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DPT 701: Clincal Anatomy > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What nerves do not originate from the brain stem

A

CN I olfactory
CN II optic
CN XI accessory

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2
Q

what is the nemonic for remembering the sensory or motor or both for the cranial n

A

some say marry money but my brother says big brains matter most

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3
Q

what is the nerve function for CN I olfactory

A

special sensory smell

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4
Q

Where do CN I olfactory nerve cell bodies arise from

A

olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity

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5
Q

what are the deficits for the olfactory nerve

A

anosmia- loss of smell

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6
Q

what is the olfactory nerve bony passage

A

cribriform plate in the ethmoid bone

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7
Q

what function does the optic n have

A

special sensory sight

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8
Q

what is the optic chiasm

A

sella turcica of sphenoid bone

nerves cross over

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9
Q

what is the optic tract

A

nerves stay on lateral side for the optic n

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10
Q

location of optic nerve cell bodies

A

retinal ganglia

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11
Q

what are the optic n deficits

A

visual defects

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12
Q

what bony passage does the optic n pass through

A

optic canal

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13
Q

what artery supplies the optic n

A

ophthalmic a

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14
Q

what muscles attach to the sclera

A

extraocular muscles- superior rectus, inferior oblique, middle rectus, lateral rectus, inferior rectus, superior oblique

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15
Q

LR6

A

lateral rectus

CN VI abducens- abducts eye

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16
Q

SO4

A

superior oblique

CN IV trochlear- down and out

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17
Q

AO3

A 
all other muscles
CN III oculomotor
superior rectus- up/in
inferior oblique- up/out
inferior rectus- down/in
medial rectus- adducts
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18
Q

what is the function of oculomotor n

A

M: SR, IR, IO, MR and levator palpebrae superioris
PS: pupil constriction (sphincter pupillae) and lens accommodation (ciliary- near vision)

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19
Q

where is the location for oculomotor nerve cell bodies

A

midbrain

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20
Q

what are the deficits of the oculomotor n

A

ptosis- superior eyelid drop caused by paralysis of levator palpebrae superioris
lateral strabismus- eye directed down and out
absent pupillary light reflex
dilated pupil
lack of lens accommodation

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21
Q

what bony passage does oculomotor pass through

A

superior orbital fissure

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22
Q

what is the function of the trochlear n

A

superior oblique- down and out

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23
Q

where is the location of trochlear nerve

A

posterior midbrain

** only CN to exit posterior surface of brainstem

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24
Q

what are the deficits of the trochlear n

A

superior oblique weakness

diplopia- double vision when looking down

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25
Q

what bony passage does trochlear n pass through

A

superior orbital fissure

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26
Q

what is the function of the trigeminal nerves

A

M: mastification
S: skin sensation of forehead, maxilla, mandible

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27
Q

what are the branches and functions of the trigeminal n

A

V1- ophthalmic- sensory
V2- maxillary- sensory
V3- mandibular- sensory and motor

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28
Q

what are the mastification muscles

A

temporalis
masseter
medial pterygoid
lateral pterygoid

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29
Q

what are some of the sensations for the trigeminal n

A 
face
eye
sinuses
nasopharynx
anterior 2/3 tongue
ear
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30
Q

what is the location of trigeminal nerve cell bodies

A

trigeminal ganglion- s

pons

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31
Q

what are the deficits for the trigeminal n

A

weakened mastication muscles
loss of facial sensation
loss of cornea reflex- sensation

32
Q

what are the bony passages for the trigeminal branches

A

V1- superior orbital fissure
V2- foramen rotundum
V3- foramen ovale

33
Q

what is the function for the abducens n

A

lateral rectus- abduct eye

34
Q

what is the location for the abducens nerve cell bodies

A

pons

35
Q

what are the deficits of the abducens n

A

loss of ability to move eye laterally

medial strabismus

36
Q

what is the bony passage the abducens n pass through

A

pierces dura covering the clivus then enters superior orbital fissure

37
Q

what is the function for the facial n

A

M: facial expression
S: taste sensation ant. 2/3 tongue
PS: salvia production of sublingual and submandibular glands, tear production from lacrimal gland, mucous glands of nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, palate

38
Q

what is the location of the facial nerves cell bodies

A

M: pons
S: geniculate ganglion

39
Q

what is the facial n deficits

A

loss of corneal reflex- motor
weakened facial expression
loss of taste ant. 2/3 tongue

