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DPT 701: Clincal Anatomy > Pelvis > Flashcards

Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

What bones make up the os coxae

A

Pubis, ilium, ishcium

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2
Q

What is the perineum

A

Inferior floor of pelvic cavity contains external genitalia and openings

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3
Q

What is the false pelvis

A

Ilium and lower lumbar
Part of abdomen
Sigmoid colon

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4
Q

What is the true pelvis

A

Pubis, ischium, sacrum
Bounded by inlet and outlet
Contains urine and reproductive organs

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5
Q

What are the differences between male and female pelvis

A

Women- circular, 80-85 degree pubis angle

Men- heart shaped, 50-60 degree pubis angle

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6
Q

The sacrospinous ligament attaches to what

A

Sacrum and ischial spine

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7
Q

What exits greater sciatic foramen

A 
Piriformis
Superior gluteal n
Sciatic n 
Inferior gluteal n
Pudendal n
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8
Q

What exits lesser sciatic foramen

A

Obturator internus

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9
Q

What enters the lesser sciatic foramen

A

Pudendal n

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10
Q

Describe the arrangement of the pudendal n in relation to ligaments and sciatic foramen

A

Exits greater
Under sacrospinous ligament
Enters lesser
Over sacrotuberous

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11
Q

What muscles for the lateral wall of pelvis

A

Piriformis and obturator internus

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12
Q

What muscles line the internal surface of sacrotuberous ligament

A

Coccygeus muscle

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13
Q

Function of coccygeus muscle

A

Form pelvic floor
Support pelvic viscera
Pull coccyx forward after defecation

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14
Q

Function of obturator internus

A

ER of hip

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15
Q

Function of Piriformis

A

ER of hip

ABD hip

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16
Q

What makes up Levator ani

A

Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus

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17
Q

What makes up the pelvic diaphragm

A

Levator ani and coccygeus

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18
Q

What is the innervation of pelvic diaphragm

A

Pudendal n S2-4

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19
Q

Injury to pelvic floor and diaphragm can lead to what

A

Weakness of floor which decreases support

Urinary incontinence

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20
Q

What does the perineum divide

A

Urogenital triangle and anal triangle

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21
Q

What is the perineal body

A

Between UG and anal triangle

Center point of perineum

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22
Q

What muscles are in the superficial space of UG triangle

A

Ischiocavernous
Bulbospongiosus
Superficial transverse peritoneal

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23
Q

What erector tissues are in the superficial UG triangle

A

Crus of clit or penis
Bulb of clit or penis
Vestibular glands- females

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24
Q

What is in the deep space of the UG triangle

A

External urethra sphincter muscle
Deep transverse peritoneal

Bulbourethral glands- males

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25
Q

What does the anal triangle contain

A

Anal aperture
External anal sphincter
Ischio-anal fossae

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26
Q

What divides the superficial and deep UG triangle

A

Peritoneal membrane

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27
Q

Weakness of what muscle might lead to urinary incontinence

A

External urethra sphincter muscle

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28
Q

The pudendal n provides motor innervation to what

A

External urethra sphincter

External anal sphincter and perineal muscle

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29
Q

The pudendal n provides cutaneous innervation to what

A

Perineum and clitoris/penis

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30
Q

Where is the pudendal canal and what is the contents

A

Located between the fascia and obturator internus muscle

Contains pudendal n/a/v

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31
Q

What are the 4 branches of the pudendal n

A

Inferior rectal m/s
Perineal m/s
Dorsal n of penis or clitoris s
Posterior scrotal or labial s

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32
Q

What does the inferior rectal n innervate

A

External anal sphincter

Skin of anus

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33
Q

What does the perineal n innervate

A

All superficial/deep muscles

Perineum

34
Q

What is the bulbocavernous reflex

A

Contraction of rectal sphincter (anal wink) response to pressure on bulbocavernous

Method of evaluating pudendal n

35
Q

What are the sympathetic n of pelvis and their functions

A

Sacral splanchnic n and hypogastric n

Vasoconstriction, contract internal urethra/anal sphincters, and ejaculation

36
Q

What is the parasympathetic n of the pelvis and their functions

A

Pelvic splanchnic S2-4

Vasodilation stimulate bladder contraction for urination, defecation, and erection

37
Q

What are the branches of anterior trunk of internal iliac artery

A

Umbilical, superior vessical branches, obturator, middle rectal, inferior rectal, internal pudendal

