Female Anatomy Flashcards
What are the main parts of the female reproductive system?
Ovary Fallopian tube Uterus Cervix Vagina
What is the vulva?
External part of the female reproductive system
What makes up the vulva?
Mons pubis Labia majora Labia minora Clitoris Bartholin's gland Vestibule
What is the vestibule?
Contains vaginal + urethral opening
What is the function of Bartholin’s gland?
Produces lubricating mucus
What is the arterial supply to the vulva?
Pudendal artery
What vein drains the vulva?
Pudendal vein
What lymph nodes drain the vulva?
Superficial inguinal
What epithelium lines the ovarian surface?
Germinal epithelium
What lines the ovarian surface before the hilum?
Peritoneum
What fills the ovary?
Tunica albuginea
What artery supplies the ovary?
Ovarian - from the aorta
What vein drains the ovary?
Ovarian
Right - IVC
Left - L renal vein
What lymph nodes drain the ovary?
Para-aortic
What are the parts of the fallopian tube?
Fibriae
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus
What part of the fallopian tube is an ectopic pregnancy most likely to occur
Ampulla
What is the normal anatomical position of the uterus?
Anteverted
Anteflexed
What does anteverted mean?
Rotated forward
What does anteflexed mean?
Flexed forward
What are the layers of the uterus wall?
Peritoneum
- continuous with abdominal peritoneum
Myometrium
- thick smooth muscle
Endometrium
- deep = stratum basalis
- superficial = stratum functionalis
What artery supplies the uterus?
Uterine artery
What vein drains the uterus?
Uterine vein
What lymph nodes drain the uterus?
Iliac
Sacral
Aortic
Inguinal
What are the parts of the cervix?
Ectocervix
Endocervical canal
What is the ectocervix?
External os ->vagina
What is the external os?
OPens into endocervical canal
What is the internal os?
Opens into uterus
What lines the ectocervix?
Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium
What is the endocervical canal?
Between the external and internal os
What lines the endocervical canal?
Mucus-secreting simple columnar epithelium
What lines the vagina?
Stratified squamous epithelium
What are the supporting ligaments?
Broad ligament
Ovarian ligaments
- ovarian
- suspensory
Uterine ligaments
- round
- cardinal
- pubocervical
- uterosacral
What is the broad ligament?
Flat sheet of peritoneum that covers all the female reproductive system
Where does the broad ligament lie?
Extends from lateral pelvic wall
Attaches to
- uterus
- ovaries
- fallopian tubes
What is the role of the ovarian ligament?
Connect ovary to uterus
Where does the ovarian ligament lie?
Attaches inferiorly to ovary
Joins uterus just below fallopian tube
What is the role of the suspensory ligament?
Contains all the ovarian vessels and nerves
Where does the suspensory ligament lie?
Ovary -> lateral abdominal wall
What is the role of the round ligament?
Anchors uterus
Maintains anteverted position in pregnancy
Where does the round ligament lie?
Uterine horns - travels through inguinal canal - labia majora
What is the role of the cardinal ligament?
Contains uterine vessels
Where does the cardinal ligament lie?
Cervix + vagina -> lateral pelvic wall
Lies in the inferior border of the broad ligament
