the lymphatic drainage of the prostate
internal iliac nodes
sacral nodes
