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DPT 701: Clincal Anatomy > Facial Expression and Mastication > Flashcards

Facial Expression and Mastication Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the layers of the SCALP

A 
Skin
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis- Galea aponeurotica
Loose connective tissue
Pericranium
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2
Q

what is Galea Aponeurotica

A

links the frontalis and occipitalis muscles

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3
Q

what is in the loose connective tissue and what is the danger

A

emissary v drain to cranial sinus

spread infection

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4
Q

what makes up the temporomandibular joint

A

fibrocartilage disc and ligaments

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5
Q

what is in the superior compartment of the fibrocartilage disc and what movement does it do

A

mandibular fossa sup and disc inf

translational movement

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6
Q

what is in the inferior compartment of fibrocartilage disc and what does it do

A

disc sup and mandibular condyle inf

rotational movement

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7
Q

what are the TMJ motions

A

depression vs elevation
protrusion vs retraction
side to side extrusion

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8
Q

what muscles do protrusion of the jaw

A

lateral pterygoid assisted by medial pterygoid

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9
Q

what muscles do retraction of the jaw

A

post. fibrs temporalis, deep masseter, geniohyoid, digastric

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10
Q

what muscles elevate the jaw

A

temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid

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11
Q

what muscles depress the jaw

A

digastric, geniohyoid, mylohyoid

gravity

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12
Q

what causes TMJ popping or clicking

A

hypermobile joint capsule
tight lateral pterygoid muscle
damage to the disc ant against articular tubercle
mandibular condyle reduces to the disc

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13
Q

what is the boundary for the infratemporal fossa

A

deep to zygomatic arch and ramus of mandible

post. maxilla and bordered by lateral pterygoid plate

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14
Q

what are the contents of the infratemporal fossa

A 
lower temporalis
lat and med pterygoid
maxillary a
pterygoid venous plexus
otic ganglion
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15
Q

what are the boundary of the pterygopalatine fossa

A 
roof- greater wing sphenoid
medially- perpendicular plate of palatine
anteriorly- posterior maxilla
posteriorly- pterygoid process
floor- pyramidal process of palatine
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16
Q

what are the contents of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

pterygopalatine ganglion

pterygopalatine part of maxillary a

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17
Q

what are the branches of the facial n

A 
temporal
zygomatic
buccal
mandibular
cervical
posterior auricular

two zebras bit my cookies

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18
Q

what muscles do the facial n provide somatic motor for

A

stapedius
stylohyoid
digastric
facial expression muscles

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19
Q

what ganglions are supplied by the facial n

A

pterygopalatine ganglion

submandibular ganglion

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20
Q

describe the pterygopalatine ganglion

A

lacrimal glands, nasal, palatine mucosa (greater petrosal n)

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21
Q

describe the submandibular ganglion

A

submandibular and sublingual salivary glands (chorda tympani)

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22
Q

what is the visceral sensation of the facial n

A

taste ant 2/3 tongue

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23
Q

what is the somatic sensation of the facial n

A

external ear

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24
Q

what nerve comes of the ophthalmic branch

A

supraorbital n

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25
Q

what nerve comes off the maxillary branch

A

infraorbital n

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26
Q

what nerve comes off the mandibular branch for sensory

A

mental n

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27
Q

what muscles are innervated by the mandibular branch

A

suprahyoid, tensor tympani, tensor veli palantini

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28
Q

which nerve detects sensory input at the mandibular angle

A

greater auricular n

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29
Q

what are the branches of the external carotid arteries

A 
lingual a
facial a
ascending pharyngeal a
ascending palatine a
superficial temporal a
maxillary a
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30
Q

what artery is crucial for facial expression

A

facial a

31
Q

what are the branches of the maxillary a

A 
middle meningeal a
inferior alveolar a
greater and lesser palatine a
sphenopalatine a
deep temporal a
32
Q

functions of buccinator

A

connects orbicularis oris and superior pharyngeal constrictor
holds food in mouth and forcefully blows air out

