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ANA > Pelvic organs part 2 > Flashcards

Pelvic organs part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the urethra

A

tube that connects the urinary bladder to the genitals for removal of fluids out of body

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2
Q

in females, the urethra carries only ___

A

urine

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3
Q

female urethra is long or short

A

short

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4
Q

the urethra being short makes women more susceptible to what

A

UTI’s

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5
Q

the female urethra passes through the what

A

UG diaphragm

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6
Q

the female urethra empties into a region called _______

A

vestibule of the vagina

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7
Q

sympathetic innervation controls what in the sex organs of the male

A

ejaculation

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8
Q

parasympathetic innervation controls what in the male sex organs

A

erection

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9
Q

are the testis in the male located within the pelvis

A

no

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10
Q

position of the ductus deferens in relation to the testis

A

located on posterior aspect of testicle

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11
Q

the internal urinary sphincter in the male contracts during ejaculation due to what type of innervation

A

sympathetic

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12
Q

why does the internal urinary sphincter contract during ejaculation

A

to prevent sperm from going back up into the bladder

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13
Q

what is located between the bladder and the urethra in the male

A

prostate gland

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14
Q

spermatozoa travel through what

A

ductus deferens

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15
Q

what contributes to a complete ejaculation and what is it contributed by

A

additional substances by the accessory sex organs

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16
Q

what are the accessory sex organs in the male

A

ampulla of ductus deferens
seminal vesicles
prostate
bulbourethral gland

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17
Q

what is the ejaculatory duct

A

pathway through the prostate

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18
Q

inside the prostate there is a membranous structure called the what

A

prostate urethra

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19
Q

the prostate urethra turns into what

A

the urethra (deep pouch region) which goes through the UG diaphragm

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20
Q

the urethra contains what anatomical structure within

A

the external urethral sphincter

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21
Q

what does the membranous urethra turn in to

A

the spongey urethra within the penis

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22
Q

the spongey urethra is joined by what in the penis

A

the outflow of the bulbourethral gland

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23
Q

the peritoneum drapes over what part of the pelvis

A

the pelvic viscera in the false pelvis

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24
Q

the peritoneum does what in the pelvis

A

provides support but also allows movement

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25
Q

the peritoneum draping over the pelvic viscera creates what

A

peritoneal-lined spaces between the pelvic organs

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26
Q

what is the rectovesical pouch

A

a space between the bladder and the rectum, located on the inferior part of the abdominopelvic cavity in the male

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27
Q

what collects in the rectovesical pouch

A

fluid, when the patient is in upright position

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28
Q

what are the ovaries

A

paired organs that are the female gonads

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29
Q

the ovaries reside close to ____

A

the walls of the false pelvis

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30
Q

the ovaries are suspended by what

A

suspensory ligament of the ovary

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31
Q

suspensory ligament is made of what and attaches where

A

it is a fold of the peritoneum and attaches to the ovary and posterior body wall

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32
Q

the suspensory ligament of the ovary provides a route for what

A

the ovarian artery and vein

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33
Q

the lower pole of the ovary is attached to the uterus by what

A

a fibromuscular cord called the proper ovarian ligament

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34
Q

the proper ovarian ligament does what for the ovary

A

provides support by tethering the ovary to the uterus

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35
Q

what are the 3 main parts of the uterine tube

A

infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus

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36
Q

what is the infundibulum of the uterine tube

A

part directly on the ovary, has hair like appendages called fimbrae that engulf the egg following ovulation

37
Q

what is the ampulla of the uterine tube

A

the mid-region of the tube that is dilated

38
Q

what is the isthmus of the uterine tube

A

the narrowest part of the tube that joins the uterus

39
Q

what is the site of fertilization in the uterine tube

A

ampulla

40
Q

the uterine tubes are covered and supported by the ____ of the _____ _____

A

mesosalpinx of the broad ligament

41
Q

3 layers of the uterus

A

endometrium (inner), myometrium (middle), mesometrium (broad ligament)

42
Q

3 regions of the uterus

A

fundus, body, cervix

43
Q

what is the fundus of the uterus

A

region opposite to the exit (cervix)

44
Q

the isthmus of the uterine tube joins what part of the uterus

A

fundus

45
Q

the fundus is what anatomical position of the uterus

A

most anterior and superior

46
Q

where does a fertilized egg usually implant

A

into the body of the uterus in the endometrium

47
Q

the cervix is located where

A

most inferior region of uterus, located within the pelvic inlet (or passing through)

