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LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy Exam 2 > ANS > Flashcards

ANS Flashcards

1
Q

What structures are considered viscera

A

smooth muscle
cardiac muscle
glands

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2
Q

What is the role of GVE

A

control of the viscera

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3
Q

What is the role of GVA

A

sensory return from the viscera

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4
Q

What cell bodies are included in the ANS

A

cell bodies and axons of both GVE and GVA

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5
Q

How many neurons are used in GVEs

A

two

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6
Q

Where are the two neurons of GVE

A

Preganglionic is in CNS

postganglionic is in motor ganglion

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7
Q

What is a ganglion

A

collection of cell bodies outside the CNS

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8
Q

What is the embryological origin of ganglia

A

NCC

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9
Q

How do GVA axons travel throughout the body

A

course with GVE axons

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10
Q

How do autonomic axons travel

A

pre-existing pathways

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11
Q

What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system

A

parasympathetic

sympathetic

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12
Q

Where are sympathetics found

A

they go everywhere superficial and deep

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13
Q

What is sympathetic nervous system responsible for

A

fight or flight

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14
Q

Where is the sympathetic chain found

A

base of skull to the tip of the coccyx

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15
Q

What type of axons are found in white rami and what levels are they seen

A

preganglionic neurons

T1-L2

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16
Q

What type of axons are found in gray rami and what levels are they seen

A 
postganglionic neurons
every level (all 31 spinal cord levels)
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17
Q

Where are preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies found

A

IML of T1-L2

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18
Q

What are the 3 patterns of distribution of sympathetic axons

A

Ascending
Descending
To the body wall

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19
Q

What anterior roots contain sympathetic GVE axons

A

T1-L2

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20
Q

Where are the cell bodies of sympathetic GVE in ascending neurons

A

T1-T7

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21
Q

Where will organs of the head, neck, and thoracic cavity receive sympathetic innervation from

A

directly from the sympathetic chain via visceral nerves

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22
Q

Where are the cell bodies of sympathetic GVE in descending neurons

A

T5-L2

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23
Q

How will descending postganglionic sympathetic neurons distribute to the gut

A

on blood vessels

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24
Q

How will organs of the abdominal-pelvic cavity receive postganglionic sympathetic axons

A

pre-aortic ganglia

25
Q

How do viscero-somatic reflexes occur

A

GVA returns the pain information from the organ back to the spinal cord, can cause somatic changes leading to reflex and somatic dysfunction at the same level

26
Q

Where are the cell bodies of GVA axons

A

posterior ganglion (DRG)

27
Q

What types of nerve fibers do main nerve trunks contain

A

GSE, GSA

GVE, GVA

28
Q

What type of nerve fibers do motor branches contain

A

GSE
GSA
GVE
GVA

29
Q

What is the function of GSE

A

innervate skeletal muscle

30
Q

What is the function of GSA

A

innervate sensory receptors in muscle

31
Q

What are types of sensory receptors

A

msucle spindles

golgi tendon organs

32
Q

What is function of GVE and GVA

A

sympathetic axons innervate smooth muscle in blood vessels

33
Q

What types of nerve fibers do cutaneous branches contain

A

GSA

GVE/GVA

34
Q

What is the function of GSA in cutaneous nerves

A

give rise to sensory receptors in the skin

35
Q

What is the function of GVE and GVA in cutaneous nerves

A

innervate smooth muscle in blood vessels, glands, and arrector pili muscles

36
Q

What is parasympathetic function

A

rest and digest

37
Q

Where do parasympathetics distribute

A

only to deep structures

38
Q

Where do parasympathetics not go to

A

Skin

39
Q

Where do parasympathetics originate from

A

Cranial sacral regions of CNS

40
Q

What are the Cranial nerves

A

CN3, CN7, CN9, CN10

41
Q

Where are parasympathetic ganglia found

A

wall of the organ

42
Q

Where are preganglionic cell bodies of parasympathetics found

A

IML-like area in sacral regions of the spinal cord

43
Q

Where will GVAs be found in parasympathetic nervous system

A

same level as GVE

44
Q

What is a viscerotome

A

segmental innervation of the viscera

45
Q

What is the viscerotome for head and thoracic organs

A

T1-T2

46
Q

What is the viscerotome for intestines, stomach

A

T5-9

47
Q

What is the viscerotome for pelvic organs

A

L1-L2

48
Q

What leads to referred pain

A

somatic: sharp and localized

Visceral dull and poorly localized

49
Q

Where does referred pain for the heart appear

A

left chest and UE

50
Q

Where does referred pain for esophagus appear

A

sternum

51
Q

Where does referred pain for liver and gallbladder appear

A

right neck and shoulder

52
Q

Where does referred pain for stomach appear

A

overlying stomach and posteriorly on mid thoracic

53
Q

Where does referred pain for pancreas appear

A

epigastric region and posteriorly on left flank

54
Q

Where does referred pain for gallbladder alone show

A

Right hypochondriac region wrapping around posteriorly

55
Q

Where does referred pain for spleen appear

A

Left hypochondriac region wrapping around posteriorly

56
Q

Where does referred pain for liver appear

A

right hypochondriac region and wrapping around

57
Q

Where does referred pain for jujunum, ileum, and appendix appear

A

umbilicus

58
Q

Where does the bladder referred pain show

A

suprapubic region

59
Q

Where does referred pain for large intestine show

A

suprapubic region

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy Exam 2 (22 decks)

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