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LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy Exam 2 > Pelvic Structure > Flashcards

Pelvic Structure Flashcards

1
Q

What is the false pelvis

A

Upper portion above the pelvic brim or inlet

extends from iliac crest to pelvic brim

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2
Q

What is the false pelvis

A

Upper portion above the pelvic brim or inlet

extends from iliac crest to pelvic brim

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3
Q

What are the 3 main structures within the true pelvis

A

bladder rectum and uterus (or prostate)

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4
Q

What anchors the external genitalia

A

pelvic bone

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5
Q

List examples of structures that will use the pelvis as a means of passage

A

sciatic nerve
obturator nerve
pudendal nerve

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6
Q

Where is the L1 dermatome

A

suprpubic

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7
Q

Where is the L2 dermatome

A

lateral thigh

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8
Q

Where is the L3 dermatome

A

medial thigh

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9
Q

Where is S2 dermatome

A

posterior thigh

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10
Q

Where is S3 dermatome

A

perineum

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11
Q

Where is S4-S5 dermatome

A

external genitalia

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12
Q

What are the 4 parts of the pelvis

A

2 os coxae bones
sacrum
coccyx

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13
Q

What are the 3 parts of the os coxae bones

A

ischium
ilium
pubic bone

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14
Q

What are the two divisions of the pelvis

A

false pelvis

true pelvis

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15
Q

What is another name for false pelvis

A

greater pelvis

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16
Q

What is another name for true pelvis

A

lesser pelvis

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17
Q

Where is the true pelvis located

A

between pelvic brim and pelvic diaphragm

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18
Q

What structures are found within the false pelvis

A

sigmoid colon and small intestine

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19
Q

What is the superior boundary of the true pelvis and what is it composed of

A

pubic symphysis
sacral promontory
linea terminalis
margin of Ala

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20
Q

What are the boundaries of the pelvic outlet

A

pubic symphysis
coccyx
pubic arch
sacrotuberous ligament

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21
Q

What are the 3 elements of the pelvic bone

A

ilium
ischium
pubis bones

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22
Q

How is the femoral artery

A

can use pubic tubercle or ASIS

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23
Q

What type of joint is the lumbosacral joint

A

2 plane synovial zygopophyseal

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24
Q

What are associated structures of the lumbosacral joint

A

symphysis
IV disc
iliolumbar ligament

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25
Q

Why type of joint is the sacroiliac joint

A

synovial plane

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26
Q

What ligaments are associated with the sacroiliac joint

A

sacrospinous
sacrotuberous
anterior and posterior sacroiliac

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27
Q

What type of joint is the pubic symphysis

A

secondary cartilaginous

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28
Q

What ligaments are associated with the pubic symphysis

A

superior and inferior pubic ligament

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29
Q

What type of cartilage is found at the pubic symphysis

A

fibrocartilage and hyaline

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30
Q

How is the pelvis oriented in anatomic position

A

ASIS and pubic tubercle in line; anteriorly tilted

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31
Q

What is the function of the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments

