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DPT 701: Clincal Anatomy > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

what does the peripheral nervous system breakdown into

A

autonomic division and somatic divsion

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2
Q

what does the autonomic division do

A

regulates internal environment
CNS to organs, blood, glands

breaks down into two division: sympathetic and parasympathetic

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3
Q

what does the somatic division do

A

carries info to CNS from senses and CNS to skeletal muscle

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4
Q

what does the sympathetic nervous system do

A 
increase HR, contraction
bronchial muscles RELAX
decrease gut motility 
dilates pupils and blood vessels
increase sweat
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5
Q

what does parasympathetic nervous system do

A 
decrease HR, force of contraction
bronchial muscles CONTRACT
increase gut motility 
constricts pupils and blood vessels
no sweating
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6
Q

what are the main functions of the frontal lobe

A 
primary motor cortex
executive processes
voluntary behavior
problem solving 
self control
personality
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7
Q

what are the main functions of the temporal lobe

A 
hearing and selective listening
sounds and speech
language comprehension
different sounds and pitches
short term memory loss
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8
Q

what is aphasia

A

acquired language disorder

fluent or nonfluent speech

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9
Q

what is broca’s area

A

frontal lobe

think of the right words and put in the correct order with the correct sequence of muscle contractions to produce the sounds for the words

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10
Q

what is wernicke’s area

A

temporal lobe

ability to comprehend language, including speech

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11
Q

what is broca’s aphasia

A 
"broken speech"
intact comprehension 
speech takes effort, sparse
writing is also impaired
aware of deficit
non-fluent
strokes affecting middle cerebral artery
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12
Q

what is wernicke’s aphasia

A 
"word salad"
impaired comprehension
usually unaware of deficit
fluent but meaningless speech
sentences dont make sense
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13
Q

what is global aphasia

A

large lesion in dominant hemisphere
nonfluent aphasia
infarction of internal carotid or middle cerebral a

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14
Q

what is the main functions of the parietal lobe

A 
sensory cortex
postcentral gyrus
higher processing of attention
perception of body
somatosensory (pain, touch, pressure, temp.)
spatial mapping
reading
numbers
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15
Q

what is the main functions of the occipital lobes

A 
mapping the visual world
spatial reasoning
visual memory
colors
visual information about anything
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16
Q

what is the main function of the cerebellum

A

coordination of voluntary movements

regulates equilibrium and muscle tone

17
Q

what is the main function of the brain stem

A

contains ascending and descending tracts
cranial nerves
site for cardiovascular and respiratory centers
vomiting, swallowing, sneezing, coughing

18
Q

what is the longitudinal fissure

A

separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres

19
Q

what is the transverse fissure

A

separates the cerebrum from cerebellum

20
Q

what is the lateral fissure

A

separates the frontal and parietal lobes from temporal lobe

21
Q

what is the cerebral cortex

A

a region of gray matter that forms the outer rim of the cerebrum

22
Q

what is the difference in gray and white matter

A

gray matter is cell bodies

white matter contains axons

23
Q

what is the corpus callosum

A

largest white mater tract
200-250 million projects
interconnects the two cerebral hemispheres

24
Q

what is the parieto-occipital sulcus

A

separates the occipital lobes from the parietal and temporal lobes

25
Q

what is the calcarine sulcus

A

separates the visual cortex into 2 parts

26
Q

what is obsessive compulsive disorder

A

cingulate gyrus is implicated

limbic system- emotion, long term memory, olfaction, behavior modification and ANS

27
Q

what movement is precentral gyrus responsible for

A

voluntary movements of skeletal muscle

28
Q

what movement is the postcentral gyrus responsible for

A

main sensory receptive area for the sense of touch

29
Q

what artery supplies the pre and postcentral gyrus closest to the longitudinal fissure

A

anterior cerebral a

30
Q

what artery supplies the pre and postcentral gyrus farther from the longitudinal fissure

A

middle cerebral a

31
Q

what is in the brain stem

A

medulla, midbrain, pons

DPT 701: Clincal Anatomy (12 decks)

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