40
Q

what bony passage does the facial n pass through

A

internal acoustic meatus

41
Q

what is the function of the vestibulocochlear n

A

hearing and balance

special sensory

42
Q

what is the location of the vestibulocochlear nerve cell bodies

A

vestibular ganglion

spiral ganglion

43
Q

what are the deficits of the vestibulocochlear n

A

tinnitus- ringing or buzzing in ear
vertigo- dizziness, loss of balance
loss of hearing

44
Q

what is the bony passage the vestibulocochlear n pass through

A

internal acoustic meatus

45
Q

what is the function of glossopharyngeal n

A

M: swallowing
S: taste sensation post. 1/3 tongue, palantine tonsil, oropharynx, middle ear, carotid body and sinus
PS: salvia production of parotid gland

46
Q

what is the location of the glossopharyngeal nerve cell bodies

A

M: medulla
S: sensory ganglion

47
Q

what are the deficits of the glossopharyngeal n

A

loss of taste on post. 1/3 tongue
changes in swallowing
absent gag reflex (ipsilateral)
palate deviation (contralateral)

48
Q

what is the bony passage the glossopharyngeal n pass through

A

jugular foramen

49
Q

what is the motor function for vagus n

A 
swallowing
speech
cardiac plexus
pulmonary plexus
esophageal plexus
foregut and midgut
larynx
pharynx
soft palate
50
Q

what is the shared function of the vagus n

A

sensory and motor to thoracic and abdomen

51
Q

what is the sensory function of the vagus n

A

larynx and laryngopharynx

taste from epiglottis and pharynx

52
Q

what cranial nerves have parasympathetic fibers

A

CN 3,7,9,10

53
Q

where is the location of the vagus nerve cell bodies

A

M: medulla
S: superior and inferior ganglion

54
Q

what the deficits of the vagus n

A 
dysphagia- difficulty swallowing
anesthesia of larynx
weak/hoarse voice
dysphonia- difficulty speaking
aphonia- no speaking
HR abnormalities
55
Q

what is the bony passage for the vagus n

A

jugular foramen

56
Q

what is the function of the accessory n

A

sternocleidomastiod- head RT and cervical flexion

trapezius- shoulder shrug

57
Q

where is the location of the accessory nerve cell bodies

A

rootlets from the upper 5-6 segments of cervical spinal cord, through foramen magnum and into jugular foramen

58
Q

what are the deficits to the accessory n

A

weakness of the muscles

59
Q

what is the function of the hypoglossal n

A

major tongue muscles

60
Q

where is the location of hypoglossal nerve cell bodies

A

rootlets of anterior medulla

61
Q

what are the deficits of the hypoglossal n

A

tongue deviates toward damaged nerve (ipsilateral)

62
Q

what bony passage the hypoglossal n pass through

A

hypoglossal canal

63
Q

name the cranial n

A 
CN I- olfactory
CN II- optic
CN III- oculomotor
CN IV- trochlear
CN V- trigeminal V1- ophthalmic, V2- maxillary, V3- mandibular
CN VI- abducens
CN VII- facial
CN VIII- Vestibulocochlear
CN IX- glossopharyngeal
CN X- Vagus
CN XI- acessory
CN XII- hypoglossal
64
Q

where do you find CN I on the brain

A

occipital lobe

65
Q

where do you find CN II on the brain

A

superior to the midbrain

66
Q

where do you find CN III on the brain

A

between midbrain and pons

67
Q

where do find CN IV on the brain

A

laterally between the cerebrum and pons

68
Q

where is CN V located on the brain

A

lateral part of pons

69
Q

where is CN VI on the brain

A

between the pons and medulla

70
Q

where is CN VII on the brain

A

lateral the CN VI between the pons and medulla

71
Q

where is CN VIII on the brain

A

lateral to CN VII at the junction of the pons and medulla

72
Q

where is CN IX on the brain

A

lateral to the medulla

73
Q

where is CN X on the brain

A

group of rootlets from lateral surface of the medulla

74
Q

where is CN XII on the brain

A

ascending through foramen magnum, lateral to the medulla

75
Q

where is CN XII on the brain

A

aterolateral medulla

DPT 701: Clincal Anatomy (12 decks)

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