33
Q

what are the functions for orbicularis oculi

A

closes eyelids

orbital- wink tightly
palpebral- blink relex

34
Q

what are the afferent and efferent nerves for orbicularis oris

A

afferent- CN V1

efferent- CN VII

35
Q

proximal and distal attachments of zygomaticus major

A

lateral zygomatic bone

angle of mouth

36
Q

how do you tell if its a true smile or a fake smile

A

true smile- symmetrical

fake smile- nonsymmetrical

37
Q

proximal and distal attachments for medial pterygoid

A
  1. medial lateral pterygoid and pyramidal palatine bone
  2. tuberosity of maxilla
    medial mandibular ramus and angle
38
Q

innervation and blood supply for medial pterygoid

A

CN V medial pterygoid n

maxillary a pterygoid branch

39
Q

functions of medial pterygoid

A

elevate and protract mandible

40
Q

proximal and distal attachments of lateral pterygoid

A
  1. infratemporal surface and greater wing sphenoid -> joint capsule
  2. lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate -> mandibular condyle
41
Q

innervation and blood supply for lateral pterygoid

A

CN V lateral pterygoid n

maxillary a pterygoid branch

42
Q

functions for lateral pterygoid

A

protract mandible

43
Q

proximal and distal attachment for temporalis

A

temporal fossa

coronoid process and ant mandibular ramus

44
Q

innervation and blood supply for temporalis

A

CN V deep temporal branch

ant and post deep temporal a

45
Q

functions of temporalis

A

elevate and retract

46
Q

proximal and distal attachments for masseter

A

zygomatic bone and arch

lateral mandibular ramus and angle

47
Q

innervation and blood supply for masseter

A

CN V masseteric n

masseteric a

48
Q

functions of masseter

A

elevate and protract mandible

49
Q

what do/are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue do

A

mobilize the tongue

palatoglossus- up and down
styloglossus- back and forth
hyoglossus- back and flat
genioglossus- pull tongue forward

50
Q

what do/are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

change shape- curving and narrowing

superior longitudinal
vertical
transversus
inferior londitudinal

51
Q

what nerves innervate the tongue muscles

A

palatoglossus- CN X

all others are CN XII

52
Q

why do the two sided tongue muscles antagonize themsleves

A

to have muscle balance

affected side=deviation

53
Q

what nerves does the hypoglossal n provide a shuttle for

A

C1 motor to geniohyoid, thyrohyoid, superior root of ansa cervicalis

inferior root ansa cervicalis= C2-3

54
Q

what ganglion provides PS motor to the parotid galnd

A

otic ganglion- CN IX, lesser petrosal n, comes through foramen ovale or spinosum

55
Q

what ganglion provides PS motor to the submandibular/sublingual glands

A

submandibular ganglion- CN VII, chorda tympani

56
Q

CN VII dorsal nerves innrevate

A

scalp

57
Q

CN VII ventral n innervates

A

face

58
Q

an upper motor injury of CN VII results in

A 
contralateral facial paralysis
scalp spared
can elevate eyebrows
facial drop- difficult to close eyes/mouth, drooling, tears
limbic lobe spared
unequal smile unless with humor
59
Q

a lower motor injury can result in

A

damage in and below the lower motor nuclei
ipsilateral scalp and facial paralysis
can’t elevate eyebrows
facial drop- difficult to close eyes/mouth, drooling, tears
dry eye and mouth IF greater petrosal n too
NO equal smile for all LMN pt

60
Q

what are the 4 ganglions in the head

A

ciliary
submandibular
pterygopalatine
otic

61
Q

what nerves shuttle off of V1

A

ciliary n

lacrimal n

62
Q

what nerve shuttles off of V2

A

zygomatic n

63
Q

what nerves shuttle off of V3

A

lingual n

auriculotemporal n

64
Q

what nerves come off the ciliary ganglion

A

ciliary n

65
Q

what nerves come off the pterygopalatine ganglion

A

zygomatic n

lacrimal n

66
Q

what nerve comes off the submandibular ganglion

A

lingual n

67
Q

what nerve comes off the otic ganglion

A

auriculotemporal n

68
Q

what nerves come off V3 of first fibers

A

tensor tympani
tensor veli palatini
medial pterygoid
meningeal

69
Q

which of the first fibers of V3 is sensory

A

meningeal

70
Q

what comes off V3 of anterior division

A

temporal
massester
lateral pterygoid
buccal

71
Q

which of the anterior division of V3 is sensory

A

buccal

buccal with facial n is motor

72
Q

what are the nerves off of V3 posterior division

A

lingual
inferior alveolar
mylohyoid
auriculotemporal

73
Q

which of the posterior division n of V3 is motor

A

mylohyoid

DPT 701: Clincal Anatomy (12 decks)

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