48
Q

the cervix has how many regions and what are they

A

3; internal os which is the opening into the uterus, cervical canal, and external os which is the opening into the vagina

49
Q

what part of the cervix is visible during a pelvic exam

A

external os, it will have a mucus plug during pregnancy

50
Q

the cervix pushes into the vagina creating what

A

pockets/recesses

51
Q

what is the vagina

A

a muscular tube that extends from the vestibule of the vagina (external genitalia) to the cervix of the uterus

52
Q

the pockets of the vagina created by the cervix are called

A

fornices of the vagina

53
Q

what fornix of the vagina is the largest

A

the posterior fornix and the anterior and lateral are typically much smaller

54
Q

what is the clinical intervention of the posterior fornix of the vagina

A

allows access to the rectouterine space for surgery

55
Q

what is the most inferior space in the female patient

A

rectouterine space

56
Q

the posterior fornix is also called the what

A

pouch of douglas

57
Q

the uterus is ____ with respect to the vagina

A

anterverted

58
Q

the fundus of the uterus is ____ with respect to the cervix of the uterus

A

anteflexed

59
Q

the fundus of the uterus being anteflexed compared to the cervix results in what

A

the fundus being positioned anteriorly and the anterior surface of the uterus is now in close approximation to the superior surface of the bladder

60
Q

what is the mesovarium

A

the portion of broad ligament surrounding the ovaries

61
Q

the uterus fundus and body are located in what part of the pelvis

A

false pelvis

62
Q

the cervix of the uterus is located in what part of the pelvis

A

true pelvis

63
Q

what is the broad ligament

A

a regional renaming of the peritoneum

64
Q

peritoneum lines the walls of the ___ ___

A

false pelvis

65
Q

as the peritoneum drapes over the female reproductive structures it is renamed the ___ ___

A

broad ligament

66
Q

function of the broad ligament

A

supports the organs in the false pelvis of the female reproductive system

67
Q

what are to the two pouches created by the draping of the peritoneum in women

A
  • vesicouterine pouch (between bladder and uterus)

- rectouterine pouch (between the rectum and uterus and is the most inferior region of the abdominopelvic cavity)

68
Q

true pelvis begins at the ____ of the uterus and movement ___

A

cervix; stops

69
Q

the broad ligament is peritoneum that is further renamed based on what

A

based on the structure that it is supporting

70
Q

mesometrium

A

applied to the fundus and the body of the uterus

71
Q

mesosalpinx

A

covers the uterine tube

72
Q

mesovarium

A

supports the ovary; does not fully cover the entire ovary, just a small portion

73
Q

the larger majority of the ovary is covered by what

A

germinal epithelium so that ovulation is possible

74
Q

the pelvic fascia acts as what

A

glue for the pelvic musculature/organs

75
Q

thickened regions of the pelvic fascia are called

A

ligaments

76
Q

what is the pubocervical ligmament

A

arises from the pubis to support the bladder and cervix; anchors cervix anteriorly

77
Q

what is the transverse cervical ligament or cardinal ligament and function

A

arises from the pelvis wall and attaches to the sides of the cervix; supports the uterus and vagina

78
Q

the transverse cervical ligament anchors to the cervix

A

laterally

79
Q

the uterine artery and vein can be found passing through what ligament

A

transverse cervical ligament

80
Q

what are the uterosacral ligaments and function

A

arise from the sacrum, pass on either side of the rectum, and attache to the uterus; stabilize the uterus and rectum

81
Q

what is subserous fascia

A

loose adipose fascia the interdigitates with the pelvis fascia that acts as a packing material

82
Q

the false pelvis has a ___, just like the organs of the abdomen

A

mesentery

83
Q

the majority of the vagina is located where

A

in the true pelvis

84
Q

the vagina is supported by what

A

pelvis fascia and subserous fascia fat and its muscles in that region

85
Q

the distal end of the vagina passes through what

A

the Ug diaphragm (peritoneum)

86
Q

during pregnancy, the baby grows towards what portion of the uterus and why

A

the fundus because it is in the false pelvis and is therefore moveable

87
Q

round ligament of the uterus arises from what

A

from the fundus of the uterus and goes through the inguinal canal to insert into the labia majora

88
Q

the top of the bladder is covered in ____ but not ____

A

peritoneum but not fascia, which is why the bladder can become compressed by the uterus during pregnancy

ANA (17 decks)

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