A

to stabilize the sacrum and prevent upward tilting of the inferior sacrum

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32
Q

What prevents forward sliding of lumbar vertebrae on the sacrum

A

ileolumbar ligaments

articular processes

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33
Q

What is the most common site of spondylolisthesis

A

L5-S1

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34
Q

What are the characteristics of male pelvis

A

heart shaped foramen
narrow angle
more prominent ischial spines

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35
Q

What are the characteristics of a female pelvis

A

oval shaped foramen
wider angle
not prominent ischial spines

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36
Q

What is the obstetric pelvic diameter

A

middle of pubic symphysis to sacral promontory

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37
Q

What is the diagonal conjugate pelvic diameter

A

base of pubic symphysis to sacral promontory

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38
Q

What is the anterior conjugate pelvic diameter

A

posterior aspect of pubic symphysis to sacral promontory

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39
Q

When will pubic symphysis have increased mobility

A

during pregnancy due to hormones

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40
Q

What is the interspinous diameter

A

distance between 2 ischial spines

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41
Q

Which diameter is the only diameter able to be measured during a pelvic exam

A

diagonal conjugate

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42
Q

What is an open book fracture

A

pubic symphysis is fractured on both sides resulting in opening of pelvis

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43
Q

How will the pelvis fracture usually

A

more than one area will fracture at once do to pretzel like structure

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44
Q

What composes the lateral wall of the pelvic cavity

A

piriformis

obturator internus

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45
Q

What suspends the pelvic viscera

A

pelvic diaphragm

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46
Q

What composes the pelvic diaphragm

A

levator ani and coccygeus

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47
Q

What strengthens the pelvic diaphragm

A

kegel exercises

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48
Q

What is the anococcygeal raphe

A

longer section of the midline raphe behind the rectum

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49
Q

What muscles compose levator ani

A

puborectalis
pubococcygeus
ilealcoccygeus

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50
Q

What muscle attaches to tendinous arc of the obturator internus

A

iliococcygeus

51
Q

What muscles will attach to the anococcygeal raphe

A

puborectalis
pubococcygeus
coccygeus

52
Q

What is levator ani innervated by

A

S4 anterior rami and inferior rectal nerve

53
Q

What is the tendinous arc

A

thickening of obturator internus that serves as an attachment for iliococcygeus

54
Q

What is coccygeus innervated by

A

Anterior rami S3-S4

55
Q

What is the function of the puborectalis muscle

A

sling around the gut at the junction of the rectum and anal canal

maintains perineal flexure, relaxation leads to defecation

56
Q

What structures compose the anterior wall of the pelvis

A

pubic bone
pubococcygeus
puborectalis

57
Q

What structures compose the lateral wall

A

obturator internus and iliococcygeus

58
Q

What structures compose the psoterior wall of the pelvis

A

coccygeus and piriformis

59
Q

What structures form the floor of the pelvis

A

levator ani

60
Q

Where is the urogenital diaphragm located

A

inferior to the pelvic diaphragm

61
Q

What is the perineal membrane

A

inferior boundary of deep perineal pouch (UGD)

62
Q

Where do muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum attach

A

perineal body

63
Q

What is the perineal body a remnant of

A

urorectal septum

64
Q

What are the 3 main structures within the true pelvis

A

bladder rectum and uterus (or prostate)

