PEM

Question 1

when was PEM introduced

Answer 1

1972

Question 2

decribe PEM

Answer 2

systems tend to experience long periods of stability interupted by short bursts of significant change

Question 3

what does PEM typically suggest

Answer 3

that organisations operate under a state of equilibrium for extended periods

Question 4

how should change happen

Answer 4

change should not happen gradually but instead episodic in response to crisis

Question 5

what happens once change occurs

Answer 5

a new equilibrium is est and agreed on until new event triggered

Question 6

7 key headings when motivating for change

Answer 6

education
persuasion
participation and involvement
supporting
negotiation
manipulation
explicit and implicit coercion

Question 7

management compared to leadership

Answer 7

planning and budgeting
organising and staffing
controlling and problem solving

Question 8

leadership compared to planning

Answer 8

creating a vision
communicating the next direction
motivating and inspiring