38
Q

What are the functions of anterior trunk of internal iliac artery

A

Supply pelvic viscera, perineum, gluteal region, and adductor region

39
Q

What are the branches of the posterior trunk of internal iliac artery

A

Iliolumbar, superior gluteal, lateral sacral

40
Q

What is the function of the posterior trunk of internal iliac artery

A

Supply posterior pelvic wall, lower posterior abdominal wall, gluteal region

41
Q

Inferior vessical artery is equivalent to what in females? It gives off what to males

A

Females- vaginal a

Males- ductus deferens

42
Q

What is the path of urine

A 
Renal tubules of nephron 
Collecting ducts 
Papillary ducts
Minor calyx
Major calyx 
Pelvis
Ureter
Bladder
Urethra
43
Q

Compare the male and female urethra

A

Males is longer

Females is shorter, the reason for more frequent UTI

44
Q

Rounded adipose tissue area overlying the pubic symphysis

A

Mons pubis

45
Q

Pulled ridges of skin inferior and posterior to moms pubis, outer surface covered with hair

A

Labia majora

46
Q

Paired hairless skin ridges flanking the midline space (vestibule)

A

Labia minor

47
Q

Space between labia major containing urethra, vagina, and greater vestibular glands

48
Q

Erectile tissue

49
Q

Erectile tissue on either side of vestibule

A

Bulb of vestibule

50
Q

Mucus secreting glands on either side of vestibule

A

Greater vestibular glands- Bartholin

51
Q

What is the difference between ovarian ligament and the suspensory ligament of ovary

A

The suspensory ligament contains ovarian a (from AA) and vein

52
Q

Connects uterus and ovaries

A

Ovarian ligament

53
Q

Connects uterus and labia majora

A

Round ligament

54
Q

Connects cervix to sacrum

A

Uterosacral ligament

55
Q

What are the 3 parts of the broad ligament

A

Mesosalpinx
Mesovarium
Mesometrium

56
Q

Suspends uterine tube

A

Mesosalpinx

57
Q

Attaches to ovary and covers ovarian ligament

A

Mesovarium

58
Q

Extends from lateral pelvic wall to body of uterus

A

Mesometrium

59
Q

What is the most common site of fertilization

60
Q

What is the normal position of uterus

A

Anterverted

61
Q

What is the erectile tissue in the penis

A 
Corpus cavernosum (2 eyes) 
Corpus spongiosum (mouth)
62
Q

What takes place in the testes

A

Development of spermatozoa and sex hormones

63
Q

What takes place in the epididymis

A

Site of maturation for sperm

64
Q

What is the ductus deferens

A

Tube in spermatic cord

Transports sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory ducts in prostate glands

65
Q

What is the function of seminal vesicles

A

Gland in superior base of bladder

Secretes fructose rich seminal fluid which is 60% of semen

66
Q

What are ejaculatory ducts

A

Union of ductus deferent and ducts of seminal vesicles

67
Q

What is the prostate gland

A

Located inferior to the bladder, secretes acidic components of semen

68
Q

What is the bulbourethra (Cowper) gland

A

Posterior to urethra

Secretes alkaline mucus that lubricates the urethra and increases velocity during ejaculation

69
Q

What is the innervation of the superficial space of UG in the penis

A

Pudendal n

70
Q

The roots of the external genitalia are anchored to what

A

Perineal membrane

71
Q

What is the path of the sperm

A

Testes, seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, nothing, urethra, penis

SEVEN UP

72
Q

Where does the ductus deferens run

A

Through inguinal canal

Over epigastric vessels

Over ureter

In prostate it joins with ejaculatory duct

73
Q

What is cut during a vasectomy

A

Vas deferens

74
Q

What is the homologous of clitoris in men

75
Q

What is the homologue of the glans clitoris in men

A

Glans penis

76
Q

What is the homologue of the corps cavernosa clitoris in men

A

Corpa cavernosa

77
Q

What is the homologue of the bulb of vestibule in men

A

Corpus spongiosum

78
Q

What is the homologue of labia majora in men

79
Q

What is the homologue of the ovarian and round ligaments in men

A

Gubernaculum testis

80
Q

The functional and structural unit of the kidney is

81
Q

Potent vasoconstrictor, triggers aldosterone, stimulates ADH, increase blood volume and pressure

A

Angiotensin II

DPT 701: Clincal Anatomy (12 decks)

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