65
Q

What anchors the external genitalia

A

pelvic bone

66
Q

List examples of structures that will use the pelvis as a means of passage

A

sciatic nerve
obturator nerve
pudendal nerve

67
Q

Where is the L1 dermatome

A

suprpubic

68
Q

Where is the L2 dermatome

A

lateral thigh

69
Q

Where is the L3 dermatome

A

medial thigh

70
Q

Where is S2 dermatome

A

posterior thigh

71
Q

Where is S3 dermatome

A

perineum

72
Q

Where is S4-S5 dermatome

A

external genitalia

73
Q

What are the 4 parts of the pelvis

A

2 os coxae bones
sacrum
coccyx

74
Q

What are the 3 parts of the os coxae bones

A

ischium
ilium
pubic bone

75
Q

What are the two divisions of the pelvis

A

false pelvis

true pelvis

76
Q

What is another name for false pelvis

A

greater pelvis

77
Q

What is another name for true pelvis

A

lesser pelvis

78
Q

Where is the true pelvis located

A

between pelvic brim and pelvic diaphragm

79
Q

What structures are found within the false pelvis

A

sigmoid colon and small intestine

80
Q

What is the superior boundary of the true pelvis and what is it composed of

A

pubic symphysis
sacral promontory
linea terminalis
margin of Ala

81
Q

What are the boundaries of the pelvic outlet

A

pubic symphysis
coccyx
pubic arch
sacrotuberous ligament

82
Q

What are the 3 elements of the pelvic bone

A

ilium
ischium
pubis bones

83
Q

How is the femoral artery

A

can use pubic tubercle or ASIS

84
Q

What type of joint is the lumbosacral joint

A

2 plane synovial zygopophyseal

85
Q

What are associated structures of the lumbosacral joint

A

symphysis
IV disc
iliolumbar ligament

86
Q

Why type of joint is the sacroiliac joint

A

synovial plane

87
Q

What ligaments are associated with the sacroiliac joint

A

sacrospinous
sacrotuberous
anterior and posterior sacroiliac

88
Q

What type of joint is the pubic symphysis

A

secondary cartilaginous

89
Q

What ligaments are associated with the pubic symphysis

A

superior and inferior pubic ligament

90
Q

What type of cartilage is found at the pubic symphysis

A

fibrocartilage and hyaline

91
Q

How is the pelvis oriented in anatomic position

A

ASIS and pubic tubercle in line; anteriorly tilted

92
Q

What is the function of the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments

A

to stabilize the sacrum and prevent upward tilting of the inferior sacrum

93
Q

What prevents forward sliding of lumbar vertebrae on the sacrum

A

ileolumbar ligaments

articular processes

94
Q

What is the most common site of spondylolisthesis

A

L5-S1

95
Q

What are the characteristics of male pelvis

A

heart shaped foramen
narrow angle
more prominent ischial spines

96
Q

What are the characteristics of a female pelvis

A

oval shaped foramen
wider angle
not prominent ischial spines

97
Q

What is the obstetric pelvic diameter

A

middle of pubic symphysis to sacral promontory

98
Q

What is the diagonal conjugate pelvic diameter

A

base of pubic symphysis to sacral promontory

99
Q

What is the anterior conjugate pelvic diameter

A

posterior aspect of pubic symphysis to sacral promontory

100
Q

When will pubic symphysis have increased mobility

A

during pregnancy due to hormones

101
Q

What is the interspinous diameter

A

distance between 2 ischial spines

102
Q

Which diameter is the only diameter able to be measured during a pelvic exam

A

diagonal conjugate

103
Q

What is an open book fracture

A

pubic symphysis is fractured on both sides resulting in opening of pelvis

104
Q

How will the pelvis fracture usually

A

more than one area will fracture at once do to pretzel like structure

105
Q

What composes the lateral wall of the pelvic cavity

A

piriformis

obturator internus

106
Q

What suspends the pelvic viscera

A

pelvic diaphragm

107
Q

What composes the pelvic diaphragm

A

levator ani and coccygeus

108
Q

What strengthens the pelvic diaphragm

A

kegel exercises

109
Q

What is the anococcygeal raphe

A

longer section of the midline raphe behind the rectum

110
Q

What muscles compose levator ani

A

puborectalis
pubococcygeus
ilealcoccygeus

111
Q

What muscle attaches to tendinous arc of the obturator internus

A

iliococcygeus

112
Q

What muscles will attach to the anococcygeal raphe

A

puborectalis
pubococcygeus
coccygeus

113
Q

What is levator ani innervated by

A

S4 anterior rami and inferior rectal nerve

114
Q

What is the tendinous arc

A

thickening of obturator internus that serves as an attachment for iliococcygeus

115
Q

What is coccygeus innervated by

A

Anterior rami S3-S4

116
Q

What is the function of the puborectalis muscle

A

sling around the gut at the junction of the rectum and anal canal

maintains perineal flexure, relaxation leads to defecation

117
Q

What structures compose the anterior wall of the pelvis

A

pubic bone
pubococcygeus
puborectalis

118
Q

What structures compose the lateral wall

A

obturator internus and iliococcygeus

119
Q

What structures compose the psoterior wall of the pelvis

A

coccygeus and piriformis

120
Q

What structures form the floor of the pelvis

A

levator ani

121
Q

Where is the urogenital diaphragm located

A

inferior to the pelvic diaphragm

122
Q

What is the perineal membrane

A

inferior boundary of deep perineal pouch (UGD)

123
Q

Where do muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum attach

A

perineal body

124
Q

What is the perineal body a remnant of

A

urorectal septum

LECOM MS1 Gross Anatomy Exam 2 (22 decks)

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