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Reproductive System > Pelvic Floor Dysfunction > Flashcards

Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Flashcards

1
Q

What is pelvic organ prolapse?

A

Loss of support for the uterus, bladder, colon or rectum leading to prolapse of one or more into the vagina

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2
Q

What is anterior compartment prolapse?

A

Bladder prolapses into vagina

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3
Q

What is middle compartment prolapse?

A

Uterus prolapses into vagina

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4
Q

What is posterior compartment prolapse?

A

Rectum prolapses into posterior vagina

Loops of bowel may prolapse into pouch of Douglas

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5
Q

What are risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse?

A 
Age
Parity 
Vaginal delivery 
Postmenopausal oestrogen deficiency 
Obesity
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6
Q

How is pelvic organ prolapse managed?

A

Pessaries
Surgery
Hysterectomy

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7
Q

What are obstetric anal sphincter injuries?

A

Perineal tears involving the anal sphincter complex

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8
Q

What is a 3rd degree tear?

A

Tear of skin, vagina and muscle

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9
Q

What is a 4th degree tear?

A

Tear of skin, vagina, muscle and mucosa

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10
Q

How can obstetric anal sphincter injuries be prevented?

A

Consider episiotomy

Encourage mother not to push while baby is crowning

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11
Q

What is female genital mutilation?

A

All procedures involving partial or total removal of the female genitalia or other injury to female genital organs

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12
Q

What is type 1 FGM?

A

Partial or total removal of the clitoris

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13
Q

What is type 2 FGM?

A

Partial or total removal of the clitoris and labia minora

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14
Q

What is type 3 FGM?

A

Narrowing of the vaginal orifice with the creaton of a covering seal by cutting and appositioning the labia minora/majora

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15
Q

What is type 4 FGM?

A

All other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes

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16
Q

What are the acute consequences of FGM?

A

Haemorrhage

Sepsis

17
Q

What are the late consequences of FGM?

A 
Sexual difficulties
Chronic pain 
Dysmenorrhea
Urinary outflow obstruction 
PTSD
18
Q

How does posterior compartment pelvic floor dysfunction present?

A

Vaginal/rectal bulge
Constipation
Anal incontinence

19
Q

What can cause posterior compartment pelvic floor dysfunction?

A 
Structural prolapse
Drugs
Dehydration 
Immobility 
Pregnancy 
Post operative pain
20
Q

What is anal incontinence?

A

Involuntary loss of flatus, liquid or solid stools

Reproductive System (22 decks)

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